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Magnetospheres are the protective bubbles around planets like Earth that have magnetic cores and magnetic fields, and they are driven by the planet’s magnetic field. Voyager 2’s data showed that Uranus’ magnetosphere was home to unexpectedly powerful electron radiation belts. Voyager 2’s observations of Uranus’ magnetosphere defied the way astronomers understand how magnetic fields trap energetic particles and their radiation. The first panel (left) of this artist's concept depicts how Uranus' protective magnetosphere behaved prior to Voyager 2's flyby. Fortunately, sending a dedicated mission to study Uranus in the future has become a priority for NASA, according to a report released in 2022.
Persons: , Jamie Jasinski, ” Jasinski, It’s, Linda Spilker, Spilker, ” Spilker, James Webb Organizations: CNN, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, NASA, JPL, Caltech, Orbiter, Probe Locations: Pasadena , California
In this case, filaments radiate away from a “zombie star” the explosion created. Then, in 2023, astronomers spied weird filaments glowing with light from sulfur within the nebula. Scientists know the supernova created the filaments, but it’s unclear how or when the structures formed. The robust data that the instrument captured allowed the team to measure the motions of each filament and create a 3D map. The Keck Cosmic Web Imager enabled measurements of the velocity of any material within the nebula that emits light.
Persons: , Christopher Martin, “ KCWI, Dana Patchick, Patchick, NASA’s, Albert Zijlstra, Ilaria Caiazzo, Tim Cunningham, Zijlstra, Cunningham, ” Cunningham, James Webb, Takatoshi Ko, Ko Organizations: CNN, Keck, California Institute of Technology, Survey, University of Manchester, Pa, Institute of Science, Technology, NASA Hubble, Center, Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, Southern, Research Center, University of Tokyo Locations: Hawaii, England, Technology Austria
One of Euclid’s primary goals is to observe dark matter and dark energy. While dark matter has never been detected, it is believed to make up 85% of the total matter in the universe. Meanwhile, dark energy is a mysterious force thought to play a role in the accelerating expansion of the universe. Rhodes is the US science lead for Euclid and principal investigator for NASA’s Euclid dark energy science team. “The images capture detail from clusters of stars near an individual galaxy to some of the largest structures in the universe.
Persons: , Valeria Pettorino, James Webb, Jason Rhodes, Rhodes, Euclid, Georges Lemaître, Edwin Hubble, Mike Seiffert Organizations: CNN, European Space Agency, Southern Hemisphere, ESA, International Astronautical, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, JPL, NASA Locations: Milan, Italy, Pasadena , California
CNN —New observations of Jupiter’s Great Red Spot captured by the Hubble Space Telescope show that the 190-year-old storm wiggles like gelatin and shape-shifts like a squeezed stress ball. Although storms are generally considered unstable, the Great Red Spot has persisted for nearly two centuries. Recently, a separate team of astronomers peered into the heart of the Great Red Spot using the James Webb Space Telescope to capture new details in infrared light. The Great Red Spot seems to wiggle like a bowl of gelatin over the 90-day period. NASA/ESA/STScI/Amy SimonThe new Hubble study fills in more pieces of the puzzle about the Great Red Spot, Fletcher said.
Persons: Hubble, it’s, , Amy Simon, we’ve, ” Simon, James Webb, Leigh Fletcher, Simon, ” Fletcher, Joseph DePasquale, Mike Wong, , Wong, Fletcher Organizations: CNN, Hubble, Science, Planetary Sciences, Goddard Space Flight, NASA, ESA, of Geophysical Research, UK’s University of Leicester, University of California Locations: Boise , Idaho, Greenbelt , Maryland, Berkeley
Read previewNASA's James Webb Space Telescope floored astronomers and spectators across the globe when it released its first full-color images. Even those preliminary snapshots revealed countless stars, galaxies, and fine details that hadn't been seen before. A side-by-side collage of the same area taken by Hubble and the James Webb Space Telescope in its very first image. In the JWST image, you can see galaxies in the background that were invisible to HubbleA few galaxies that are clearly visible in the JWST image, but not the Hubble image. The JWST image also revealed the stellar nurseries created as galaxies mergeThe JWST image shows a region of gas compressed between merging galaxies.
