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[1/2] A general view of Polish shoe retailer CCC shop is pictured, amid the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), in Warsaw, Poland, September 8, 2020. "Let me tell you, there was a time when I couldn't even afford to buy salmon, for example. Buczek has benefited from the fact that PiS has raised her pension as part of hefty welfare spending moves which, opinion surveys show, are easing Poles' concerns over high inflation. The Polish minimum wage, already the highest in central Europe, will rise by nearly a fifth next year. With many houseowners on variable loan rates, Warsaw recently extended a scheme for mortgage repayment holidays into next year.

Persons: Kacper, Jadwiga Buczek, Buczek, PiS, Steffen Dyck, Adam Glapinski, Fitch, Federico Barriga Salazar, Andrzej Kuzniak, Moody's Dyck, Kacper Pempel, Jan Strupczewski, Gergely, Mark John, Sharon Singleton Organizations: REUTERS, Reuters, Justice, European Union, European Commission, National Bank of, Sovereign Risk, Moody's, International Monetary Fund, Civic Coalition, Thomson Locations: Warsaw, Poland, WARSAW, Poland's, Europe, NBP, Brussels

☆ US Housing Market: Home Prices Could Jump 5% in Next Year, Zillow Says
▼ + stars: | 2023-09-22 | by ( Jennifer Sor | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +3 min

Home prices could climb even higher over the next year, Zillow economists said. The real estate listings site revised its 12-month outlook for home prices, predicting a 4.9% increase by August 2024. That's slightly down from its 12-month home price outlook in July, when the firm predicted a 6.5% increase in home prices by July of next year. Experts have warned housing affordability is unlikely to improve until mortgage rates dial back more significantly. That could unlock more inventory to hit the housing market, but it's unlikely to happen anytime soon, with experts forecasting mortgage rates to end the year around 6%.

Persons: Jerome Powell, Bankrate, Zillow, uptick Organizations: Service Locations: Wall, Silicon

☆ Home values could collapse as rising climate dangers wreak havoc on insurance markets, study says
▼ + stars: | 2023-09-22 | by ( Filip De Mott | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +3 min

US home values could collapse as climate change boosts insurance costs, a study from First Street Foundation said. First Street estimated that 39 million homes are still insured at prices that don't match the climate risks they face. Either way, insurance costs are rising, and First Street estimated the impact they will have on a home's value by way of its income potential. For example, a home in California currently valued at $296,000 would see a 39% drop after repricing for estimated insurance risk. Still, despite the climate risks, the housing affordability crisis has boosted migration to areas vulnerable to floods, wildfires, and extreme heat.

Organizations: First Street Foundation, First, Service, Foundation Locations: Wall, Silicon, California, West Palm Beach , Florida, Louisiana, Plaquemines Parish

Looking beyond the Fed’s rate decisionThe markets on Tuesday are betting that the Fed will stand pat on interest rates on Wednesday. The higher-for-longer policy would probably deal a blow to prospective home buyers and businesses, and could undermine President Biden’s message of economic growth heading into an election year. Investors will focus on the Fed’s quarterly economic projections. With Brent crude hitting a 10-month high of more than $95 a barrel on Tuesday morning, however, fears on inflation still loom large. Investors on both sides of the Atlantic dumped bonds on Monday, with yields on a 10-year inflation-adjusted Treasury note hitting a 14-year high on fears that the Fed would stay hawkish on interest rates.

Persons: Biden’s, Brent Organizations: Fed, Investors

☆ The US housing market is headed for the largest sales slowdown since 2011, Fannie Mae says
▼ + stars: | 2023-09-19 | by ( Jennifer Sor | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +3 min

US home sales are headed for the largest slowdown since 2011, according to Fannie Mae. That's due to headwinds like higher mortgage rates, amid a weakening US economy. That figure will only improve slightly in 2024, with total home sales expected to hit 4.9 million, Fannie Mae economists said. Optimists who say the US is on track to avoid a recession have pointed to still-robust consumer spending, but current trends look unsustainable when considering incomes, Fannie Mae said. Experts say housing affordability and sales are unlikely to improve until mortgage rates dial back more significantly, likely to around the 5% range.

Persons: Fannie Mae, That's, Freddie Mac Organizations: Service, Fed Locations: Wall, Silicon, Real

☆ US housing starts hit three-year low; surge in permits point to underlying strength
▼ + stars: | 2023-09-19 | by ( Lucia Mutikani | ) www.reuters.com time to read: +6 min

The decline in housing starts reported by the Commerce Department on Tuesday was the largest in a year and occurred across the board. Housing starts tumbled 11.3% to a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 1.283 million units last month, the lowest level since June 2020. Data for July was revised lower to show starts accelerating to a rate of 1.447 million units instead of the previously reported 1.452 million units. Single-family housing starts, which account for the bulk of homebuilding, dropped 4.3% to a rate of 941,000 units last month. They were boosted by a 14.8% surge in multi-family housing permits to a rate of 535,000 units.

