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President Harris would probably put more pressure on Israel to reach a cease-fire and open up talks with the Palestinians. Ukrainians worry that a President Trump would force a quick and dirty peace deal favorable to Russia. They hope a President Harris would continue to support them on the battlefield. Under President Harris, that would probably mean continuity with the Biden administration policies that have become much more restrictive over time. Migrants from all over the world pass through Mexico to get to the U.S. border, and the United States can’t control the flow of migrants without Mexico’s assistance.

Persons: Israel Patrick Kingsley, Harris, Trump, Benjamin Netanyahu, Ukraine Anton Troianovski, Volodymyr Zelensky, Vladimir V, Putin, Biden, China Keith Bradsher, NATO Steven Erlanger, United States doesn’t, “ I’m, Ana Swanson, Donald Trump, haven’t, South Africa John Eligon, Biden —, Harris —, Mexico Natalie Kitroeff, Somini Sengupta Organizations: Trump, U.S, Manufacturing, NATO, The Times, Global, United, Biden Locations: Jerusalem, Israel, Gaza, Iran, Russia, Ukraine, Moscow, United States, America, Europe, China, Beijing, Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, Philippines, India, —, Hungary, Italy, Germany, South Africa, Johannesburg, Africa, Zambia, Indian, Brazil, Ethiopia, BRICS, Mexico, Mexico City, U.S

☆ U.S. Tightens Technology Controls to Target Russian War Machine
▼ + stars: | 2024-08-23 | by ( Ana Swanson | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

The new rules aim to disrupt the procurement networks that are funneling semiconductors and other technology to Russian forces, who then use them to wage war against Ukraine. They will give the U.S. government expanded authority to prevent products made with U.S. technology from being shipped to Russia, even if those products are manufactured in countries outside of the United States. The penalties also included the addition of 123 entities in Russia, Crimea, China, Turkey, Iran and Cyprus to a so-called entity list. Suppliers are barred from sending companies on the entity list certain products without first obtaining a government license. The government also added certain addresses in Hong Kong and Turkey to the list that were known to set up shell companies, meaning any further shell companies registered to those addresses would face trade restrictions.

Persons: Biden Organizations: Ukraine Locations: Russia, China, Russian, United States, Crimea, Turkey, Iran, Cyprus, Hong Kong

☆ U.S. Vies With Allies and Industry to Tighten China Tech Controls
▼ + stars: | 2024-08-09 | by ( Ana Swanson | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

The Biden administration is fighting to overcome opposition from allied nations and the tech industry as it prepares to expand restrictions aimed at slowing China’s ability to make the most advanced semiconductors, which could be used to bolster Beijing’s military capacity. The rules are aimed at blocking off some of the newer routes that Chinese chipmakers have found to acquire technology, despite international restrictions. The United States has been pushing allies like Japan and the Netherlands to toughen their restrictions on technology shipments to China, during visits to those countries as well as a Japanese state visit to Washington in April. Those nations are home to companies that produce chip-making machinery, like ASML Holding N.V. and Tokyo Electron Limited. But industry in the United States and other countries has argued the rules could hurt them, and it remains unclear when or if foreign governments will issue limitations.

Persons: Biden Organizations: United, Tokyo Electron Locations: China, United States, Japan, Netherlands, Washington, Tokyo

☆ World’s Five Leading Chipmakers Have Now Promised U.S. Investment
▼ + stars: | 2024-08-06 | by ( Ana Swanson | Madeleine Ngo | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

The Biden administration said on Tuesday that it would award up to $450 million in grants to a South Korean chipmaker, SK Hynix, to help build its new chip facility in Indiana, in what officials described as a milestone in rebuilding the U.S. semiconductor manufacturing industry. With the announcement, the United States now has commitments from all five of the world’s leading-edge semiconductor manufacturers to construct chip plants in the United States with financial assistance from the administration, Commerce Secretary Gina M. Raimondo said in a call with reporters on Monday. The Biden administration previously announced that it had reached agreements with Intel, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Samsung and Micron to help fund investments in the United States. “These are the only companies in the world capable of producing leading-edge chips at scale,” she said. SK Hynix announced in April that it had committed to investing $3.87 billion in a facility in West Lafayette, Ind.

