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CNN —Doing more aerobic exercise in middle age and old age may reduce the risk of dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease, a new study found. Without effort, however, cardiorespiratory fitness declines as people age. “This study found a dose-dependent — meaning more was better — effect of exercise fitness on several critical types of cognitive performance,” Isaacson said. Biking, running, jogging, swimming, hiking and briskly walking can all improve cardiorespiratory fitness, experts say. The study showed that people with high cardiorespiratory fitness were more likely to take care of themselves, and therefore protect the heart-brain connection.
Persons: , Weili Xu, ” Xu, Richard Isaacson, “ I’ve, ” Isaacson, Dr, Valentin Fuster, Fuster, ” Fuster, Organizations: CNN, Aging Research, Karolinska Institute, American Heart Association, British, of Sports Medicine, Mount, Hospital, Mount Sinai, Heart Federation, Cleveland Clinic Locations: Stockholm, Florida, Mount Sinai, Mount, New York City
Yet some adult lifestyle factors still appeared to be linked with improved cognitive performance and slower aging of the brain. “We are now looking into whether different constellations of brain ageing features are driven by particular subsets of risk factors.”As a researcher of the aging brain, Dr. Richard Isaacson said, the new paper spoke to him. There is a robust body of research on key differences in lifestyle that may contribute to differences in an aging brain. Adding a heart-healthy diet to your routine also can help slow brain aging and reduce dementia risk. “Those things may not exactly cause Alzheimer’s, but it can fast forward cognitive aging and fast forward cognitive decline.
Persons: ” Simon Cox, , ” Cox, , Richard Isaacson, Isaacson, Dr, Sanjay Gupta Organizations: CNN —, Genomic Press, BMI, University of Edinburgh, CNN, CNN Health Locations: York, Lothian, Scotland, Florida
Among participants who experienced excessive daytime sleepiness and a lack of enthusiasm, 35.5% developed motoric cognitive risk syndrome compared with 6.7% of people without those problems, according to the study published Wednesday in the journal Neurology. “Establishing the relationship between sleep dysfunction and MCR risk is important because early intervention may offer the best hope for preventing dementia,” the authors said. Over a follow-up period of roughly three years on average, 36 participants developed motoric cognitive risk syndrome. But when the authors considered the seven sleep components separately, only daytime dysfunction was associated with 3.3 times higher risk of MCR. Spires-Jones pointed out that for the potential link between daytime dysfunction and MCR, reverse causation is also possible.
Persons: , Dr, Victoire Leroy, Leroy, Richard Isaacson, Richardson wasn’t, Tara Spires, Jones, wasn’t, Isaacson, ” Leroy, , neurotoxins, Lewy, you’re, Organizations: CNN, Tours University Hospital, New, Central Control, Mobility, Centre, Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh Locations: France, Westchester County, Pittsburgh, Florida, Scotland, MCR
CNN —A combined blood test for cognitive decline has a 90% accuracy rate in determining whether memory loss is due to Alzheimer’s disease, a new study found. “The p-tau217 blood test is turning out to be the most specific for Alzheimer’s and the one with the most validity. “These are absolutely transformational times.”How does a p-tau217 blood test work? The results of the blood tests were then measured against patient diagnoses provided by Swedish primary care doctors and specialists. “There’s no one more bullish on these tests than I am, but Alzheimer’s blood tests aren’t fully definitive yet,” he said.
Persons: CNN —, Sebastian Palmqvist, ” Palmqvist, , Maria Carrillo, Carrillo, “ You’re, that’s, ” Carrillo, , ” Tau tangles, Richard Isaacson, Oskar Hansson, ” Hansson, Hansson, Isaacson, ” Isaacson Organizations: CNN, Lund University, , Alzheimer’s Association, International Conference Locations: Sweden, Alzheimer’s, Florida, United States, Philadelphia
CNN —Scientists announced in December the successful creation of the Brain Care Score, a tool for assessing dementia or stroke risk without medical procedures. That score, which also helps patients and doctors identify beneficial lifestyle changes, may now also be able to predict the odds of developing depression later in life, according to a new study. The 21-point Brain Care Score, or BCS, refers to how a person fares on 12 health-related factors regarding physical, lifestyle and social-emotional components of health. “The Brain Care Score is a simple tool designed to help anyone in the world answer the question, ‘What can I do to take better care of my brain?’” said study author Dr. Jonathan Rosand, cofounder of the McCance Center for Brain Health at Massachusetts General Hospital and lead developer of the BCS, in a news release. The higher a participant’s score, the lower their risk of brain disease.
