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☆ EU officials warn TikTok over Israel-Hamas disinformation
▼ + stars: | 2023-10-12 | by ( Brian Fung | ) edition.cnn.com time to read: +1 min

CNN —EU officials warned TikTok Thursday about “illegal content and disinformation” on its platform linked to the war between Hamas and Israel, calling for CEO Shou Zi Chew to respond within 24 hours. In a letter to Chew, European Commissioner Thierry Breton said failure to comply with European Union laws around content moderation could result in penalties. It is the third such letter Breton has sent to large social media platforms this week, after he sent similar warnings to X, the platform formerly known as Twitter, and Meta. In August, a recently passed EU law known as the Digital Services Act went into effect for large online platforms including the companies Breton addressed this week. Since the war began, Breton wrote, TikTok has reportedly spread graphic videos and misleading content on the platform.

Persons: Shou Zi Chew, Thierry Breton, Breton, TikTok, ” Breton, TikTok didn’t Organizations: CNN, Twitter, Meta, Digital Services Locations: Israel, Chew

Printed TikTok logos are seen in this illustration taken February 15, 2022. Breton's warning in a letter to Chew, first seen by Reuters, follows similar letters to X, formerly Twitter, owner Elon Musk and Meta Platforms' Mark Zuckerberg earlier this week. Breton subsequently posted the letter on social media platform Bluesky. Breton said in the letter to TikTok, owned by Chinese conglomerate ByteDance, that he had indications that it was being used to disseminate illegal content and disinformation in the EU after the Hamas attacks. The EU industry commissioner said rules on content moderation were clear in the EU Digital Services Act (DSA) and spelt out certain obligations in his letter.

Persons: Dado Ruvic, Thierry Breton, Frenchman, Shou Zi Chew, Chew, Elon Musk, Mark Zuckerberg, Breton, Linda Yaccarino, Foo Yun Chee, Philip Blenkinsop, Jane Merriman, Elaine Hardcastle, Jan Harvey Organizations: REUTERS, Rights, Digital Services, DSA, Reuters, EU, EU Digital Services, Thomson Locations: Rights BRUSSELS, Israel

☆ Elon Musk’s X says it has removed ‘hundreds’ of Hamas-affiliated accounts
▼ + stars: | 2023-10-12 | by ( Hanna Ziady | ) edition.cnn.com time to read: +2 min

London CNN —X says it has removed “hundreds of Hamas-affiliated accounts” and taken down thousands of posts since the attack on Israel by the Palestinian militant group. “X is… addressing identified fake and manipulated content during this constantly evolving and shifting crisis,” she added. The platform had “assembled a leadership group to assess the situation” shortly after news broke about the attack, Yaccarino said. It had also responded to more than 80 “take down requests” from EU authorities to remove content. “Community Notes” — which allow X users to fact check false posts — are visible on “thousands of posts, generating millions of impressions,” she wrote.

Persons: London CNN —, Linda Yaccarino, Thierry Breton, ” Yaccarino, “, Yaccarino, X, ”, Breton Organizations: London CNN, Twitter, European Union, Digital Services Locations: Israel, Palestinian

☆ Elon Musk's X rebuts EU allegations of 'illegal' content about the Israel-Hamas conflict
▼ + stars: | 2023-10-12 | by ( Arjun Kharpal | ) www.cnbc.com time to read: +2 min

Linda Yaccarino: CEO of X speaking with CNBC's Sara Eisen on Aug. 10th, 2023. In a letter posted on X, Yaccarino said that after the Hamas attack on Israel, the social media firm "assembled a leadership group to assess the situation." The CEO also detailed the company's policies around violent speech, synthetic or manipulated media and perpetrators of violent attacks. "X is committed to serving the public conversation, especially in critical moments like this and understands the importance of addressing any illegal content that may be disseminated through the platform," Yaccarino said. This year, the EU introduced the Digital Services Act (DSA), a sweeping piece of regulation that forces online platforms to police illegal content more aggressively or risk huge fines.