Persons: Biden, Gina M, Raimondo Organizations: SK Hynix, Intel, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Samsung, Micron, ” SK Hynix Locations: Korean, Indiana, United States, West Lafayette, Ind

☆ Takeaways From Our Investigation Into Banned A.I. Chips in China
▼ + stars: | 2024-08-04 | by ( Ana Swanson | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

The United States has tried, with some success, to halt China’s progress with artificial intelligence amid concerns that the technology is helping modernize the Chinese military. U.S. officials have set up one of the most extensive tech blockades ever attempted, banning the export to China of advanced A.I. chips, which are primarily made by Nvidia, a Silicon Valley firm that is one of the world’s most valuable companies. But given the vast profits at stake, businesses around the world have found ways to skirt the rules, an investigation by The New York Times has found. technology in China — part of a global effort to help China circumvent U.S. national security restrictions.

Organizations: Nvidia, The New York Times Locations: States, China, Silicon, Beijing, Kunshan, Shenzhen

☆ With Smugglers and Front Companies, China Is Skirting American A.I. Bans
▼ + stars: | 2024-08-04 | by ( Ana Swanson | Claire Fu | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

In the southern Chinese city of Shenzhen, a mazelike market stretches for a half-mile, packed with stalls selling every type of electronic imaginable. One vendor said he could order the chips for delivery in two weeks. Another said companies came to the market ordering 200 or 300 chips from him at a time. The United States, with some success, has tried to control the export of these chips. technology — part of a global effort to help China circumvent U.S. restrictions amid the countries’ growing military rivalry.

Organizations: Nvidia, U.S ., New York Times Locations: Shenzhen, United States, U.S, Hong Kong, China

☆ With Kamala Harris, U.S. Free Trade Skepticism May Continue
▼ + stars: | 2024-07-26 | by ( Ana Swanson | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

In a 2019 presidential debate, Kamala Harris insisted, “I am not a protectionist Democrat.”But Ms. Harris is not a free-trade Democrat, either. And in 2020, she was one of only 10 senators to vote against the deal to replace NAFTA, the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement. As she pursues the presidential nomination, Ms. Harris’s views on trade and economic issues are likely to become a focal point. Yet unlike former President Donald J. Trump and his running mate, JD Vance, trade has never been a major focus for Ms. Harris. As a result, her positions on trade issues are not entirely known.

Persons: Kamala Harris, “, Harris, Biden, Obama, Donald J, Trump, JD Vance, William A, Harris “, Reinsch, “ there’s, ” Organizations: North American Free Trade, Senate, Pacific Partnership, Business, Center for Strategic, International Studies Locations: United States, Mexico, Canada

Shortly after the Biden administration took office in 2021, Vice President Kamala Harris started calling the chief executives of large banks, including JPMorgan Chase and Bank of America. The federal government was making hundreds of billions of dollars available for banks to lend to small businesses to keep them afloat during the pandemic recession. Ms. Harris told the executives they needed to be lending more, faster, particularly to minority-owned businesses that data suggested were struggling to gain access to the money. The calls represented one of the earliest and most visible forays Ms. Harris made in devising and carrying out the Biden administration’s economic agenda, and illustrated the sort of economic policy niche that she has filled as vice president. Current and former administration officials, progressive leaders outside the White House and allies of Ms. Harris roundly agree that the vice president, who is now the leading candidate to secure the Democratic presidential nomination, did not play a major role in the creation of the sweeping economic legislation that has defined President Biden’s time in office.