Persons: , James Webb, Webb, Joseph DePasquale, JWST, hadn't, Eric Smith, Hubble, STScI Webb, Mark McCaughrean, McCaughrean, Amber Straughn, Jane Rigby, we've Organizations: Service, Business, NASA, ESA, CSA, Hubble, James Webb Space, Hubble Heritage, European Space Agency Locations: JWST
The star is one of a binary pair, so the planet orbits the primary star, while the primary star orbits a secondary star. While Jupiter takes 4,000 Earth days to complete one orbit around the sun, hot Jupiters complete one orbit every few days. Astronomers use “eccentric” to refer to the shape of a planet’s orbit on a scale from zero to 1. “It’s a pretty extreme process in that the changes to the planet’s orbit are massive,” Millholland said. Discovering a second hot Jupiter precursor is helping astronomers to confirm the idea that high-mass gas giants transform into hot Jupiters as they migrate from eccentric to circular orbits, the researchers said.
Persons: , , Arvind Gupta, NOIRLab, Gupta, Suvrath Mahadevan, Verne, Willaman, Jason Wright, ” Wright, ” Gupta, Sarah Millholland, , ” Millholland, Wright, James Webb Organizations: CNN —, Penn State, Astronomy, Mercury, NASA, Massachusetts Institute, Technology’s Kavli, for Astrophysics, Space Research, chrysalis Locations: Kitt, Arizona
Fast-forward to seventh century East Anglia in the United Kingdom, where an Anglo-Saxon warrior king was buried alongside exquisite goods within a massive ship. Researchers are hoping to reconstruct the ship — and it’s not the only vessel gaining new life centuries after disappearing from time. Emily Harris/Zayed National MuseumUsing a supply list written on a clay tablet, a team of experts in the United Arab Emirates has reconstructed a Bronze Age ship. Once upon a planetScientists excavated a 52,000-year-old woolly mammoth skin from the Siberian permafrost. Love Dalén/Stockholm UniversityThe freezing temperatures of the Siberian permafrost preserved a piece of 52,000-year-old woolly mammoth skin so well that it contains a first-of-its-kind genetic treasure trove.
Persons: it’s, Emily Harris, Shipwrights, Jacob, Alex Braczkowski, Griffith University Jacob, Tibu, Butch Wilmore, Suni Williams, James Webb, Ashley Strickland, Katie Hunt Organizations: CNN, East, Zayed National, United Arab Emirates, Zayed National Museum, Griffith University, Uganda’s Queen Elizabeth, International Space Station, NASA, Boeing, European Space Agency, James Webb Space, Penguin, , CNN Space, Science Locations: Siberia, East Anglia, United Kingdom, Persian, Mesopotamia, Zayed, Abu Dhabi, Sweden, Denmark, Peru, Machu Picchu, Uganda’s, Stockholm, Western Australia
CNN —The James Webb Space Telescope has captured a stunning new view of two galaxies, nicknamed the Penguin and the Egg, locked in a cosmic dance to mark the observatory’s second anniversary. Launched on December 25, 2021, the Webb telescope shared its first science observations of the universe on July 12, 2022. Astronomers estimate that the Penguin and the Egg galaxies first interacted 25 million to 75 million years ago. NASA/ESA/CSA/STScI NASA/ESA/CSA/STScI Arp 142 Hubble Webb NASA, ESA, CSA, STScIInitially, the Penguin looked like a spiral, but over time, its appearance has been reshaped through interactions with the Egg galaxy. Meanwhile, the oval-shaped Egg galaxy remains much the same.