Persons: , ’ ”, Jonathan Rosand, Richard Isaacson, Isaacson, , we’ve, ” Isaacson, Sanjula Singh, that’s Organizations: CNN —, Psychiatry, McCance, Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, BCS, Harvard Medical School Locations: , Massachusetts, Boston, United Kingdom, Florida
However, a new study finds regular use of fish oil supplements may increase, not reduce, the risk of first-time stroke and atrial fibrillation among people in good cardiovascular health. Nearly one-third of those people, who were followed for an average of 12 years, said they regularly used fish oil supplements. Over-the-counter fish oil suffers from a lack of purity and consistency, as well as the potential contaminants and heavy metals such as mercury that come with fish, Freeman said. “In addition, studies over the last 10 years have not been very positive for over-the-counter fish oil,” he added. “Fish oil was either having no benefit or in some cases it may harm, such as with stroke and AFib.
Persons: ’ ”, Andrew Freeman, , , Freeman, that’s, ” Freeman, sasirin, Richard Isaacson, Isaacson, Chia, ” Isaacson Organizations: CNN, Jewish Health, Costco, Food and Drug Administration, US, NSF International Locations: United States, Denver, United Kingdom, Boca Raton , Florida, Lake
Blood biomarkers of telltale signs of early Alzheimer’s disease in the brain of his patient, 55-year-old entrepreneur Simon Nicholls, had all but disappeared in a mere 14 months. “I don’t use the term ‘reverse.’ I don’t know what reverse means when it comes to the field of Alzheimer’s,” Isaacson said. ‘It was time to turn to my brain’Slowly, Nicholls’ heart condition began to improve, but the bad news didn’t end there. A brain scan found telltale signs of vascular damage in Nicholls’ brain, which occurs when the tiniest blood vessels are starved of oxygen. Not only was Nicholls blood negative for amyloid and tau, the test suggested that his brain amyloid might be normal, with no distinguishable signs of the disease.
Persons: Sanjay Gupta, Anderson Cooper ”, Richard Isaacson, Simon Nicholls, , , Isaacson, “ Simon, ” Isaacson, Nicholls, ” Nicholls, Anderson Cooper, It’s, APOE4, Simon, ” Simon Nicholls, Sylver, Lewy, Richard Isaacson ‘, APOE ε4, “ I’ve, Isaacson doesn’t, “ I’m, Shocked, Dr, we’d, “ It’s, Salvadore, Richard Isaacson “, ‘ It’s, I’m Organizations: CNN, telltale, ” CNN, Boca Raton Locations: Boca Raton , Florida, New York City, Florida, Nature, Miami, Isaacson’s Florida, tirzepatide
Having a routine job with little mental stimulation during your 30s, 40s, 50s and 60s was linked to a 66% higher risk of mild cognitive impairment and a 37% greater risk of dementia after the age of 70, according to the study, when compared with having a job with high cognitive and interpersonal demands. Attending college, for example, reduced the impact of a repetitive job by about 60% but didn’t fully negate the risk. Routine jobs that were not classified as “cognitively protective” often involved repetitive manual and mental tasks, such as is typical of factory work and bookkeeping. “Most people in routine jobs in our sample included housekeepers, custodians, construction workers and mail carriers,” Edwin said. More cognitively demanding jobs were not based on routine tasks, even though repetition was required at times.
Persons: , Dr, Trine Edwin, Edwin said, Richard Isaacson, Isaacson, ” Edwin, Edwin, It’s, ” Isaacson Organizations: CNN, Oslo University Hospital, American Academy of Neurology, Locations: Norway, Florida
How to fight dementia, according to neurologists
  + stars: | 2024-02-12 | by ( Sandee Lamotte | ) edition.cnn.com   time to read: +17 min
What about diabetes, cancer, thyroid disease, high blood pressure or heart disease? Some of the questions might seem unexpected to those who don’t write about brain health. However, my risk of developing vascular dementia, the second most common type after Alzheimer’s disease, is elevated. "Such spikes cause brain inflammation, disrupt brain metabolism and increase shrinkage of the thinking part of the brain," Isaacson said. The National Institute on Aging currently supports nearly 500 active clinical trials on Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias.