Persons: Linda Yaccarino, CNBC's Sara Eisen, CNBC Linda Yaccarino, Yaccarino, Thierry Breton, Elon Musk, Breton Organizations: CNBC, Hamas, European Union, Wednesday, X, EU, Israel, Digital Services Locations: Israel, Palestinian, U.S, Japan, Australia, EU

☆ Europe is investigating Elon Musk's X about Israel-Hamas misinformation, violence on the app
▼ + stars: | 2023-10-12 | by ( Jonathan Vanian | ) www.cnbc.com time to read: +3 min

Thierry Breton, the European commissioner for the internal market, said on X that the European Union's executive arm, the European Commission, is investigating whether X is complying with the Digital Services Act. The act went into effect in late August, requiring platforms that have over 45 million monthly active users in the EU to scan for and remove illegal content from their services and to detail their methodologies. Breton sent a letter to X owner Elon Musk expressing concern about the spread of disinformation and "violent and terrorist" content on the service and urging Musk to respond within 24 hours time. "We continue to respond promptly to law enforcement requests from around the world, including EU member states," X said in the letter. "At the time of receipt of your letter, we had not received any notices from Europol relating to illegal content on the service."

Persons: Elon Musk, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, Fatih Aktas, Thierry Breton, Breton, Musk, Mark Zuckerberg, Linda Yaccarino, X Organizations: Turkish, United Nations, UN, Anadolu Agency, Getty, European, European Commission, Digital Services, DSA, EC Locations: New York, United States, European, Israel

☆ Elon Musk's X could face expulsion from Europe over Israel-Gaza disinformation, EU official says: 'These are not empty threats'
▼ + stars: | 2023-10-11 | by ( Thibault Spirlet | Lakshmi Varanasi | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +3 min

Elon Musk's social media platform could be banned from Europe, an EU official told Insider. "These are not empty threats," MEP Stéphanie Yon-Courtin told Insider. AdvertisementAdvertisementAn EU official has warned that X, the social media platform owned by Elon Musk, could be banned from Europe if it fails to comply with EU rules over disinformation amid the Israel-Gaza conflict. The EU commissioner gave Musk a deadline at 7 p.m. Central European Time on Wednesday to comply with EU regulations, Yon-Courtin told Insider. According to those rules, X could face fines of up to 6% of its revenue or even expulsion.

Persons: Elon, Stéphanie Yon, Courtin, —, Elon Musk, Thierry Breton, Musk, Breton, who's, Linda Yaccinaro Organizations: Service, Elon, EU, Digital Services, Israel Defense Forces Locations: Europe, Israel, Gaza, EU

“This legislation will help tackle the risks of social media affecting our children and protect their privacy.”The regulations sought by James and Gov. The legislation in New York also follows actions taken by other U.S. states this year to curb social media use among children. In March, Utah became the first state to pass laws that require minors to get parental consent before using social media. The U.S. Supreme Court is preparing to decide whether state attempts to regulate social media platforms violate the Constitution. The justices will review two laws from Florida and Texas that mostly aim to prevent social platforms from censoring users based on their viewpoints.

Persons: Letitia James, “, ” James, Kathy Hochul, Kathleen Spence, Spence, ” Spence, Antigone Davis, Meta’s, ”, Carl Szabo, NetChoice, James, TikTok, . Indiana, Maysoon Khan, Kelvin Chan Organizations: YouTube, James, New York Child Data, ”, European Union, Digital Services, General Data, EU, Regulators, The, Meta, TikTok, U.S, Supreme, Associated Press Locations: York, “ Young, Europe, California, New York, Utah, Arkansas, ., Florida, Texas, Albany, London

☆ EU's Breton gives Meta's Zuckerberg 24 hours to detail disinformation response
▼ + stars: | 2023-10-11 | by ( ) www.reuters.com time to read: +1 min

EU flag and Meta logo are seen in this illustration taken, May 22, 2023. REUTERS/Dado Ruvic/Illustration/File Photo Acquire Licensing RightsBRUSSELS, Oct 11 (Reuters) - The EU's industry chief Thierry Breton on Wednesday gave Meta Platforms (META.O) 24 hours to inform him of measures taken to counter the spread of disinformation on its platforms following Palestinian Islamist group Hamas' surprise attack on Israel. "I would ask you to be very vigilant to ensure strict compliance with the DSA rules on terms of service, on the requirement of timely, diligent and objective action following notices of illegal content in the EU, and on the need for proportionate and effective mitigation measures," Breton told Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg in a letter. The Digital Services Act (DSA) forces very large online platforms to remove illegal online content on their platforms. Reporting by Foo Yun Chee; Editing by Kirsten DonovanOur Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.