Persons: James Webb, Webb, Bill Nelson, Arp, , Mark Clampin, “ Webb Organizations: CNN, Telescope, Penguin, NASA, Hubble, ESA, CSA, Hubble Webb NASA, NASA’s Astrophysics
Read previewTwo years ago today, NASA unveiled the first full-color space images captured by the James Webb Space Telescope. Webb's raw telescope images can look like empty black boxes when they first beam back to Earth. NASA/ESA/CSA/STScIDePasquale is a principal science visuals developer at the Space Telescope Science Institute. He processed some of the very first Webb images that the public got to see. They're able to resolve very small details in these really distant objects," like the Tarantula Nebula, DePasquale told Business Insider.
Persons: , James Webb, Joe DePasquale, DePasquale, Webb, David Higginbotham, Webb peered, Joseph DePasquale, Anton M, Alyssa Pagan Organizations: Service, NASA, James Webb Space, Business, JWST, ESA, CSA, Telescope Science, Hubble
Now, data from the James Webb Space Telescope has revealed another intriguing feature of the planet known as HD 189733b: It smells like rotten eggs. Located only 64 light-years from Earth, HD 189733b is the nearest hot Jupiter that astronomers can study as the planet passes in front of its star. HD 189733b only takes about two Earth days to complete a single orbit around its star, Fu said. Webb’s data also showed levels of heavy metals on HD 189733b that are similar to those found on Jupiter. “HD 189733b is a benchmark planet, but it represents just a single data point,” Fu said.
Persons: James Webb, , Guangwei Fu, Fu, ” Fu, Webb, they’re, Organizations: CNN, Johns Hopkins University
Piping Up at the Gates of Dawn
  + stars: | 2024-06-22 | by ( Dennis Overbye | ) www.nytimes.com   time to read: +1 min
Since the James Webb Space Telescope began operating two years ago, astronomers have been using it to leapfrog one another millions of years into the past, back toward the moment they call cosmic dawn, when the first stars and galaxies were formed. Last month, an international team doing research as the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey, or JADES, said it had identified the earliest, most distant galaxy yet found — a banana-shaped blob of color measuring 1,600 light-years across. It was already shining with intense starlight when the universe was in its relative infancy, at only 290 million years old, the astronomers said. The new galaxy, known as JADES-GS-z14-0, is one of a string of Webb discoveries, including early galaxies and black holes, that challenge conventional models of how the first stars and galaxies formed. “This discovery proves that luminous galaxies were already in place 300 million years after the Big Bang and are more common than what was expected,” the researchers wrote in a paper posted to an online physics archive.
Persons: James Webb, Webb Organizations: James Webb Space Telescope
“The James Webb Telescope: Are We Alone?” on The Whole Story With Anderson Cooper offers an inside look at the most powerful telescope ever built. The Beta Pictoris system, located just 63 light-years from Earth, has long intrigued astronomers because of its proximity and age. “So I was super excited to reobserve this system in 2023 using the James Webb Space Telescope,” Chen said. The dust was then pushed out of the planetary system by radiation from the central star, which is slightly hotter than our sun. But the powerful Webb telescope was unable to detect any dust.
Persons: James Webb, Anderson Cooper, Pictoris, Christine Chen, , , ” Chen, Beta, Chen, Webb, JWST, Cicero Lu, Johns Hopkins, Spitzer, Kadin Worthen, “ We’re Organizations: CNN, Beta, Johns Hopkins University, American Astronomical Society, Spitzer, Telescope, Johns, Johns Hopkins Locations: Baltimore, Madison , Wisconsin
Now, a new study that looked at 5 million stars in the Milky Way galaxy suggests that seven candidates could potentially be hosting Dyson spheres — a finding that’s attracting scrutiny and alternate theories. If Dyson spheres really exist, what could they be used for? “Freeman Dyson said that we should dismantle Jupiter — the whole planet (for the raw materials).”That supercolossal scale probably means that Dyson spheres, if they exist at all, are very rare. “However, contamination by circumstellar debris disks, which mimic Dyson Sphere infrared signatures, remains a concern,” he added in an email. However, he added, the radiation fingerprint of the seven Dyson sphere candidates might be explained by natural phenomena as well.
