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Hinton isn’t the first Nobel laureate to warn about the risks of the technology that he helped pioneer. Irene Joliot-Curie and Frederic Joliot shared the Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1935. AFP/Getty Images1945: Antibiotic resistanceSir Alexander Fleming shared the 1945 Nobel Prize in medicine with Ernst Chain and Sir Edward Florey for the discovery of penicillin and its application in curing bacterial infections. “I, for one, would not shrink from that challenge.”Jennifer Doudna won the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 2020 for her work on a new method of gene editing. Nobel Prize Outreach/Brittany Hosea-Small/Handout/Reuters2020: Gene editingFour years ago, Jennifer Doudna and Emmanuelle Charpentier shared the Nobel Prize in chemistry for the development of a method for genome editing called CRISPR-Cas9.
Persons: Geoffrey Hinton, , ” Hinton, John Hopfield “, Hinton, Hinton isn’t, Irene Joliot, Curie, Frederic Joliot, Marie, Pierre Curie, Joliot, , Sir Alexander Fleming, Ernst Chain, Sir Edward Florey, Fleming, underdose, Jeffrey Gerber, ” Gerber, ” Paul Berg, Tobbe, Paul Berg, Berg, Joanna Rose, it’s, Jesse Gelsinger, ” Jennifer Doudna, Brittany Hosea, Gene, Jennifer Doudna, Emmanuelle Charpentier, ” Doudna, “ We’ve, ” CNN’s Christian Edwards, Katie Hunt Organizations: CNN, Google, University of Toronto, Princeton University, Hulton, Getty, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, World Health Organization, Nobel, Innovative Genomics Institute Locations: AFP, , Stockholm
These viruses, however, are not the kind that will give you the common cold or flu (or worse). It’s amazing how much untapped biodiversity is all around us.”The study identified more than 600 viruses found in the samples taken from showerheads and toothbrushes. And for every bacterium, there’s potentially tens or hundreds or even thousands of viruses that infect it,” Hartmann said, noting that viruses mutate very quickly, too. She hypothesized that a bacterium in your mouth could transfer to your toothbrush, taking its viruses with it – and these could keep evolving on the toothbrush. “Microbes are everywhere all the time … We wouldn’t be able to digest our food or fend off infection if we didn’t have our microbes,” Hartmann said.
Persons: Erica Hartmann, we’ve, ” Hartmann, Bacteriophages, “ There’s, , Joe Parker, wasn’t, Hartmann, Parker, toothbrushes, There’s, that’s Organizations: CNN, Northwestern University’s McCormick School of Engineering, Getty, World Health Organization, Innovation Locations: showerheads, Microbiomes, United States,
Antimicrobial resistance happens when pathogens like bacteria and fungi develop the ability to evade the medications used to kill them. A death attributable to antimicrobial resistance was directly caused by it, while a death associated with AMR may have another cause that was exacerbated by the antimicrobial resistance. For this combination – the antibiotic methicillin and the bacteria S. aureus – the number of attributable deaths nearly doubled from 57,200 in 1990 to 130,000 in 2021. The researchers estimated that, in 2050, the number of global deaths attributable to antimicrobial resistance could reach 1.9 million, and those associated with antimicrobial resistance could reach 8.2 million. Strathdee saw firsthand the effects that antimicrobial resistance can have on health when her husband nearly died from a superbug infection.
Persons: , Chris Murray, Murray, , ” Murray, it’s, Samuel Kariuki, Kariuki, Steffanie Strathdee, Strathdee, who’s, It’s, Strathdee’s, Tom Patterson, Patterson, baumannii, ” Strathdee, Dr, Sanjay Gupta Organizations: CNN, World Health Organization, AMR, Institute for Health Metrics, University of Washington, Global, Kenya Medical Research Institute, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, Center, Therapeutics, UC San Diego, CNN Health Locations: South Asia, Latin America, Caribbean, Africa, Kenya, Egypt, Germany
Through Sept. 27, non-members can get a year-long Sam’s Club membership for just $15, that’s 70% off the typical $50 membership price (terms apply). There are two levels of Sam’s Club memberships: the classic Sam’s Club membership and a Sam’s Club Plus membership. Extra cash back: All Club members earn 1% Sam’s Cash when they use a Sam’s Club Mastercard, but Plus members get 3%. All Club members earn 1% Sam’s Cash when they use a Sam’s Club Mastercard, but Plus members get 3%. Up to $50 Sam’s Cash: Members get $10 Sam’s Cash for each friend that joins using the member’s referral link (limit of 5).
