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☆ Mega El Niño events may have caused planet’s greatest mass extinction
▼ + stars: | 2024-09-12 | by ( Katie Hunt | ) edition.cnn.com time to read: +8 min

The El Niño of 252 million years ago would have originated in the Panthalassic Ocean, a body of water much larger than today’s Pacific that could hold more heat, which in turn would have strengthened and sustained El Niño effects. The planet had experienced similar episodes earlier but they hadn’t triggered a mass extinction. A prolonged and intense El Niño also explained why extinctions had begun on land before they occurred in the ocean, the study said. This data showed how temperature rose at different latitudes as the mass extinction unfolded. El Niño events today are known to cause coral bleaching and mass mortality of fish, the study noted, but the ecological impact and future trajectory of El Niño events in a warming climate are unknown.

Persons: ”, Paul Wignall, David Bond, Paul Wignall El, Alex Farnsworth, El, ” Wignall, Niño, “, Yadong Sun, Niños, Wignall, Farnsworth, Alfio Alessandro Chiarenza, Chiarenza, wasn’t Organizations: CNN, University of Leeds, El, University of Hull, UK’s University of Bristol, China University of Geosciences, University of Bristol, Royal Society Newton International, University College London’s, supervolcanoes Locations: what’s, Russia, United Kingdom, Ellesmere, El, Pacific, Wuhan

☆ Campi Flegrei: Next door to Vesuvius, another Italian volcano is waking up
▼ + stars: | 2023-11-09 | by ( Barbie Nadeau | ) edition.cnn.com time to read: +13 min

The most dangerous volcanic threat in Italy right now is one you’ve probably never heard of: Campi Flegrei, or the Phlegraean Fields. The last major eruption of Campi Flegrei was in 1538, and it created a new mountain in the bay. So far in 2023 Campi Flegrei has recorded more than 3,450 earthquakes, 1,118 of which occurred in August alone. There are two hypotheses as to what could be causing the current increase in seismic activity at Campi Flegrei, according to De Natale. Vesuvius and the Campi Flegrei area.

Persons: Rome CNN —, Campi, Flegrei, Campi Flegrei, Carlo Doglioni, ”, ” Doglioni, What’s, Giuseppe De Natale, De Natale, ” De Natale, Ivan Romano, Benedetto De Vivo, ” De Vivo, Rosa Russo Iervolino, Luigi di Magistris, of Serapis, bradyseism, Christopher Kilburn, “, Stefano Carlino, ” Carlino, Salvatore Laporta, Natale, ” Natale Organizations: Rome CNN, National, of Geophysics, University of Naples, CNN, Geological Survey, Environment, volcanology, University College London Locations: Rome, Italy, Naples, Capri, Ischia, Pisciarelli, Vesuvius, Yellowstone, Long, California, Toba, Indonesia, Roman, Pozzuoli, Campi, L’Aquila, vulcanology

In Campi Flegrei, like in Yellowstone and the world’s other supervolcanoes, the probability of a catastrophic eruption is low but not nil, said Alessandro Iannace, a geology professor at the University of Naples Federico II, who wrote a popular geology book. Solfatara, a volcanic crater near Pozzuoli, is part of the Campi Flegrei supervolcano.

Persons: Campi Flegrei, Alessandro Iannace, University of Naples Federico II Organizations: University of Naples Locations: Yellowstone, Pozzuoli

☆ To survive nuclear apocalypse, you may have to eat nothing but mushrooms, rats, and insects
▼ + stars: | 2023-03-01 | by ( Morgan Mcfall-Johnsen | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +8 min

Survivors could farm mushrooms on dead trees, or eat rats and insects. In order to survive, he says, people would need to adopt sunlight-free agriculture — cultivating mushrooms, rats, and insects. Vincent Kessler/ReutersWhile we're using the wood to grow mushrooms, we could use the dead trees' leaves, too, he said. Dead trees can feed other life forms, like rats and insectsRats, much like mushrooms, can digest cellulose, the sugar that makes up 50% of wood. So anything the mushrooms leave behind could be fed to the rats, Walsh suggests.

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