Persons: Louise Dittner, Krysta, Ryan LaMotte, It’s, , Natalia Rost, , Rost, ” Rost, Richard Isaacson, ” Isaacson, mockingbird …, birthed, it’s, I’ve, Isaacson, Sandee LaMotte Organizations: CNN, Comprehensive, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, American Academy of Neurology, Boca Raton, Weill Cornell Medicine, Presbyterian, Mayo Clinic, Volunteers, Alzheimer’s, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health Locations: Massachusetts, Boston, neonatologists, Florida, United, New York, New York City, Nature
CNN —Living a healthy lifestyle with a focus on a nutritious diet, regular exercise, minimum alcohol consumption and other healthy habits can help keep your brain sharp into old age, doctors say. But what if your brain already has signs of beta amyloid or tau — two of the hallmark signs of Alzheimer’s and other brain pathologies? Will a healthy lifestyle still protect you from cognitive decline? Not everyone who has signs of Alzheimer’s or vascular dementia goes on to develop cognitive issues, but many do. In fact, “a higher healthy lifestyle score was associated with better cognition even after accounting for the combined burden of brain pathologies,” according to Yaffe and Leng.
Persons: , Dr, Klodian, Richard Isaacson, , Isaacson, wasn’t, , Kobus, Lewy, Yue Leng, Kristine Yaffe, Yaffe, San Francisco Weill Institute for Neurosciences . Leng, Leng, it’s Organizations: CNN, Rush Institute, Healthy Aging, Rush University, , University of California, San Francisco Weill Institute for Neurosciences . Locations: Chicago, Florida, San
All five adults had growth hormone deficiency as children and received pituitary growth hormones prepared in a specific way from cadavers. The treatment approach was discontinued after cases of a rare brain disorder called Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease were found to be associated with the administration of contaminated human growth hormone from cadavers. Although Alzheimer’s is not a prion disease, some separate research suggests that the two proteins that are hallmarks in Alzheimer’s disease — amyloid beta and tau — behave like prions. “This study suggests that in very rare circumstances Alzheimer’s disease may be transmitted between humans via human growth hormone from deceased donors. “I’m also intrigued by how these results may inform potential therapeutic targets and strategies in the future,” Isaacson said, regarding Alzheimer’s disease.
Persons: John Collinge, Jakob, Creutzfeldt – Jakob, Alzheimer’s, ” Collinge, , , ” Dr, Susan Kohlhaas, ” Kohlhaas, “ It’s, Dr, Richard Isaacson, , Isaacson, “ I’m, ” Isaacson, , Gargi Banerjee, ” Banerjee, James Galvin, Sanjay Gupta, ” Galvin, Lewy Organizations: CNN, Nature, University College London Institute, University College London, National Hospital for Neurology, Neurosurgery, Alzheimer’s Research, Science Media, Comprehensive, Brain Health, University of Miami Health, CNN Health Locations: United Kingdom, United States, United, Florida, UHealth, Creutzfeldt
Alzheimer’s disease, a brain disorder that affects memory and thinking skills, is the most common type of dementia, according to the National Institutes of Health. “A blood test being negative speeds up the investigation for other causes of the symptoms and this is just as important,” Ashton said. Isaacson, who has researched blood biomarkers in people with no or minimal cognitive complaints, likened testing blood samples for signs of Alzheimer’s disease to how people undergo routine blood tests for high cholesterol. It is possible that currently available treatments for Alzheimer’s disease would work better in those diagnosed early in this way,” he said. The combination of a simple screening test with an effective treatment for Alzheimer’s disease would have a dramatic impact for individuals and for society.”
Persons: ” Nicholas Ashton, Ashton, , Kaj Blennow, Henrik Zetterberg, antiamyloid, immunoassay, ” Ashton, Richard Isaacson, ” Isaacson, Isaacson, , , Dr, Sanjay Gupta, David Curtis, ” Curtis Organizations: CNN, University of Gothenburg, National Institutes of Health, Quest Diagnostics, Alzheimer’s, Alzheimer’s Association, Get CNN, CNN Health, University College London, Science Media Locations: Sweden, United States, Wisconsin, Pau, Florida
The 21-point Brain Care Score refers to how a person fares on 12 health-related factors concerning physical, lifestyle and social-emotional components of health, according to the study published December 1 in the journal Frontiers in Neurology. Those in their 50s had a 32% lower risk of dementia and a 52% lower chance of stroke. Participants older than 59 had the lowest estimates, with an 8% lower risk of dementia and a 33% lower risk of stroke. But in terms of explaining the overall findings, many past studies have affirmed the benefits of these health components for brain health. “But as scientists, we always want to see proof.”Participating in studies like this one can be a good way to manage your brain health, Isaacson said — especially if you have limited access to health care.