Persons: You’ll, Mark, aren’t, you’ll, it’s, Cash, Member’s Mark, maestros, They’re, wicks, Lauren Levy, TikTok Organizations: Sam’s, The, NBC, Club, Savings, Health, Mastercard, Cash, CNN, Yahoo Entertainment, MSN, USA, Facebook, Twitter
Why orange juice is so expensive
  + stars: | 2024-07-31 | by ( Andrea Miller | In Dreajmiller | ) www.cnbc.com   time to read: +3 min
U.S. orange production has plummeted as the industry faces volatile threats from extreme weather events, an incurable disease and economic pressures. At the same time, orange juice futures have hit record highs. Florida has seen a dramatic orange production decline in recent years. Invaio is one of the companies researching and developing treatments for citrus greening. The volatility of these threats may cut into citrus harvest expectations, which leads experts to believe that higher prices for orange juice are likely to remain, at least in the short term.
Persons: Daniel Munch, Amy O'Shea, We've, O'Shea, Invaio's Trecise Organizations: United States Department of Agriculture, American Farm Bureau Federation, CNBC, Invaio Sciences, Florida Department of Agriculture, Community Services Locations: United States, Florida, Invaio
Now, such technology appears to be on the horizon, with scientists unveiling a prototype spacesuit system that turns urine into drinking water. When spending these long periods on spacewalks, astronauts currently wear the familiar white puffy EVA suits, which contain a maximum absorbency garment. Above is a side view of the whole system, worn as a backpack. ‘Dune’ systemTo “promote astronaut wellbeing,” the researchers have designed a novel in-suit urine collection and filtration system, or “Dune” system,” Etlin said. Luca BielskiThe liquid would then enter the filtration system, a two-step apparatus that removes water from urine into a salt solution, with a pump then separating pure water from salt.
Persons: , Sofia Etlin, Weill Cornell Medical College’s, Karen Morales, ” Etlin, Luca Bielski, Spacesuits, Etlin, Artemis, Organizations: CNN, Cornell University, Space Technology, NASA, Collins Aerospace, Weill Cornell Medical, Astronauts Locations: New York, Houston, Mars
But over time, some species — including Camponotus floridanus, also known as carpenter ants — have evolutionarily lost them. “I wanted to see how an ant species that cannot use antimicrobial compounds to treat wounds would care for their injured,” Frank said. “In tibia injuries, the flow of the hemolymph was less impeded, meaning bacteria could enter the body faster. The researchers observed that ant-assisted amputations took about 40 minutes to complete, which is why the insects appeared to opt for femur amputations, but not tibia amputations. “We will keep studying wound care behavior in other ant species and try to understand its evolutionary origins,” Frank said.
Persons: Camponotus floridanus, Erik Frank, ” Frank, Frank, , weren’t, Dany Buffat, Bart Zijlstra, Dr, Laurent Keller, Frank said, amputations, ” Keller, Keller Organizations: CNN, University of Würzburg, Switzerland’s University of Lausanne, University of Lausanne, “ Workers Locations: Florida, Germany’s, Bavaria, Ivory Coast, United States
Doctors found the woman’s alcohol levels could range between 30 millimoles per liter and 62 millimoles per liter — below 2 millimoles per liter is normal, Zewude said. “I know of over 300 people diagnosed with auto-brewery syndrome and we have over 800 patients and caregivers in our private Facebook support group,” said Cordell, who was not involved in the new case. “But it wasn’t until the seventh visit that an emergency room doctor finally said, ‘I think this sounds like auto-brewery syndrome,’ and sent her to a specialist,” Zewude said. Since 1974, 20 diagnosed cases of auto-brewery syndrome have been reported in English medical literature, according to an April 2021 review. “I believe many people may walk around feeling foggy and just think they are tired when they might be fermenting alcohol.”‘A metabolic storm’There are risk factors for auto-brewery syndrome.