Persons: Biden, Kamala Harris, Harris, Biden’s Organizations: JPMorgan Chase, Bank of America, Biden, White House, Democratic

When former President Donald J. Trump met with House Republicans last month, he touched on a mix of policies core to his economic agenda: cutting income taxes while also significantly raising tariffs on foreign goods. Mr. Trump told Republicans he would “love to raise tariffs” and cut income taxes on Americans, potentially to zero, said Representative Marjorie Taylor Greene, Republican of Georgia. “Everyone was clapping in the room,” Ms. Greene said. “He said, ‘If you guys are going to go vote on something today, vote to lower taxes on Americans.’”Tariffs and tax cuts were central to Mr. Trump’s economic thinking while he was in the White House. If he wins in November, he is promising a much more aggressive approach, including potentially a blanket 10 percent tariff on nearly all imports and a 60 percent tax on Chinese goods.

Persons: Donald J, Trump, Marjorie Taylor Greene, Ms, Greene, “ Organizations: Republicans, Republican Locations: Georgia

☆ Trading Free-Market Ideals for Protectionism, G.O.P. Goes Full Trump
▼ + stars: | 2024-07-15 | by ( Jeanna Smialek | Ana Swanson | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

Donald J. Trump’s presidency was a major turn away from the Republican Party’s long embrace of free-market economics. If the Republican platform is any indication, a second Trump term would be a near-complete abandonment. The platform does not directly mention fiscal deficits, and, apart from curbing government spending, it does not make any clear and detailed promises to rein in the nation’s borrowing. Other policies it proposes — including cutting taxes and expanding the military — would most likely swell the nation’s debt. The Republican platform also does not mention exports or encouraging trade.

Persons: Donald J, Trump’s Organizations: Republican, Trump, Republican National Convention Locations: Milwaukee

☆ Biden Announces Tariffs on Chinese Metals Routed Through Mexico
▼ + stars: | 2024-07-10 | by ( Ana Swanson | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

The Biden administration took steps on Wednesday to prevent China from circumventing American tariffs on Chinese steel and aluminum by routing those imports through Mexico. The administration said it would impose tariffs on imports of Mexican metals that are partially made in China. American officials said the move would close a trade loophole that has allowed cheap, state-subsidized Chinese metals to circumvent existing U.S. tariffs. The United States will now impose a 25 percent tariff on Mexican steel that is melted or poured outside of North America before being turned into a finished product. Previously, that steel would have entered the country duty free.

Persons: Biden, Lael Brainard Organizations: White, Economic Council Locations: China, Mexico, United States, North America, Mexican, Belarus, Iran, Russia

☆ U.S. Creates High-Tech Global Supply Chains to Blunt Risks Tied to China
▼ + stars: | 2024-07-08 | by ( Edward Wong | Ana Swanson | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: 1 min

If the Biden administration had its way, far more electronic chips would be made in factories in, say, Texas or Arizona. Those places may not be the first that come to mind when people think of semiconductors. But administration officials are trying to transform the world’s chip supply chain and are negotiating intensely to do so. The core elements of the plan include getting foreign companies to invest in chip-making in the United States and finding other countries to set up factories to finish the work. Officials and researchers in Washington call it part of the new “chip diplomacy.”

Persons: Biden, ” Locations: Texas, Arizona, Costa Rica, Vietnam, Kenya, United States, Washington

☆ U.S. Awards $504 Million for ‘Tech Hubs’ in Overlooked Regions
▼ + stars: | 2024-07-02 | by ( Madeleine Ngo | Ana Swanson | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

The Biden administration awarded $504 million on Tuesday to a dozen projects across the country in a bid to transform communities that had been overlooked in the past into technological powerhouses. The grants will fund “tech hubs” that aim to bolster the production of critical technologies in regions including western Montana, central Indiana, South Florida and upstate New York. The hubs are meant to accelerate the growth of advanced industries in the United States, such as biomanufacturing, clean energy, artificial intelligence and personalized medicine. Proponents say the projects will help create “good-paying” jobs and tap into underutilized pools of workers and resources across the country. The idea of spreading technology funding beyond Silicon Valley helped the legislation win broader support from lawmakers representing parts of the country that were eager to benefit.

