Their fiercest fight is taking place for the city of Bakhmut, besieged for months by Russian forces.
As a CNN team drove in on the heavily trafficked main road, a Russian artillery shell landed on a building just a few dozen yards away.
Much of this war is fought avoiding the incessant Russian artillery threat.
Ukrainian soldiers watch a real-time feed from a drone as they target artillery strikes on Russian positions.
Further toward the front, in a treeline bordering farmland, is the Ukrainian artillery unit on the other end of the phones with the basement.