Persons: , , Rahel, Doctors, Zewude, Barbara Cordell, Cordell, , , ” Zewude, Fahad Malik, Malik, Candida, It’s, ” Cordell, Probiotics Organizations: CNN, University of Toronto, Research, Facebook, Toronto, Canadian Medical Association, United Heath Services, State University of New York, Medical University, ” Auto, Locations: Toronto, Binghamton , New York, Africa, Japan, North Carolina
The Food and Drug Administration on Wednesday approved the sale of an antibiotic for the treatment of urinary tract infections in women, giving U.S. health providers a powerful new tool to combat a common infection that is increasingly unresponsive to the existing suite of antimicrobial drugs. The drug will be marketed in the U.S. as Pivya and will be made available by prescription to women 18 and older. It is the first time in two decades that the F.D.A. has approved a new antibiotic for U.T.I.s, which annually affect 30 million Americans. is committed to fostering new antibiotic availability when they prove to be safe and effective.”
Persons: U.T.I.s, Dr, Peter Kim Organizations: Drug Administration, Drug, Research Locations: Europe, U.S
One Leafy Green Needs Refrigeration to Prevent E.Coli
  + stars: | 2024-03-04 | by ( March | At A.M. | ) www.usnews.com   time to read: +4 min
By Dennis Thompson HealthDay ReporterHealthDayMONDAY, March 4, 2024 (HealthDay News) -- Salad lovers, take note: Lettuce is more vulnerable to E. coli contamination than other leafy greens, researchers report. Other leafy greens – spinach, kale and collards – are more resistant to E. coli, a bacteria with toxic strains that can cause severe stomach cramps, bloody diarrhea and vomiting. On kale and collards, E. coli grows slower in warmer temperatures, but can survive longer under refrigeration, researchers found. People can protect themselves by rinsing lettuce, Dong said, although she warned that E. coli bacteria tend to attach themselves tightly to lettuce leaves. Consumers also should store their lettuce in the fridge and pay attention to any food safety recalls involving leafy greens, researchers said.
Persons: Dennis Thompson, , Mengyi Dong, Dong, ” Dong, , Coli, Pratik Banerjee, ” Banerjee Organizations: Microbiology, Duke University in, University of Illinois, USDA, Mayo Clinic Locations: Duke University in Durham, N.C, Urbana, Champaign, University of Illinois Urbana, , U.S
Last year doctors offered to treat Horton’s infection with one of nature’s oldest predators — tiny tripod-looking viruses called phages designed to find, attack and gobble up bacteria. SCIEPRO/Science Photo Library/Getty ImagesThe microscopic creatures have saved the lives of patients dying from superbug infections and are being used in clinical trials as a potential solution to the growing problem of antibiotic resistance. Would the bacteria from her ear help scientists find phages that would treat the eye infections as well? By the following January, the CDC said at least 50 patients in 11 states had developed superbug infections after using preservative‐free artificial tears. It was a qualified success: The antibiotic-resistant bacteria in five patients were eradicated, while several more patients showed improvements.
Persons: Cynthia Horton’s earaches, , , Dwayne Roach, Eager, Horton, Maroya Walters, ” Walters, Tom Patterson, Steffanie, Paul Turner, “ Iraqibacter, Patterson, Strathdee, Tom, ” Strathdee, Tom Patterson's, Rather, Anthony Maresso, ” Maresso, “ It’s, ” Roach, phages, Elizabeth Villa, Jumbo phages, Robert “ Chip ”, ” Schooley, Juliette Robert, Haytham, REA, CDC’s Walters Organizations: CNN, San Diego State University ., US Centers for Disease Control, Center, Therapeutics, UC San Diego School of Medicine, UC, Diego’s, CDC, Yale University, Yale School of Medicine, UC San, UC San Diego, , San Diego, Baylor College of Medicine, Eliava Institute Locations: United States, North America, Pennsylvania, IPATH, Iraq, New Haven , Connecticut, UC San Diego, Turner’s Yale, San, San Diego State, Texas, Houston, Russia, Georgia, Tbilisi , Georgia
Honey For years, people have claimed that eating honey, especially locally-collected honey, is a great way to lessen seasonal allergies. I use honey for the common cold, and it's perfectly safe. "I use honey for the common cold, and it's perfectly safe." Around cold and flu season, Mafi stocks up on garlic for symptom relief for colds. "There is a small amount of evidence that garlic can help reduce the severity and duration of the common cold," Mafi says.