Persons: Dado Ruvic, Thierry Breton, Breton, Mark Zuckerberg, Foo Yun Chee, Kirsten Donovan Organizations: REUTERS, Rights, Wednesday, DSA, EU, Digital Services, Thomson Locations: Rights BRUSSELS, Israel

via REUTERS/File Photo Acquire Licensing RightsBRUSSELS, Oct 10 (Reuters) - The EU's industry chief told Elon Musk that disinformation was spreading on his X messaging platform since Palestinian Islamist group Hamas' surprise attack on Israel, urging him to take counter-measures in line with new EU online content rules. Thierry Breton said on Tuesday he had indications that X, formerly known as Twitter, was being used to disseminate illegal content and disinformation in the European Union. "I therefore invite you to urgently ensure that your systems are effective and report on the crisis measures taken to my team," Breton told Musk in a letter dated Oct. 10 and seen by Reuters. Responding to Breton's X posting, Musk said his company's policy was that everything is open source and transparent. "Please list the violations you allude to on X, so that the public can see them," he said on X.

Persons: Elon, Thierry Breton, Breton, Musk, Foo Yun Chee, Sudip Kar, Gupta, Mrinmay Dey, Chris Reese, Mark Heinrich, Jonathan Oatis Organizations: REUTERS, Rights, Twitter, European Union, Reuters, Digital Services, DSA, Thomson Locations: Rights BRUSSELS, Israel, Bengaluru

☆ Europe warns Elon Musk about misinformation and violence on X , formerly Twitter, related to Hamas-Israel conflict
▼ + stars: | 2023-10-10 | by ( Jonathan Vanian | ) www.cnbc.com time to read: +3 min

X CEO Elon Musk leaves a U.S. Senate bipartisan Artificial Intelligence Insight Forum at the U.S. Capitol in Washington, D.C., on Sept. 13, 2023. A European regulator has issued Elon Musk a stern warning about the spread of illegal content and disinformation on X, formerly known as Twitter, amid the Israel-Hamas conflict. Failure to comply with the European regulations around illegal content could result in fines worth 6% of a company's annual revenue. The commissioner said that recent "changes in public interest policies" caused confusion in "many European users." Watch: Elon Musk has "cut off the good guys, empowered the bad guys."

Persons: Elon Musk, Elon, Thierry Breton, Musk, Breton, X Organizations: Senate, Intelligence, U.S, Capitol, Washington , D.C, Digital Services, European Commission, European Union, EU Locations: U.S, Washington ,, Israel

☆ AI content editing is the hot freelance side hustle as businesses and individuals look to give their ChatGPT content a 'human touch'
▼ + stars: | 2023-10-05 | by ( Jacob Zinkula | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +4 min

A Fiverr representative told Insider that pay for these projects varies, but typically starts at about $100 to $125. Customers might ask freelancers to fine-tune AI-generated marketing materials or to optimize AI content for search engines. "AI-content-editing services ensure that there is always a human touch and that nothing is lost in translation when it comes to AI-generated content." AdvertisementAdvertisementChatGPT's flaws could lead the demand for AI-editing skills to grow furtherBusinesses could be turning to AI-generated content for a variety of reasons. Content editing isn't the only AI skill that's seen a spike in interest on Fiverr.

Persons: —, it's, Sheraz Organizations: Service, Time Magazine, New, Nao Locations: New York City, Australia

☆ E.U. Law Sets the Stage for a Clash Over Disinformation
▼ + stars: | 2023-09-27 | by ( Steven Lee Myers | More About Steven Lee Myers | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

A far-right leader posted on Facebook a photograph of refugees in Slovakia doctored to include an African man brandishing a machete. As Slovakia heads toward an election on Saturday, the country has been inundated with disinformation and other harmful content on social media sites. What is different now is a new European Union law that could force the world’s social media platforms to do more to fight it — or else face fines of up to 6 percent of a company’s revenue. The law, the Digital Services Act, is intended to force social media giants to adopt new policies and practices to address accusations that they routinely host — and, through their algorithms, popularize — corrosive content. If the measure is successful, as officials and experts hope, its effects could extend far beyond Europe, changing company policies in the United States and elsewhere.