Persons: Mike Blake, homebuilding, Daniel Vielhaber, Hilary, Freddie Mac, Goldman Sachs, Nancy Vanden Houten, Jeffrey Roach, Lucia Mutikani, Chizu Nomiyama, Paul Simao, Andrea Ricci Organizations: REUTERS, Commerce Department, Federal, Nationwide, Reuters, U.S, Treasury, National Association of Home Builders, Oxford Economics, Realtors, LPL Financial, Thomson Locations: Rancho, San Diego , California, U.S, WASHINGTON, Columbus , Ohio, homebuilding, Northeast, Midwest, Wells Fargo, New York, Charlotte , North Carolina

CO2 storage tanks are seen at a cement plant and carbon capture facility in Wuhu, Anhui province, China September 11, 2019. China's cement sector discharged 853 million tonnes of carbon dioxide in 2021, according to the Global Carbon Atlas, nearly six times more than the next largest cement producer, India. The cement sector accounts for roughly 12% of China's total carbon emissions, according to Fidelity International, and along with steel is one of the largest greenhouse gas emitters. China’s cement output hits multi-year seasonal lowsSome cement producers will likely look to boost exports in an effort to offset lower domestic sales, and in July China's total cement exports hit their highest since late 2019. And if that's the case, the sector's emissions will come down too, yielding a rare climate benefit to the ongoing property market disruption.

Persons: David Stanway, Gavin Maguire, Miral Organizations: REUTERS, World Cement Association, Global Carbon Atlas, Fidelity International, China Evergrande Group, Shanghai, China National Bureau, Vietnam National Cement Association, Reuters, Thomson Locations: Wuhu, Anhui province, China, LITTLETON , Colorado, China's, India, Beijing, Vietnam, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Indonesia

☆ Sunac China files for Chapter 15 bankruptcy protection
▼ + stars: | 2023-09-19 | by ( Michelle Toh | ) edition.cnn.com time to read: +4 min

Hong Kong CNN —One of China’s leading property developers, Sunac, has filed for bankruptcy protection in the United States, shortly after winning approval from its creditors to restructure nearly $10 billion worth of debt. The company filed a petition for Chapter 15 protection with the US Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York on Tuesday. It’s the second big distressed Chinese developer in weeks to seek such protection: Evergrande made a Chapter 15 filing in the United States a month ago, after posting losses of $81 billion in the last two years. Entering the process may help Sunac China negotiate with overseas lenders as it works to overhaul its debt. “While Evergrande is still struggling to get their offshore creditors on board, Sunac has really overtaken them,” she said.

Persons: It’s, Evergrande, Sunac, Sandra Chow, it’s, Chow, ”, —, ” Chow, “, Andy Rose Organizations: Hong Kong CNN, US, Court, Southern, of, Asia, CNN, Evergrande Locations: China, Hong Kong, United States, of New York

☆ Loma Linda, California, the only Blue Zone in the US, has cheaper homes than elsewhere in the state
▼ + stars: | 2023-09-19 | by ( Katherine Tangalakis-Lippert | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +5 min

Home buyers seeking a Blue Zone lifestyle in the US have limited options. Loma Linda, CA, is among the smallest Blue Zones by population and its real estate market is tight. Despite high demand, a typical home sale in Loma Linda is still less pricey than the state average. Loma Linda, California is located about 60 miles east of Los Angeles. Hulda Crooks Park in Loma Linda David Keith Canete/Getty ImagesAverage home sales in Loma Linda, according to RedFin and Zillow, ran between $545,000 and $603,000 in the last year.

Persons: Loma, Brandon Rivinius, Rivinius, you'll, Crooks, Loma Linda David Keith Canete, I've Organizations: Service, Loma Linda, Loma, Google, Brandon, Reliable, tote, National Association of Realtors, California Association of Realtors, Loma Linda University, Group, Blue Zone Locations: Loma Linda, CA, Wall, Silicon, States, California, Los Angeles, Loma, Loma Linda , California

☆ Homebuilder sentiment goes negative for the first time in 7 months, thanks to higher mortgage rates
▼ + stars: | 2023-09-18 | by ( Diana Olick | In Dianaolick | ) www.cnbc.com time to read: +2 min

U.S. homebuilders are feeling pessimistic about their business for the first time in seven months, thanks to stubbornly high mortgage rates. Builder confidence in the single-family housing market fell 5 points in September to 45 on the National Association of Home Builders/Wells Fargo Housing Market Index. Current sales conditions fell 6 points to 51, and sales expectations in the next six months also dropped 6 points to 49. Builders cite weaker affordability due to higher mortgage rates. While builders are still benefiting from the lack of supply on the existing sales market, they are also facing hurdles other than higher interest rates.

