There is a reason so many Jews cannot stop shaking right now. The concept of intergenerational trauma doesn’t begin to describe the dark place into which this month’s attack plunged Jewish communities around the world. Many American Jews, like Jews around the world, are descendants of those who survived. As was true in ancient times, the ties between global Jewish communities and Israel are concrete, specific, intimate and personal. Millions of American Jews, not to mention Jews in Britain, France, Australia and elsewhere, have friends and relatives in Israel.

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Persons: Leo Frank, hadn’t, Israel, We’ve Organizations: Spanish, New Jersey Jewish, State Department Locations: Israel, Yom Kippur, Baghdad, Ukraine, Georgia, Spanish, Lodz, Kyiv, Aleppo, Tehran, New Jersey, Ofakim, Britain, France, Australia