Organizations: Facebook, European Union, Digital Services Locations: Slovakia, Egypt, Europe, United States

☆ Elon Musk's X is being used as a key 'weapon of mass manipulation' for Russian disinformation, the EU says, and warns it is 'watching' the social network
▼ + stars: | 2023-09-27 | by ( Tom Carter | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +3 min

An EU report found X has the highest proportion of Russian disinformation of any major social network. AdvertisementAdvertisementThe EU has warned that X, the social media company owned by Elon Musk, must clamp down on disinformation, after a study found that Russian propaganda was proliferating on the site. A report from the European Commission found that X, formerly Twitter, had the highest proportion of Russian disinformation of any of the major social media platforms, as Musk continues to overhaul the social network's anti-disinformation policies. The report examined 6,000 posts from Spain, Slovakia, and Poland made across a number of social media platforms. Posting on X, the company's Global Government Affairs team said that X was committed to complying with the Digital Services Act.

Persons: —, Elon Musk, Musk, Vera Jourova, Mr Musk, Jourova, X Organizations: Service, Elon, Commission, Twitter, Bloomberg, European, BBC, EU, Google, Meta, Microsoft, Digital Services, company's Global Government Affairs Locations: EU, Spain, Slovakia, Poland, Ukraine

☆ European Union commissioner blasts X over disinformation track record
▼ + stars: | 2023-09-26 | by ( Brian Fung | ) edition.cnn.com time to read: +2 min

CNN —European Union officials on Tuesday called on large social media platforms to step up their enforcement against online mis- and disinformation, particularly about the war in Ukraine. “Disinformation actors were found to have significantly more followers … and tend to have joined the platform more recently than non-disinformation users,” Jourova added. The reports unveiled this week by the EU reflect transparency filings attesting to the companies’ efforts to live up to the code. The reports from companies, including Google, Meta, Microsoft and TikTok, cover a wide range of content types and enforcement actions by the platforms. “Russian propaganda and disinformation is still very present on online platforms.

Persons: Vera Jourova, Jourova, X didn’t, Google’s, TikTok, ” Organizations: CNN — European Union, EU, Digital Services, DSA, Google, Meta, Microsoft, European Commission, LinkedIn, YouTube, Internet Research Agency Locations: Ukraine, Russia

Concerns have mounted in recent months about a spate of disinformation related to parliamentary elections in Slovakia on Sept. 30 and Poland next month as well as European Parliament elections next year. The companies and other online platforms have submitted data on their activity in the last six months to fight fake news as part of the EU code of practice on disinformation. "Today, this is a multi-million euro weapon of mass manipulation ..."The 'very large platforms' must address this risk. Especially as we have to expect that the Kremlin and others will be active before elections." After the last European Parliament elections in 2019, Russia's Security Council described accusations that Moscow had spread disinformation to sway voters as absurd.

Persons: Vera Jourova, John Thys, Alphabet's, Yevgeny Prigozhin, Russia's Wagner, Jourova, Elon, Musk, Meta, Foo Yun Chee, Kevin Liffey Organizations: European Commission, General Affairs Council, Rights, Google, Microsoft, Kremlin, Russia's Security, Internet Research Agency, Digital Services, Twitter, Facebook, Thomson Locations: Luxembourg, Rights BRUSSELS, Europe, Slovakia, Poland, Moscow, Washington, Russia, Ukraine

With elections scheduled in Slovakia and Poland in the coming weeks and a bloc-wide vote next year, big online platforms must address the risk of online meddling, she said. Political Cartoons View All 1182 ImagesShe was providing an update on the 27-nation EU's 2022 Code of Practice on Disinformation. X is “the platform with the largest ratio of mis- or disinformation posts,” Jourova said. Under the code, online platforms agree to commit to measures aimed at reducing disinformation and have to file reports on a regular basis. After submitting “ baseline” reports, their first six-month reports outlining how they’re living up to those promises were released Tuesday.

Persons: Elon Musk, Vera Jourova, ”, “, ” Jourova, Musk, Twitter, Jourova, ’ ” Organizations: European Union, Google, Microsoft, Meta, Facebook, Twitter, European Commission, “ Twitter, Digital Services Locations: Russia, Brussels, Slovakia, Poland, Spain

STOCKHOLM, Sept 6 (Reuters) - The EU Commission on Wednesday designated 22 services of six major tech companies as "gatekeepers" of online services providing messaging to video sharing in its latest crackdown on Big Tech. Alphabet's Google had the highest number of services, including Android operating system, Maps and Search, which would face tougher rules. "It's D-Day for #DMA!," EU industry chief Thierry Breton said on X, formerly known as Twitter. "The most impactful online companies will now have to play by our EU rules." A Microsoft spokesperson said it accepts its gatekeeper designation, while Meta, Google and Amazon spokespersons said they were reviewing the designations.