Organizations: Biden Locations: Montana, Indiana, South Florida, New York, United States, Silicon Valley

☆ Trump Eyes Bigger Trade War in Second Term
▼ + stars: | 2024-06-27 | by ( Ana Swanson | Alan Rappeport | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

They hit back, imposing tariffs on American soybeans, whiskey, orange juice and motorcycles. U.S. agricultural exports plummeted, prompting Mr. Trump to send $23 billion to farmers to help offset losses. Now, as he runs for president again, Mr. Trump is promising to ratchet up his trade war to a much greater degree. He has proposed “universal baseline tariffs on most foreign products,” including higher levies on certain countries that devalue their currency. Mr. Trump, who once proclaimed himself “Tariff Man,” has long argued that tariffs would boost American factories, end the gap between what America imported and what it exported and increase American jobs.

Persons: Donald J, Trump, ” Organizations: ”, European, America Locations: China, Canada, European Union, Mexico, India

☆ Debate Fact Check: Biden and Trump on the Economy, Immigration and Foreign Policy
▼ + stars: | 2024-06-27 | by ( Ana Swanson | The New York Times | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

— Former President Donald J. TrumpMr. Trump is distorting what Representative Nancy Pelosi, then the House speaker, said. Ms. Pelosi did not admit to turning down National Guard troops. We have responsibility, Terry, we didn’t have accountability for what was going on there.”When the person Ms. Pelosi was addressing responded, “they thought they had sufficient resources,” Ms. Pelosi cut her off. “It’s not a question of sufficient,” the speaker said, “they don’t know. claims” of Ms. Pelosi being at fault.

Persons: —, Donald J, Trump, Nancy Pelosi, Ms, Pelosi, Alexandra Pelosi, Pelosi’s, “, Terry, “ It’s Organizations: Trump Mr, National Guard, Republican, Capitol Police, Politico

The Biden administration on Wednesday announced a series of new financial sanctions aimed at interrupting the fast-growing technological links between China and Russia that American officials believe are a broad effort to rebuild and modernize Russia’s military during its war with Ukraine. The actions were announced just as President Biden was leaving the country for a meeting in Italy of the Group of 7 industrialized economies, where a renewed push to degrade the Russian economy will be at the top of his agenda. The measures were coordinated by the Treasury, State and Commerce Departments and aimed to further isolate Russia from the global financial system and cut off its ability to gain access to the technology that powers its military arsenal. The effort has grown far more complicated in the past six or eight months after China, which had previously sat largely on the sidelines, stepped up its shipments of microchips, machine tools, optical systems for drones and components for advanced weaponry, U.S. officials said. But so far Beijing appears to have heeded Mr. Biden’s warning against shipping weapons to Russia, even as the United States and NATO continue to arm Ukraine.

Persons: Biden Organizations: Wednesday, Treasury, State, Commerce, NATO Locations: China, Russia, Ukraine, Italy, Beijing, United States

☆ U.S. Bans Imports From 3 Chinese Companies Over Ties to Forced Labor
▼ + stars: | 2024-06-11 | by ( Ana Swanson | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

The Department of Homeland Security on Tuesday added three Chinese companies to a list of firms whose products can no longer be exported to the United States, as part of what it described as an escalating crackdown on companies that aid in forced labor programs in Xinjiang. The companies include a seafood processor, Shandong Meijia Group, that an investigation by the Outlaw Ocean Project identified as a business employing laborers brought to eastern China from Xinjiang — a far-western region of China where the government has detained and surveilled large numbers of minorities, including Uyghurs. Another firm, Xinjiang Shenhuo Coal and Electricity, is an aluminum processor whose metal can be found in cars, consumer electronics and other products, a U.S. official said. The third, Dongguan Oasis Shoes, brought Uyghurs and people from other persecuted groups to its footwear factory in Guangdong, the U.S. government said. With those additions, 68 companies now appear on the so-called entity list of firms that the U.S. government says participate in forced labor programs, nearly double the number at the beginning of the year.