Persons: , Jonathan Rosand, Kistler, , Richard Isaacson, Isaacson wasn’t, ” Isaacson, it’s, , Isaacson, ” Rosand, Organizations: CNN, BCS, McCance, Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, National Institutes of Health Locations: Massachusetts, United States, United Kingdom, Florida
CNN —Inflammation from belly fat may be linked to the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease decades before symptoms begin, new research has found. “That’s important because brain atrophy is another biomarker of Alzheimer’s disease,” Raji said. “These are people who, if they do develop Alzheimer’s disease, it won’t happen for another 20 or 25 more years. “Regardless of weight, people should find out if they have hidden visceral fat,” Raji said. Visceral fat ‘easier to lose’There’s good news: Visceral fat responds well to diet and exercise, Raji said.
Persons: , , Richard Isaacson, Isaacson, Cyrus Raji, St . Louis, ” Raji, Dr, Mahsa, Raji, ” Isaacson, It’s Organizations: CNN, Washington University School of Medicine, Radiology Society, Cleveland Clinic, Mayo Clinic Locations: Florida, St .
Just how harmful or helpful hormone replacement therapy may be also depends on the type of hormones that are prescribed, especially at older ages. Estrogen-only hormone therapy can be prescribed if the uterus has been removed via hysterectomy. Scientists are developing a new generation of hormone replacement called selective estrogen receptor modulator, or SERM. Scientists are working on new forms of hormone replacement therapy that go directly to the brain, thus making them safer for menopausal women. In addition, some women are not candidates for hormone replacement therapy, perhaps due to family history, heart conditions or clotting disorders.
Persons: hasn’t, , , Lisa Mosconi, Mosconi, Richard Isaacson, ” Isaacson, gynecologists, midlife, ” Mosconi Organizations: CNN, Weill Cornell Medicine, Locations: New York City, midlife, Florida
CNN —Loss of slow-wave sleep as you age may increase your risk of developing dementia, according to a new study. Slow-wave sleep is the third stage of sleep, which is important for brain health. Each percentage decrease in slow-wave sleep per year was linked with a 27% increased risk of developing dementia and a 32% higher risk of Alzheimer’s disease dementia. The rate of slow-wave sleep loss accelerated from age 60, peaked from ages 75 to 80 and slowed afterward. “This is an important study yet again showing the impact of quality of sleep on a person’s risk of cognitive decline and dementia,” Isaacson said.
Persons: , Matthew P, Pase, , Richard Isaacson, Isaacson wasn’t, ” Pase, ” Isaacson, it’s, Rudolph Tanzi, Tanzi wasn’t, Pase’s Organizations: CNN, Monash University, Framingham Heart Study, US, Blood Institute, Study, Genetics, Aging Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Locations: Australia, Florida, Framingham, Massachusetts
Opinion: A boast that could sink Trump
  + stars: | 2023-05-21 | by ( Richard Galant | ) edition.cnn.com   time to read: +20 min
We’re looking back at the strongest, smartest opinion takes of the week from CNN and other outlets. CNN —“I’m the one that got rid of Roe v. Wade,” former President Donald Trump boasted Tuesday on Newsmax. Congress has the power to rein in the court, wrote CNN legal analyst and law professor Steve Vladeck, whose new book “The Shadow Docket” focuses on the Supreme Court. Courtesy Boaz FreundIn 2019, then-President Trump issued an executive order requiring hospitals to post the prices of common medical services and procedures. For some, its celebration of a multiracial but purely fictional British aristocracy may even be a big part of its appeal.”As escapism, “Queen Charlotte” is a success.