Persons: John Mafi, Mafi, Honey, Timothy Wong, I've, didn't Organizations: Food and Drug Administration, General Internal Medicine, Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, CNBC, British Medical, American Academy of Pediatrics, Cochrane
In our Bombas socks review, style editor Amir Ismael wrote: "My favorite feature on almost every pair of Bombas socks is the cushioned footbeds in its ankle socks and thicker hiking pairs. Bombas Cyber Monday 2023 deals: Quick linksCyber Monday Bombas deals FAQsWhat makes Bombas socks unique? Bombas socks feature seven material improvements from the ordinary pair of socks. To ensure further comfort and durability, Bombas offers a quiz to help find the perfect fit for you. For every Bombas purchase, a donation is given to support a community with socks, underwear, and T-shirts.
Persons: Amir Ismael, I've, we've, you'll, Bombas Organizations: Bombas Locations: Bombas, United States
We've loved Bombas' high-quality socks for years (as you can see from our Bombas socks review), but its underwear, slippers, and loungewear are just as noteworthy. Bombas Black Friday 2023 deals: Quick linksBlack Friday Bombas deals FAQsWhen is Black Friday? Bombas socks feature seven material improvements from the ordinary pair of socks. To ensure further comfort and durability, Bombas offers a quiz to help find the perfect fit for you. For every Bombas purchase, a donation is given to support a community with socks, underwear, and T-shirts.
Persons: We've, you'll, Bombas Organizations: Bombas Locations: Bombas, United States
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which the World Health Organization has referred to as the "silent pandemic," is an often overlooked and growing global health crisis. Sakis Mitrolidis | Afp | Getty ImagesMaking matters worse, research has shown that climate change is exacerbating the AMR crisis in several ways. "AMR bacteria is known as a silent pandemic. Extreme heat is fueled by the climate crisis, which makes extreme weather more frequent and more intense. "We hear people talking about this 'silent pandemic,' but it shouldn't be silent.
Persons: Sakis Mitrolidis, Tina Joshi, Joshi, University of Plymouth Robb Butler, Butler, Plymouth's Joshi Organizations: Planck, Biology, Getty, World Health, United, AMR, WHO, Afp, University of Plymouth, CNBC, UN, United Arab Emirates, Polygiene, Aircraft, Bloomberg, Plymouth's Locations: United Nations, Sikorahi, Alexandroupoli, Greece, WHO Europe, United Arab, UAE, Hamburg, Germany
Signage is seen outside of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) headquarters in White Oak, Maryland, U.S., August 29, 2020. REUTERS/Andrew Kelly/File Photo Acquire Licensing RightsNov 15 (Reuters) - The U.S. health regulator on Wednesday approved CorMedix's (CRMD.O) antimicrobial drug for reduction of catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) in patients with kidney disease, allowing the company to launch its first commercial product. The company plans to ready the drug for commercialization by end of the first quarter of 2024, CorMedix CEO Joe Todisco told Reuters. DefenCath, a combination of the antimicrobial active ingredient taurolidine and blood thinner heparin, has previously been rejected twice by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on manufacturing concerns. Ahead of the drug approval, CorMedix said it had changed its heparin supplier and the FDA had inspected its current manufacturing facility and was comfortable with it.
Persons: Andrew Kelly, Joe Todisco, CorMedix, Christy Santhosh, Shailesh Organizations: Food and Drug Administration, FDA, REUTERS, Reuters, U.S . Food, Drug Administration, RBC, DefenCath, Thomson Locations: White Oak , Maryland, U.S, New Jersey, DefenCath, Bengaluru
CNN —The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is expanding its infectious disease surveillance program at four major US airports to more than 30 pathogens, including flu, RSV and other respiratory viruses. The program currently operates Covid-19 surveillance at seven major international airports in the United States. The traveler surveillance program was introduced in 2021 when the CDC began collecting nasal swab samples from anonymous international travelers arriving at participating airports who volunteer to get swabbed. The program has collected samples from travelers from more than 135 countries and has sequenced more than 14,000 samples for further analysis. The wastewater program, which was introduced in August 2022, collects wastewater from a single plane using a custom-made collection device.