Persons: Robert Dietz, NAHB's, Alicia Huey Organizations: National Association of Home Builders, Builders Locations: Wells Fargo, Birmingham , Alabama, Midwest, West

☆ Homebuilder confidence continues to be weighed down by high mortgage rates
▼ + stars: | 2023-09-18 | by ( Anna Bahney | ) edition.cnn.com time to read: +3 min

Washington, DC CNN —Home builder confidence took a hit in September as average mortgage rates for a 30-year fixed-rate loan stayed above 7%. “The two-month decline in builder sentiment coincides with when mortgage rates jumped above 7% and significantly eroded buyer purchasing power,” said Alicia Huey of the NAHB. All three dimensions of the new housing market evaluated saw declines in September: The index gauging current sales conditions fell six points to 51. “High mortgage rates are clearly taking a toll on builder confidence and consumer demand, as a growing number of buyers are electing to defer a home purchase until long-term rates move lower,” said Robert Dietz, NAHB Chief Economist. As mortgage rates stayed above 7% over the last month, more builders cut prices to boost sales, according to NAHB.

Persons: ”, Alicia Huey, Huey, Robert Dietz, That’s Organizations: DC CNN —, National Association of Home Builders, “, NAHB Locations: Washington, Wells Fargo

☆ The 10 least expensive states to own a home
▼ + stars: | 2023-09-17 | by ( Jordan Pandy | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +2 min

Here are 10 states, including Ohio and Iowa, where homeownership is less than the national average. According to Zillow, the average cost of a home in the US is $349,770, as of August. Hawaii is one of the more expensive states to live in, and has the highest cost of homeownership, according to Self. But there's good news for prospective homebuyers: There are states where the costs of homeownership are significantly less than the national average. Here are the 10 least expensive states to own a home, according to Self.

Persons: homeownership, Zillow, Angi Organizations: Service Locations: Ohio, Iowa, Wall, Silicon, Hawaii

[1/6] Home buyers stand inside an unfinished residential building of the Gaotie Wellness City complex in Tongchuan, Shaanxi province, China September 12, 2023. "I almost never drink water, wash my face or brush my teeth," said Shi, 39, who moved into the Gaotie Wellness City complex in May. I have no money now, I've lost my family property and all that's left is this unfinished building." Tongchuan city government and China's housing ministry did not immediately respond to a request for comment. To enter the complex, residents pick their way through an overgrown field, past abandoned construction machinery to a hole in the wall.

Persons: Tingshu Wang, Shi Tieniu, Shi, I've, I'm, Gao, Qi Xiaoxia, we've, Laurie Chen, Xiaoyu Yin, Lincoln Organizations: Gaotie Wellness, REUTERS, UBS, Tongchuan, Reuters, Buyers, Country, Thomson Locations: Tongchuan, Shaanxi, China, China's Shaanxi

☆ Singapore is the world's 6th Blue Zone — and a look at its urban planning helps explain why
▼ + stars: | 2023-09-14 | by ( Amanda Goh | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +6 min

Singapore is the world's sixth Blue Zone, according to Dan Buettner, a journalist who popularized the term. In the Netflix series "Live to 100," Buettner shows how the country is designed to encourage its residents to live healthier. Policies on housing, transportation, and hawker centers come together to create what he calls a "Blue Zone 2.0." The original five Blue Zone regions include Okinawa in Japan, Ikaria in Greece, Sardinia in Italy, Nicoya in Costa Rica, as well as Loma Linda in California. "You share tables and you're interacting with the stall user, interacting with the person next to you," Buettner told Fortune.