Persons: WhatsApp, Thierry Breton, TikTok, Stavroula Vryna, Clifford Chance, Supantha Mukherjee, Foo Yun Chee, Martin Coulter, Jason Neely, David Evans Organizations: EU, Big Tech, Apple, Microsoft, ByteDance, Google, Android, Facebook, Justice, Digital Services, Meta, Gmail, Edge, Thomson Locations: STOCKHOLM, Luxembourg, iMessage, Stockholm, Brussels, London

The companies now have six months to start complying with the Digital Markets Act's requirements, which are spurring changes in how Big Tech companies operate. “So that’s the endgame.”For example, under the DMA tech companies can't stop consumers from connecting with businesses outside their platforms. That means Telegram or Signal users could exchange texts or video files with WhatsApp users. That means Meta can't mix together a user's data from Facebook, Instagram and WhatsApp services without clear consent. Google noted that it's already doing this and said it would remind European users of their choices.

Persons: Thierry Breton, who's, ”, Alexandre de Streel, ” de Streel, it's Organizations: Apple, Microsoft, Google, Meta, Big Tech, Digital Services, EU, Digital, University of Namur, Epic, Spotify, Facebook Locations: Europe, Brussels, EU

☆ Elon Musk's erosion of safety standards at X is helping Putin spread Russian propaganda, study finds
▼ + stars: | 2023-09-02 | by ( Polly Thompson | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +3 min

Elon Musk's policy changes at X have allowed Russian propaganda to spread more easily, a study found. "We will no longer amplify state-affiliated media accounts or their Tweets through our recommendation systems," Twitter said in a 2020 blog post. Even social media companies that have been more cooperative than Musk in attempting to limit propaganda are failing. The research found that efforts by the likes of Telegram and Meta, which owns Instagram and Facebook, were largely ineffective in limiting Russian disinformation campaigns. AdvertisementAdvertisement"Over the course of 2022, the audience and reach of Kremlin-aligned social media accounts increased substantially all over Europe," the report states.

Persons: Elon, Elon Musk, Twitter, Musk, Musk's Organizations: European Commission, NATO Strategic Communications Center, Excellence, The Digital Services, Meta, Facebook Locations: Kremlin, Europe, EU

☆ This Dutchman moved to San Francisco a year ago to help tech giants prepare for new EU rules
▼ + stars: | 2023-08-25 | by ( Jonathan Vanian | ) www.cnbc.com time to read: +10 min

De Graaf, a 30-year veteran of the European Commission, was tasked with resurrecting the EU office in the Bay Area. The generative AI boomGenerative AI was a virtually foreign concept when de Graaf arrived in San Francisco last September. In June, the European Parliament cleared a major step in passing the EU AI Act, which would represent the EU's package of AI regulations. Tech companies that have for years criticized the EU for overly aggressive regulations are now asking, "Why is it taking you so long?" The rapidly changing landscape of generative AI makes it tricky for the EU to quickly formulate regulations.

Persons: Yves Herman, Gerard de Graaf, De Graaf, de Graaf, Union hasn't, Mark Zuckerberg, Mandel Ngan, Thierry Breton, Elon Musk, Breton, we've, We've, who's, they've, Aneesh Chopra Organizations: EU, European Commission, Digital Services, Nasdaq, Meta, Google, Apple, DSA, EC, Valley Bank, Irish Consulate, The, Union, U.S, Facebook, Financial, Financial Services, AFP, Getty, Twitter, Digital Markets, Washington , D.C, European, Tech, Stanford, Nvidia, White Locations: Brussels, Belgium, Europe, San Francisco, Bay, U.S, Silicon Valley, Silicon, Rayburn, Washington , DC, Poland, Graaf, Washington ,, United States

The logo of Google is seen at the high profile startups and high tech leaders gathering, Viva Tech,in Paris, France May 16, 2019. REUTERS/Charles Platiau/File Photo Acquire Licensing RightsBRUSSELS, Aug 24 (Reuters) - Google will provide more information on targeted advertisements and give researchers more access to data on how its products work, to comply with landmark European Union online content rules, the Alphabet (GOOGL.O) unit said on Thursday. "We will increase data access for researchers looking to understand more about how Google Search, YouTube, Google Maps, Google Play and Shopping work in practice, and conducting research related to understanding systemic content risks in the EU," she said. It will roll out a new Transparency Center for people to access information about its policies on a product-by-product basis. Reporting by Foo Yun Chee; Editing by Devika SyamnathOur Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.