Persons: Freeman Dyson, , Dyson, Olaf Stapledon’s, George Dyson, , Freeman J, couldn’t, Matías Suazo, Suazo, , Webb, that’s, Gabriella Contardo, NASA’s James Webb, ” Suazo, “ Freeman Dyson, Jason Wright, James Webb, , Leslie Surginer, ” George Dyson, Tomotsugu Goto, Zaza Osmanov, ” Osmanov, George Organizations: CNN, Institute of, , , AP, Dyson, SETI Institute, Fermi, Accelerator Laboratory, Fermilab, Royal Astronomical Society, Uppsala University, NASA, Survey, JPL, ESA, European Space Agency, Micron, Sky Survey, University of Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, International School, Studies, Telescope, Penn State University, James Webb Space Telescope, William Press, Computer Science, University of Texas, Tsing Hua, SETI, of Physics, Free University of Tbilisi Locations: British, Princeton , New Jersey, Sweden, Trieste, Italy, Austin, Tsing Hua University, Taiwan, Georgia
CNN —Walking through “The Portal” — the immersive art experience that I have created at Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art in Bentonville, Arkansas — is like stepping into a mandala. Jared Sorrells/Crystal Bridges Museum of American ArtI also began to carve marble, mold clay and draw around the same time I began writing songs. Crystal Bridges Museum of American ArtHere, there is also a sculpture I made titled “CHILL,” made of lucite and filled with a variety of medications. Jewel - Dedication Meditation (Official Visualizer from "THE PORTAL: an art experience by Jewel")The journal is for each visitor to keep. Crystal Bridges Museum of American ArtTraditional art mediums like oil painting and sculpture are often viewed today with preconceived notions and judgments.
Persons: , Danny Goldberg, , Philip Thomas, I’m, Rod Bigelow, Alejo Benedetti, Crystal, , Melesio Casas, Jared Sorrells, I, I’ve, it’s, James Webb, Kase, Jewel ., Jewel Organizations: CNN, Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art, Atlantic Records, Crystal Bridges Museum of American, , Bridges Museum of American, James Webb Space Telescope, Bridges Museum of, Nova Sky Locations: Bentonville , Arkansas, Crystal, San Diego , California
CNN —The Hubble Space Telescope will transition to a new way of operating that aims to prevent the space observatory from experiencing lapses in its ability to observe the universe, according to NASA officials. The storied telescope, which has captured breathtaking images of the cosmos for 34 years, has traditionally operated using six gyroscopes. NASA's Hubble Space Telescope eyes the universe in May 2009 after one of the space shuttle missions to service the space observatory. Hubble is expected to operate into the mid-2030s, with its cosmic observations providing a complement to the work of the James Webb Space Telescope and future observatories that haven’t launched yet, Clampin said. “We do not see Hubble as being on its last legs,” Crouse said, “and we think it’s a very capable observatory.”
Persons: Mark Clampin, Hubble, Clampin, Patrick Crouse, Crouse, ” Clampin, James Webb, , ” Crouse Organizations: CNN, Hubble, NASA, Astrophysics, NASA's Hubble, Goddard Space Flight, James Webb Space Telescope Locations: Greenbelt , Maryland
WASP 107b: The exoplanet that shouldn't existAn artist's impression of WASP 107b passing in front of its host star. But models suggested that WASP 107b's core would be too small to have formed a gas giant. Scientific models didn't align with observationsHubble images of WASP 107b didn't solve the mystery of its large size and low density. Venom82Why it took astronomers years to understand WASP 107b's mysterious origins stems from what many astronomers face: a lack of information due to technological limits. But WASP 107b's surface temperature was cold enough that it should have had more methane than what JWST observed.