Persons: Dan Buettner, Buettner, Amanda Goh, Chan Heng Chee, Chan Organizations: Netflix, Service, World Bank, Housing Development Board, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Transportation, Singapore, Hawker Locations: Singapore, Wall, Silicon, Okinawa, Japan, Ikaria, Greece, Sardinia, Italy, Nicoya, Costa Rica, California

☆ U.S. mortgage rates fall for a second week but hold above 7%
▼ + stars: | 2023-09-07 | by ( Amina Niasse | ) www.reuters.com time to read: +1 min

NEW YORK, Sept 7 (Reuters) - Key U.S. mortgage interest rates fell for a second week but held above 7% and remained near the highest in decades, according to a survey released Thursday by housing finance giant Freddie Mac. The average contract rate on 30-year-fixed-rate mortgages declined to 7.12% as of Thursday from 7.18% the prior week, Freddie Mac said. Mortgage rates climbed steadily over the past two years on the back of the Federal Reserve's rate hikes, and they recently spiked to the highest rate in more than two decades. A "For Rent, For Sale" sign is seen outside of a home in Washington, U.S., July 7, 2022. REUTERS/Sarah Silbiger/File Photo Acquire Licensing Rights“For the fourth consecutive week, the 30-year fixed-rate mortgage hovered above 7%,” said Sam Khater, chief economist at Freddie Mac.

Persons: Freddie Mac, Sarah Silbiger, ”, Sam Khater, Andrew Flowers, Amina Niasse, Cynthia Osterman Organizations: REUTERS, Appcast Inc, Thomson Locations: Washington , U.S

When my wife and I bought our first home, we could afford it because of down payment assistance. Fortunately, we found a down payment assistance program that made buying a home possible. Even if the community where you wish to purchase doesn't offer DPA, every state has a down payment assistance program. For example, San Francisco's Downpayment Assistance Loan Program gives loans up to 200% of AMI. The person on the other end of the line will likely be an excellent resource on local DPA programs.

Persons: San Organizations: Service, AMI, Local Locations: Wall, Silicon, California, New York, San Francisco

HONG KONG (AP) — China's exports and imports both fell in August from a year earlier, reflecting tepid global demand that is adding to pressures on its slowing economy. Customs data released Thursday showed exports for August slumped 8.8% to $284.87 billion in the fourth straight month of decline. The total trade surplus fell to $68.36 billion from $80.6 billion in July. China’s imports from Russia, mostly oil and gas, increased 13.3% from a year earlier to $11.52 billion. Exports to the European Union tumbled 10.5% from the same time last year to $41.3 billion, while imports of European goods declined 2.5% to $24.56 billion.

Persons: ” Julian Evans, Pritchard, ”, August's Organizations: —, Federal Reserve, Capital Economics, Kremlin, European Union Locations: HONG KONG, Europe, Asia, U.S, Russia, Ukraine

These are tough times for the housing market. Meanwhile on Wednesday, the Mortgage Bankers Association said mortgage applications have plunged 28% since last year and are now at the lowest level since late 1996. After two years of a pandemic-fueled housing market frenzy and another year of rising rates and tight inventory, consumers are weary. During the pandemic, as the Federal Reserve moved to lower interest rates, mortgage rates fell to 3% and below, prompting a wave of refinancings. “Mortgage applications declined to the lowest level since December 1996, despite a drop in mortgage rates,” said Joel Kan, deputy chief economist at the Mortgage Bankers Association.

Persons: Freddie Mac’s, ”, Lisa Sturtevant, ” Sturtevant, Joel Kan, Redfin, Niko Voutsinas Organizations: Mortgage Bankers Association, National Association of Home Builders, Housing, Bright MLS, “, Federal Reserve, Mortgage, Association Locations: Washington, Chicago

☆ Mortgage rate tipping point: Homeowners say roughly 5% is the magic number to move
▼ + stars: | 2023-09-05 | by ( Jessica Dickler | ) www.cnbc.com time to read: +4 min

Higher interest rates created a 'golden handcuff' effectSince it's unlikely rates will drop anytime soon, this has created a so-called golden handcuff effect. Similar to the financial incentives employers may offer to discourage employees from leaving a company, homeowners are now bound by their low mortgage rate. They don't want to move now and give up that low rate to buy at a higher rate. Between 1978 and 1981, mortgage rates similarly doubled from around 9% to more than 18%, compelling more homeowners to hold on to their homes. However, "mortgage rates weren't at record lows in the late 70s before they started to skyrocket in the early 80s, nor did home prices increase as rapidly," Channel said.

