The Palestinian Ministry of Health in Gaza put the figure at 37,877 at the time.
This means the ministry has underreported the death toll due to violence by approximately 41%, the researchers found.
HRW and Amnesty International have both accused Israel of committing genocide against Palestinians in Gaza, which Israel strongly denies.
Eight people in total have died of hypothermia, according to health officials in the enclave, including a 2-year-old toddler and a nurse.
Aid group Médecins Sans Frontières said on Wednesday that three hospitals in Gaza, Nasser hospital, Al-Aqsa hospital and European Gaza hospital, are on the verge of closure due to a lack of fuel.
Persons:
Eyad Baba, LSHTM, Zeina Jamaluddine, ”, Israel, Frontières, Nasser
Organizations:
CNN, London School of Hygiene, Tropical Medicine, Palestinian Ministry of Health, Getty, Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International, International Court of Justice, Gaza
Locations:
Gaza, Aqsa, Deir el, Balah, AFP, Palestinian, Al