Pope Pius XII, who led the Catholic Church from 1939 until 1958, never went beyond allusions to the Nazi genocide in his public statements. Photo: Associated PressROME—For decades, controversy over why Pope Pius XII didn’t speak out against the Nazi Holocaust has troubled the Catholic Church. New research has revealed evidence that an antisemitic Vatican aide played a role in the wartime pope’s silence, as did fear of provoking violence against Catholics under Nazi rule and against the Vatican itself.

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Persons: Pope Pius XII, Pope Pius XII didn’t Organizations: Catholic Church, Associated, Nazi Holocaust, Nazi, Vatican