Persons: Dr, Cindy Friedman, John F, , ” Friedman, Friedman, Ginkgo Bioworks, Matthew McKnight, ” McKnight, Sanjay Gupta, Deidre McPhillips Organizations: CNN, Centers for Disease Control, CDC’s, Health, Boston Logan International Airport, San Francisco International Airport, Dulles International, Washington , D.C, Kennedy International, CDC, Get CNN, CNN Health Locations: United States, Washington ,, New York, Ginkgo
Bariatric Surgery at 16
  + stars: | 2023-10-31 | by ( Helen Ouyang | ) www.nytimes.com   time to read: +4 min
It’s the exact opposite.” The number of teenagers who underwent bariatric surgery more than doubled nationwide between 2010 and 2017 and continues to rise. Seeley emphasizes that weight loss doesn’t simply result from a newly tiny stomach that limits how much people can eat. The crucial roles instead seem to be played by bile acids and antimicrobial peptides in the gut, each of which increase markedly after surgery; Seeley is still sorting out the exact mechanisms of their influence. “Why bariatric surgery works so well is because you’re changing lots of things at the same time,” Seeley says. Most important, bariatric surgery seems to reset, to a lower bound, the body weight that the brain tries to maintain.
Persons: Rodriguez, , , Alexandra, ” Gabriela, ” Rodriguez, Thomas Inge, Randy Seeley, Seeley, ” Seeley, “ I’m, ” Inge, I’d, “ We’ve Organizations: Teen, National Institutes of Health, Lurie Children’s Hospital, University of Michigan Locations: United States, Chicago
Dominique MosbergenDominique Mosbergen is a medical science reporter in The Wall Street Journal’s Health and Science bureau. She covers infectious diseases, antimicrobial resistance and frontiers in medical science, including the science of aging. In 2022, she and her colleagues won a Newswomen's Club of New York's Front Page Award for Breaking News for their coverage of the fall of Roe v. Wade. Previously, Dominique spent a decade as a reporter at HuffPost, where she covered breaking news, U.S. politics, climate change, public health and other issues. As an undergraduate, she studied Russian literature at Columbia.
Persons: Dominique Mosbergen Dominique Mosbergen, Roe, Wade, Dominique Organizations: Health, Science, New, News, Columbia University’s Graduate School of Journalism, Columbia Locations: HuffPost, Russian
The 20 Best Early Labor Day 2023 Sales
  + stars: | 2023-08-23 | by ( Bellamy Richardson | ) www.wsj.com   time to read: +13 min
By Bellamy RichardsonLabor Day may not be until Sept. 4, but you don’t have to wait to take advantage of great Labor Day deals. Here are some of our early favorites; we’ll be continuing to add more early sales as they go live leading up to Labor Day Weekend. BrooklinenThe deal: 15% off sitewideHead over to Brooklinen’s Staycation/Early Labor Day Sale for 15% off bedding, bath and loungewear. There might be something for you at eBags during its Labor Day sale, running now through Sept. 12. LunaThe deal: 20% off sleep productsIf you’ve been craving a good night’s sleep, Luna’s Labor Day Sale might have just the thing to help you out.
Persons: Bellamy Richardson, we’ll, Staycation, unzipping, you’ll, Marigold, Casper, , Luna, Luna’s, It’s, Spinner, puffiness, Stove’s Organizations: Labor, sitewide, Sage, Luna’s Labor, Sherpa, Cook Duo, Outer’s Labor, Navy, TSA, Stove’s Labor Locations: California
Blood, milk, and muscle from cattle, goats, or sheep were all preserved in the pots. The pots contained blood, muscle, and milk proteins, representing several different types of animals. The milk proteins show the Maykop people were also getting their dairy from these animals. One cauldron had both blood and milk proteins. AdvertisementAdvertisementGoing forward, Wilkin thinks analyzing proteins from metal cooking vessels could lead to new discoveries in other locations, too.
Persons: Shevan Wilkin, Wilkin, Viktor Trifonov, Trifonov, It's, Christine Hastorf, wasn't, Sakib, Hastorf Organizations: Service, Archaeological Research, University of California, Getty Locations: Wall, Silicon, Berkeley, Maykopsky District, Adygea Republic, Russia
But the US itself poses the biggest threat to the buck's dominance, according to Benn Steil. Debt-ceiling standoffs and “growing weaponization” could undermine the currency, he said. Get the inside scoop on today’s biggest stories in business, from Wall Street to Silicon Valley — delivered daily. "The biggest threat to the dollar's dominance comes not from competitive alternatives, but from the US government itself," Steil, who's the director of international economics for the Council on Foreign Relations, wrote. "Just as the overuse of antibiotics fuels antimicrobial resistance, excessive use of sanctions prompts targeted countries, as well as potential targets, to reduce their engagement with the US financial system," Steil wrote.