Organizations: of Homeland Security, Shandong Meijia Group, Coal, U.S, Dongguan Oasis Locations: United States, Xinjiang, Shandong, China, Dongguan, Guangdong, U.S

☆ U.S. Adds Tariffs to Shield Struggling Solar Industry
▼ + stars: | 2024-06-06 | by ( Ana Swanson | Alan Rappeport | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

Tariffs aimed at protecting America’s solar industry from foreign competition snapped back into place on Thursday, ending a two-year pause that President Biden approved as part of his effort to jump-start solar adoption in the U.S. The tariffs, which will apply to certain solar products made by Chinese companies in Southeast Asia, kicked in at a moment of growing global concern about a surge of cheap Chinese solar products that are undercutting U.S. and European manufacturers. The Biden administration has been trying to build up America’s solar industry by offering tax credits, and companies have announced more than 30 new U.S. manufacturing investments in the past year. But U.S. solar companies say they are still struggling to survive as competitors in China and Southeast Asia flood the global market with solar panels that are being sold at prices far below what American firms need to charge to stay in business. That has forced President Biden to make an uncomfortable choice: Continue welcoming inexpensive imports that are helping the United States transition away from fossil fuels, or block them to protect new U.S. solar factories that are benefiting from taxpayer money.

Persons: Biden Organizations: U.S Locations: Southeast Asia, U.S, China, United States

☆ Senate Inquiry Finds BMW Imported Cars Tied to Forced Labor in China
▼ + stars: | 2024-05-20 | by ( Ana Swanson | Jack Ewing | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

A congressional investigation found that BMW, Jaguar Land Rover and Volkswagen purchased parts that originated from a Chinese supplier flagged by the United States for participating in forced labor programs in Xinjiang, a far western region of China where the local population is subject to mass surveillance and detentions. BMW shipped to the United States at least 8,000 MINI vehicles containing the part after the Chinese supplier was added in December to a U.S. government list of companies participating in forced labor. Volkswagen took steps to correct the issue. The investigation, which began in 2022 by the chairman of the Senate Finance Committee, Ron Wyden of Oregon, a Democrat, highlights the risk for major automakers as the United States tries to enforce a two-year-old law aimed at blocking goods from Xinjiang. The Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act bars goods made in whole or in part in Xinjiang from being imported to the United States, unless the importer can prove that they were not made with forced labor.

Persons: Ron Wyden Organizations: BMW, Jaguar, Rover, Volkswagen, Senate Finance, United States, Labor Locations: United States, Xinjiang, China, U.S, Oregon, United

☆ Xi Meets Blinken With Tough Issues on the Agenda
▼ + stars: | 2024-04-26 | by ( Ana Swanson | Vivian Wang | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

Both China and the United States have said they were hoping for progress on a few smaller, pragmatic fronts, including improving communications between their militaries and easing travel between the countries. But they remain at a standstill on fundamental strategic issues, including trade policies and territorial conflicts in the South China Sea and over Taiwan. And with other disputes looming, both sides acknowledged the danger of the relationship sliding into further conflict. The Biden administration is deeply concerned that cheap Chinese exports are threatening U.S. jobs, and is worried about China’s support of Russia in the Ukrainian war. And China has accused the United States of working to encircle Chinese interests in the Pacific.

Persons: Antony J, Blinken, Xi Jinping, Biden Locations: Beijing, East Asia, East, Ukraine, China, United States, South, Taiwan, Russia, Pacific

☆ Blinken Tours China to Promote Some Ties, While the U.S. Severs Others
▼ + stars: | 2024-04-25 | by ( Ana Swanson | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

It all went to emphasize the kind of economic, educational and cultural ties that the United States is pointedly holding up as beneficial for both countries. But hanging over those pleasantries during his visit to China this week are several steps the U.S. is taking to sever economic ties in areas where the Biden administration says they threaten American interests. Even as the Biden administration tries to stabilize the relationship with China, it is advancing several economic measures that would curb China’s access to the U.S. economy and technology. It is poised to raise tariffs on Chinese steel, solar panels and other crucial products to try to protect American factories from cheap imports. The president signed it on Wednesday, though the measure is likely to be challenged in court.

