The plan envisages a 14-fold increase in the number of charging stations, climbing to 1 million by 2030 from around 70,000 now.
It also aims to have 15 million electric vehicles on German roads by 2030 from around 1.5 million now.
Other measures in the government's plan include speeding up state approvals to build charging points.
The electric vehicle push comes against a backdrop of surging electricity prices, resulting from an energy crisis fuelled by Russia's invasion of Ukraine.
The electric vehicle plan drew a mixed reaction from industry associations, which have long complained that the government has not kept pace with the rapid expansion of electric vehicles.