Persons: Benn Steil ., Benn Steil, Biden, Fitch, heightening, Vladimir Putin, that's, Elon Musk, Steil Organizations: Service, Project Syndicate, Council, Foreign Relations, International Monetary Fund, European Union Locations: China, Russia, Wall, Silicon, US, Ukraine
The 8 Best Early Labor Day 2023 Deals
  + stars: | 2023-08-18 | by ( Bellamy Richardson | ) www.wsj.com   time to read: +5 min
By Bellamy RichardsonLabor Day may not be until Sept. 4, but you don’t have to wait to take advantage of great Labor Day deals. Here are some of our early favorites; we’ll be continuing to add more early sales as they go live leading up to Labor Day Weekend. BrooklinenThe deal: 15% off sitewideHead over to Brooklinen’s Staycation/Early Labor Day Sale for 15% off bedding, bath and loungewear. DreamCloudThe deal: 50% off all mattressesDreamCloud is hosting a Labor Day flash sale, with 50% off all mattresses. LunaThe deal: 20% off sleep productsIf you’ve been craving a good night’s sleep, Luna’s Labor Day Sale might have just the thing to help you out.
Persons: Bellamy Richardson, we’ll, Brooklinen, Staycation, unzipping, Casper, Luna, Luna’s, It’s Organizations: Labor, sitewide, Luna’s Labor, Sherpa Locations: California
The 6 Best Early Labor Day 2023 Deals
  + stars: | 2023-08-16 | by ( Bellamy Richardson | ) www.wsj.com   time to read: +4 min
By Bellamy RichardsonLabor Day may not be until Sept. 4, but you don’t have to wait to take advantage of great Labor Day deals. Here are some of our early favorites; we’ll be continuing to add more early sales as they go live leading up to Labor Day Weekend. BrooklinenThe deal: 15% off sitewideHead over to Brooklinen’s Staycation/Early Labor Day Sale for 15% off bedding, bath and loungewear. LunaThe deal: 20% off sleep productsIf you’ve been craving a good night’s sleep, Luna’s Labor Day Sale might have just the thing to help you out. Head over to Tuft & Needle’s Labor Day Sale to save up to 20% off the Original and Mint Mattresses, up to $700 off the Mint Hybrid Mattress, 20% off all bedding and more.
Persons: Bellamy Richardson, we’ll, Staycation, unzipping, Casper, Luna, Luna’s, It’s Organizations: Labor, sitewide, Luna’s Labor, Sherpa Locations: California
Yet recent research suggests that one pill of the drug can be effective in preventing such infections among men who have sex with men if taken within 72 hours after unprotected sex. He added that any guidance from the CDC will help “fill gaps,” provide direction to clinics and offer a framework for using doxyPEP for STI prevention. “Drug resistance when taking doxyPEP is currently being studied in people using this treatment for STI prevention. “There are still many STI prevention and treatment gaps left to fill. “In STI prevention, we’ve been relying on tools that are decades, sometimes centuries old.
Persons: Dr, Jonathan Mermin, , doxyPEP, Stephanie Cohen, , “ We’re, ” Cohen, ” David C, Harvey, ” Harvey, DoxyPEP, someone’s, Annie Luetkemeyer, gonorrhea, ” Luetkemeyer, Connie Celum, Kenya Medical Research Institute —, Jenell Stewart, Stewart, ” Stewart, Suneer Chander, Wisp, ” Chander, Sanjay Gupta, Mermin, Deidre McPhillips Organizations: CNN, US Centers for Disease Control, CDC’s National Center, HIV, CDC, San Francisco Department of Public Health, California Department of Public Health, San Francisco Department of Public, National Coalition, STD, , New England, of Medicine, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, UCSF, University of Washington, Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Hennepin Healthcare, University of Minnesota, PEP, Food and Drug Administration, CNN Health Locations: United States, San Francisco, Seattle, King County, Washington, Kenya, Hennepin
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