He seems to have been protected by a rare gene change that enhanced the function of a protein that helps nerve cells communicate. Scientists say that understanding how this gene change defended his brain may help prevent Alzheimer’s in other people. “Another big insight from this case is, it seems like maybe you don’t need this everywhere in the brain,” Arboleda-Velasquez said. This is the pathway that is important for extreme protection against Alzheimer’s,’ ” Arboleda-Velasquez said. The sister of the man in the new study also shared the rare protective gene change, and it helped her, but not as much.
If the sleep apnea is severe and untreated, people have three times the risk of dying from any cause. People with severe sleep apnea who spent less time in deep, also known as slow-wave sleep, had more damage to the white matter of the brain than people who had more slow-wave sleep, according to the study. “The association with sleep apnea was only unveiled when we isolated severe cases, suggesting that mild to moderate sleep apnea may not be significantly associated with white matter changes,” he said. About 34% of the participants had mild sleep apnea, 32% had moderate and 34% had severe sleep apnea. People with sleep apnea, however, can have dozens of micro-awakenings during the night as they snore, snort or gasp for breath.
Getty ImagesResearch has been exploring how the eye may help in diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease before symptoms begin. “Alzheimer’s disease begins in the brain decades before the first symptoms of memory loss,” said Dr. Richard Isaacson, an Alzheimer’s preventive neurologist who is also at the Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Researchers then compared samples from donors with normal cognitive function to those with mild cognitive impairment and those with later-stage Alzheimer’s disease. The study, published in February in the journal Acta Neuropathologica, found significant increases in beta-amyloid, a key marker of Alzheimer’s disease, in people with both Alzheimer’s and early cognitive decline. Tissue atrophy and inflammation in cells in the far periphery of the retina were most predictive of cognitive status, the study found.
It involved 1,795 adults, ages 50 to 90, with mild cognitive impairment due to early Alzheimer’s disease or mild Alzheimer’s disease-related dementia. Such a score is consistent with early Alzheimer’s disease, with a higher number associated with more cognitive impairment. By 18 months, the CDR-SB score went up 1.21 points in the lecanemab group, compared with 1.66 in the placebo group. Overall, there were serious adverse events in 14% of the lecanemab group and 11.3% of the placebo group. The researchers also wrote that about 0.7% of participants in the lecanemab group and 0.8% of those in the placebo group died, corresponding to six deaths documented in the lecanemab group and seven in the placebo group.
CNN —A monoclonal antibody treatment for Alzheimer’s disease called lecanemab slows the progression of cognitive decline by 27% compared with a placebo, drugmakers Biogen and Eisai said Tuesday. Alzheimer’s is a very heterogeneous disease.”But he says that does not diminish the potential significance of the trial. “In the past, reducing amyloid in the brain has not always been tied to cognitive improvements or any meaningful clinical improvements. Biogen is also the company behind another Alzheimer’s drug, Aduhelm, which was controversially approved by the FDA in June 2021. Aduhelm was the first new Alzheimer’s drug approved in nearly 20 years, but there were questions about its efficacy and cost.
CNN —Shrooms, Alice, tweezes, mushies, hongos, pizza toppings, magic mushrooms — everyday lingo for psychedelic mushrooms seems to grow with each generation. Yet leading mycologist Paul Stamets believes it’s time for fans of psilocybin mushrooms to leave such childish slang behind. “The SSRI did not increase brain connectivity, and it actually did not improve well-being as much as psilocybin,” Nutt said. A typical microdose is 0.1 to 0.3 grams of dried psilocybin mushrooms, as compared with the 25-milligram pill of psilocybin that creates the full-blown psychedelic experience. “Our hope is that we can use this information to ultimately make drugs that mimic the benefits of psychedelic drugs without the psychedelic experience,” Roth said.
Persons: CNN — Shrooms, Alice, tweezes, Paul Stamets, , ” Stamets, , Richard Isaacson, ” Isaacson, Pamela Kryskow, pharmacologist Brian Roth, Matthew Johnson, ” Johnson, David Nutt, Nutt, ” Nutt, you’ve, Johnson, they’ve, microdosing, microdosers, “ I’m, Harriet de Wit, Wit, Frederick Barrett, ” Barnes, Roth, ” Roth Organizations: CNN, US Food and Drug Administration, Prevention, Center for Brain Health, Florida Atlantic University, University of North, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, , microdosing, University of Chicago, National Institute on Drug, Center, Research, Johns Hopkins Locations: University of North Carolina,
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