On the final leg of his South American tour, Scholz on Monday became the first foreign leader to visit Lula since his inauguration.
But he grew stony-faced as his fellow leftist leader expounded his views on the Ukraine war.
Lula also said Brazil would not provide ammunition to Ukraine for German-made Gepard anti-aircraft guns, as reportedly requested by Germany.
In both countries, Scholz visited memorials to the victims of their military dictatorships that he said underscored the need to fight for democracy and freedom.
In Brasilia, he expressed his full solidarity for Lula and Brazil at large after Bolsonaro supporters earlier this month stormed government buildings.