Demand for copper is surging.
The red metal, considered a barometer for economic health, is a vital component for the construction and defense industries as well as a key component in electric cars, wind turbines and the power grid.
Existing mines and projects under construction will meet only 80% of copper needs by 2030, according to the International Energy Agency.
"High-grade economic copper resources are not abundant, these things aren't all over the place, you have to go find them," said Chris LaFemina, global metals and mining analyst at Jefferies.
To look at the challenges facing copper producers, CNBC got a behind the scenes look at Rio Tinto's Kennecott mining operation outside of Salt Lake City.
Persons:
Chris LaFemina
Organizations:
International Energy Agency, Jefferies, CNBC
Locations:
Rio, Salt Lake City