Persons: , they've, it's, David Sing, NASA's, Luis Welbanks, Sagan, James Webb, Welbanks —, Sing, Welbanks, Ralf Crawford, we're, Scott Gaudi, Gaudi, Olmsted, Russo Organizations: Service, Business, ESA, Hubble, NASA, Kornmesser, Bloomberg, Johns Hopkins University, WASP, NASA's Goddard Space Flight, ESO, Arizona State University, Telescope, Sing, WASP 107b's, CSA, JHU, Ohio State University
Here's a list of the people, companies, and terms you need to know to talk about AI, in alphabetical order. GPU: A computer chip, short for graphic processing unit, that companies use to train and deploy their AI models. Nvidia's GPUs are used by Microsoft and Meta to run their AI models. Multimodal: The ability for AI models to process text, images, and audio to generate an output. As a profession, prompt engineers are experts in fine tuning AI models on the backend to improve outputs.
Persons: , Sam Altman, Altman, OpenAI's, Dario Amodei, Claude, Demis, Hassabis, Jensen Huang, Satya, Mustafa Suleyman, OpenAI, Elon Musk, Sam Bankman, Peter Thiel, Bard, James Webb, empiricists Organizations: Service, Business, OpenAI, Google, Nvidia, Microsoft, Bing, Meta, James Webb Space Telescope Locations: OpenAI, Anthropic
Read previewNASA's James Webb Space Telescope has detected three galaxies as they were likely forming during the universe's infancy, the space agency said Thursday. And it's all thanks to the tremendous observing power of the James Webb Telescope. AdvertisementThe James Webb Space Telescope helps astronomers study the very early universe. The Cosmic Dark AgesJames Webb Space Telescope has revealed 45,000 galaxies in this image, hundreds of which have never been seen until now. Astronomers study the Era of Reionization to understand the very early moments in our universe when galaxies and stars first formed and how.
Persons: , James Webb, Webb, Kasper Heintz, NASA Heintz, Brant Robertson, Ben Johnson, Sandro Tacchella, Marcia Rieke, Daniel Eisenstein, Heintz Organizations: Service, NASA, Business, James Webb Telescope, University of Copenhagen, James Webb Space Telescope, ESA, CSA, UC, UC Santa Cruz, CfA, University of Arizona Locations: Denmark, UC Santa, Cambridge
CNN —Two teams of scientists have discovered a theoretically habitable planet, smaller than Earth but bigger than Venus, orbiting a small star about 40 light-years away. Working on the assumption that the exoplanet doesn’t have an atmosphere, scientists calculated its surface temperature to be around 107 degrees Fahrenheit (42 degrees Celsius). Once temperate Earth-size planets have been identified, scientists can then analyze them to determine which elements are contained in their atmospheres and, crucially, whether water is present to sustain life. This method involves capturing starlight that shines through an exoplanet’s atmosphere and seeing which wavelengths are absorbed by certain molecules, revealing their presence in the atmosphere. As well as shedding light on the exoplanet itself, Palethorpe said scientists are hoping that this work can help us understand our own planet better.
Persons: “ We’ve, , Masayuki Kuzuhara, Akihiko Fukui, , ” Larissa Palethorpe, , Palethorpe, James Webb Organizations: CNN, Royal Astronomical Society, Astrobiology, University of Tokyo, University of Edinburgh and University College London, James Webb Space Telescope Locations: Tokyo,
An international coalition of astronomers has newly discovered an unusual planet, dubbed WASP-193b, that’s about 50% bigger than Jupiter and somehow still the second lightest planet ever found. Because of how small the mass signal was, it took the team four years to gather data and calculate WASP-193b’s mass, Barkaoui explained. Eventually the team discovered the planet’s mass is a measly 14% that of Jupiter, despite being so much bigger. But a bigger size means a bigger “extended atmosphere,” said study coauthor Julien de Wit, an associate professor of planetary science at MIT. “WASP-193b is an outlier of all planets discovered to date,” he said.