Persons: Antony J, Blinken, Biden, ByteDance Organizations: New, Biden Locations: Shanghai, New York, United States, China, U.S, Beijing

Secretary of State Antony J. Blinken is meeting officials in China this week as disputes over wars, trade, technology and security are testing the two countries’ efforts to stabilize the relationship. China is courting foreign investment to help its sluggish economy. At the same time, its leader, Xi Jinping, has been bolstering national security and expanding China’s military footprint around Taiwan and the South China Sea in ways that have alarmed its neighbors. Mr. Biden and Mr. Xi have held talks to prevent their countries’ disputes from spiraling into conflict, after relations sank to their lowest point in decades last year. But an array of challenges could make steadying the relationship difficult.

Persons: Antony J, Blinken, Biden, Xi Jinping, Xi Locations: China, United States, Taiwan, South

☆ U.S. Awards $1.5 Billion to Chipmaker GlobalFoundries
▼ + stars: | 2024-02-19 | by ( Ana Swanson | Don Clark | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

The Biden administration on Monday announced a $1.5 billion award to the New York-based chipmaker GlobalFoundries, one of the first sizable grants from a government program aimed at revitalizing semiconductor manufacturing in the United States. As part of the plan to bolster GlobalFoundries, the administration will also make available another $1.6 billion in federal loans. The grants are expected to triple the company’s production capacity in the state of New York over ten years. The funding represents an effort by the Biden administration and lawmakers of both parties to try to revitalize American semiconductor manufacturing. Currently, just 12 percent of chips are made in the United States, with the bulk manufactured in Asia.

Persons: Biden, GlobalFoundries Organizations: Monday, GlobalFoundries, General Motors Locations: New York, United States, Asia, Malta, N.Y

☆ Plans to Expand U.S. Chip Manufacturing Are Running Into Obstacles
▼ + stars: | 2024-02-19 | by ( Don Clark | Ana Swanson | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

In December 2022, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, the key maker of the world’s most cutting-edge chips, said it planned to spend $40 billion in Arizona on its first major U.S. hub for semiconductor production. The much ballyhooed project outside Phoenix — with two new factories, including one with more advanced technology — became a symbol of President Biden’s quest to spur more domestic production of chips, the slices of silicon that help all manner of devices make calculations and store data. Then last summer, TSMC pushed back initial manufacturing at its first Arizona factory to 2025 from this year, saying local workers lacked expertise in installing some sophisticated equipment. Last month, the company said the second plant wouldn’t produce chips until 2027 or 2028, rather than 2026, citing uncertainty about tech choices and federal funding. Progress at the Arizona site partly depends on “how much incentives that the U.S. government can provide,” Mark Liu, TSMC’s chairman, said in an investor call.

Persons: —, Biden’s, TSMC, ” Mark Liu Organizations: Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Phoenix Locations: Arizona, U.S, Phoenix —

☆ Why Sanctions Haven’t Hobbled Russia
▼ + stars: | 2024-02-16 | by ( Ana Swanson | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

After Russia invaded Ukraine in 2022, Western nations imposed the most extensive sanctions and trade restrictions in history on Moscow. Today, Russia appears to be doing OK.Its economy is growing steadily. Russia can’t buy much from the West but has found new providers for drones, surveillance gear, computer chips and other gear. These nations make up more than half of the global economy, and they tried to weaponize their influence over trade and finance to weaken Russia. Absorbing the blowsThe measures against Russia go far beyond traditional sanctions, which historically have targeted banks and elites.

Persons: Russia can’t, Moscow’s, Vladimir Putin Organizations: U.S, Russia Locations: Russia, Ukraine, Western, Moscow

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