Persons: Charles Platiau, Laurie Richardson, Foo Yun Chee, Devika Organizations: Google, Viva Tech, REUTERS, Rights, European Union, Digital Services, Microsoft, Twitter, HK, DSA, Center, Thomson Locations: Paris, France, U.S

European Commissioner for Internal Market Thierry Breton attends a news conference following an informal video conference of internal market and industry ministers in Brussels, Belgium February 25, 2021. These very large online platforms and very large online search engines have until Friday to provide their first annual risk assessment to the European Commission. "Complying with the DSA is not a punishment – it is an opportunity for these online platforms to reinforce their brand value and reputation as a trustworthy site," Breton said in a statement. "My services and I will thoroughly enforce the DSA, and fully use our new powers to investigate and sanction platforms where warranted," he said. Reporting by Foo Yun Chee; Editing by Chizu NomiyamaOur Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.

Persons: Thierry Breton, Olivier Hoslet, Breton, Foo Yun Chee, Chizu Organizations: Internal, Rights, Google, Microsoft, Twitter, Digital Services, DSA, HK, European Commission, Thomson Locations: Brussels, Belgium, Europe

☆ TikTok allows Europe to access research software, with eye on EU online content rules
▼ + stars: | 2023-07-20 | by ( Foo Yun Chee | ) www.reuters.com time to read: +1 min

BRUSSELS, July 20 (Reuters) - Short-video app TikTok on Thursday opened up its research software to researchers in Europe ahead of new EU rules requiring Big Tech to do more to police online content. "TikTok is proactively rolling-out its Research API ahead of further technical guidance and launching a commercial content library ahead of the DSA compliance deadline," the social media app said in a statement. "All researchers will need to have their own TikTok for Developers account and be located in the United States or Europe to access our Research API." The company released an initial version of its Research API to academic researchers in the United States earlier this year. TikTok on Thursday also allowed researchers access to its commercial content API.

Persons: TikTok, Foo Yun Chee, Alex Richardson Organizations: Big Tech, Digital Services, European Commission, Thomson Locations: BRUSSELS, Europe, United States

☆ TikTok ‘stress test’ shows it’s not ‘fully ready’ for looming EU social media rules, commissioner says
▼ + stars: | 2023-07-19 | by ( Brian Fung | ) edition.cnn.com time to read: +1 min

Washington CNN —TikTok has “more work” to do to meet tough new European standards that are coming for social media and content moderation, according to a top EU official who performed a “stress test” of the company this week. “TikTok is dedicating significant resources to compliance,” Breton said, pointing to changes TikTok has made to its recommendation algorithms and its transparency procedures as evidence the company appears to be taking its obligations seriously. TikTok didn’t immediately respond to a request for comment on the test results. TikTok isn’t the only large tech platform to submit to an EU stress test. Last month, European officials evaluated Twitter’s platform for DSA compliance and also announced plans to stress test Facebook-parent Meta’s services.

Persons: Washington CNN — TikTok, Thierry Breton, Breton, Shou Chew, “, ” Breton, TikTok, didn’t Organizations: Washington CNN, EU, Digital Services, European Commission, DSA Locations: Dublin

☆ Give Journalists What They Need To Hold Big Tech Accountable - The New York Times
▼ + stars: | 2023-07-14 | by ( Julia Angwin | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

The traditional gatekeepers of knowledge — librarians, journalists and government officials — have largely been replaced by technological gatekeepers — search engines, artificial intelligence chatbots and social media feeds. Whatever their flaws, the old gatekeepers were, at least on paper, beholden to the public. The reforms also require large tech platforms to audit their algorithms to determine how they affect democracy, human rights and the physical and mental health of minors and other users. To hold them accountable, the law also requires large tech platforms like Facebook and Twitter to provide researchers with access to real-time data from their platforms. But there is a crucial element that has yet to be decided by the European Union: whether journalists will get access to any of that data.

Persons: — Organizations: European Union, Digital Services, Digital Markets, Big Tech, Facebook, Twitter, European Locations: China, India, European Union

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