Persons: puffy, Kepler, Jupiters, Khalid Barkaoui, James Webb, , Barkaoui, Francisco Pozuelos, Julien de Wit, Wit, Stone, puffy Jupiters, it’s Organizations: CNN, James Webb Space Telescope, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, WASP, Spain’s Institute of Astrophysics, MIT Locations: Andalucia
But Google's Tuesday video shows one of the major pitfalls of AI: wrong, not just bad, advice. A minute into the flashy, quick-paced video, Gemini AI in Google Search presented a factual error first spotted by The Verge. Professional photographers — or anyone who has used a film camera — know that this is a terrible idea. AdvertisementEarlier this year, the Gemini chatbot was hammered for refusing to produce pictures of white people. Last year, users of Bing, Microsoft's AI chatbot, reported strange interactions with the bot.
Persons: , Bard chatbot, James Webb, Bing Organizations: Service, Google, Gemini, Business, Google Google, Telescope, gaslight, Companies, Air Canada
The nebula, 3,400 light-years away in the Perseus constellation, is an expanding shell of gases kicked out by a dying red giant star. Before the aging red giant star collapsed, it released a ring of gas and dust. The companion star, once in orbit around the red giant, is nowhere to be seen in Hubble’s image. Since collapsing, the red giant star has transformed into a dead stellar remnant known as an ultra-dense white dwarf star. “The space telescope is the most scientifically productive space astrophysics mission in NASA history,” according to a NASA release.
Persons: Charles Messier, Pierre Méchain, Hubble, James Webb Organizations: CNN, Hubble, NASA
Observations from the European Space Agency’s Cheops space telescope, or Characterising ExOplanet Satellite, detected a “glory effect” on WASP-76b, an ultra-hot exoplanet 637 light-years from Earth. Cheops captured data from WASP-76b as the planet passed in front of its star, making 23 observations over three years. But the glory effect is created as light moves through a narrow opening and bends, creating colorful, patterned rings. An artist's illustration shows the night-side view of the exoplanet WASP-76b, where iron rains down from the sky. Lueftinger said she believes that the James Webb Space Telescope or Ariel may be able to help prove the presence of the glory effect on WASP-76b.
Persons: Cheops, , Olivier Demangeon, Wilson, ” Demangeon, Matthew Standing, , , Theresa Lueftinger, Lueftinger, James Webb, Ariel Organizations: CNN —, WASP, Astrophysics, of Astrophysics, Space Sciences, ESA, Hubble, Spitzer, Telescope, European Space Agency, , James Webb Space Locations: Portugal, Cheops
NASA's James Webb Space Telescope has unlocked a window into our universe unlike any before. Using its powerful infrared vision, JWST can peer into the hearts of stellar nurseries. JWST reveals how stars, planets, and potentially life itself, form in our universe. NEW LOOK Sign up to get the inside scoop on today’s biggest stories in markets, tech, and business — delivered daily. Stellar nurseries, where new stars bloom to life, are thick clouds of gas and dust, a.k.a.
Persons: NASA's James Webb, , James Webb, Klaus Pontoppidan, they're Organizations: Service, Jet Propulsion Laboratory
But a Canadian research group said the planet is likely too hot for liquid water. Related storiesA liquid ocean is the preferred premise set out in a paper published in the journal Astronomy & Astrophysics. NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, Tea Temim (Princeton University)The James Webb telescope has played a key role in advancing the search for habitable planets beyond Earth. AdvertisementOne key that scientists look for in a potentially habitable planet is the presence of liquid water. Planets in this zone are neither too hot nor too cold to support liquid water.
Persons: NASA's James Webb, , Nikku, Madhusudhan, Björn Benneke, Temim, James Webb Organizations: Guardian, Service, University of Cambridge, NASA, Astrophysics, Cambridge, NASA's James Webb Space Telescope, ESA, CSA, Princeton University Locations: TOI
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