Persons: Nicole Bachaud, Bachaud, John Burns, Tomas Philipson, Bob, Terri Wood, Bob Wood Bob Wood, Terri, It's, Wood, he'd, Greg McBride, Jacob Channel Organizations: Finance, John Burns Research & Consulting, University of Chicago, White House Council, Economic Advisers, CNBC Locations: Mobile , Alabama, Tennessee, LendingTree

LONDON, Sept 4 (Reuters) - Oil prices were stable on Monday amid expectations that major producers would keep supplies tight, as hopes grew for the Federal Reserve to leave interest rates unchanged to avoid dampening the U.S. economy. Both contracts ended last week at their highest in more than half a year, after two previous weeks of losses. "Crude oil prices have been primarily driven by the anticipation of additional supply cuts from major oil-producing nations, Russia and Saudi Arabia," said Sugandha Sachdeva, executive vice president and chief strategist at Acme Investment Advisors. Saudi Arabia is expected to roll over a voluntary 1-million-barrel per day (bpd) cut into October. Saudi Arabia's previous announcements on its voluntary cut extension came ahead of its official selling prices, which typically come out in the first week of the month.

Persons: Sugandha Sachdeva, Sachdeva, Alexander Novak, Russell Hardy, Paul Carsten, Mohi Narayan, Yousef Saba, Andrew Hayley, Simon Clarence Fernandez, Jason Neely Organizations: Federal Reserve, Brent, . West Texas, Acme Investment Advisors, Saudi, Russia, Organization of, Petroleum, Reserve, PMI, Investors, Thomson Locations: U.S, Russia, Saudi Arabia, India, Kuwait, Jizan, Oman, China, London, New Delhi, Dubai, Beijing

☆ Oil steady amid OPEC+ supply cut expectations
▼ + stars: | 2023-09-04 | by ( Mohi Narayan | Thomson Reuters | Reports On Everything How Asia S Fuel Use Recovers The Fallout Of To Tracking How The Global Energy Transition Impacts Refinery Expansion Plans | ) www.reuters.com time to read: +3 min

NEW DELHI, Sept 4 (Reuters) - Oil prices were stable on Monday, amid expectations that major producers would keep supplies tight, as hopes grew for the Federal Reserve to leave interest rates unchanged to avoid dampening the U.S. economy. "Crude oil prices have been primarily driven by the anticipation of additional supply cuts from major oil-producing nations, Russia and Saudi Arabia," said Sugandha Sachdeva, executive vice president and chief strategist at Acme Investment Advisors. Sachdeva added, however, that the steady increase in U.S. oil production could limit further significant gains in price. Russia has already said it will cut exports by 300,000 barrels per day (bpd) in September, following a 500,000-bpd cut in August. "Because of the OPEC+ cuts, there's not sufficient supply (of sour crude) for all these complex refineries in India, Kuwait, Jizan, Oman and China," Hardy said.

Persons: Sugandha Sachdeva, Sachdeva, Alexander Novak, Russell Hardy, there's, Hardy, Mohi Narayan, Andrew Hayley, Simon Cameron, Moore, Clarence Fernandez Organizations: Federal Reserve, Brent, . West Texas, Acme Investment Advisors, Organization of, Petroleum, Thomson Locations: DELHI, U.S, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, India, Kuwait, Jizan, Oman, China, New Delhi, Beijing

☆ Oil rises on China, US economic data and OPEC+ cut expectations
▼ + stars: | 2023-09-04 | by ( ) www.reuters.com time to read: +2 min

BEIJING, Sept 4 (Reuters) - Oil prices ticked up in Asian morning trade on Monday, as market sentiment was buoyed by positive China and U.S. economic data, as well as expectations of ongoing crude supply cuts from major producers. In the U.S., employment data was higher than expected on Friday, with nonfarm payrolls increasing by 187,000 jobs last month. An official announcement with details of the planned cuts is expected this week. Russia has already said it will cut exports by 300,000 barrels per day (bpd) in September, following a 500,000 bpd cut in August. Saudi Arabia is also expected to roll over a voluntary 1 million bpd cut into October.

Persons: Brent, nonfarm, Alexander Novak's, Andrew Hayley, Jamie Freed Organizations: . West Texas, Beijing, Federal Reserve, Organization of, Petroleum, Thomson Locations: BEIJING, China, U.S, Russia, Saudi Arabia

☆ Oil rises on China, U.S. economic data and OPEC+ cut expectations
▼ + stars: | 2023-09-04 | by ( ) www.cnbc.com time to read: +2 min

Oil pumpjacks stand at the Qingdong-5 offshore oil production platform, an artificial island, of Sinopec Shengli Oilfield on January 16, 2023 in Dongying, Shandong Province of China. Oil prices ticked up in Asian morning trade on Monday, as market sentiment was buoyed by positive China and U.S. economic data, as well as expectations of ongoing crude supply cuts from major producers. In the U.S., employment data was higher than expected on Friday, with nonfarm payrolls increasing by 187,000 jobs last month. Russia has already said it will cut exports by 300,000 barrels per day, or bpd in September, following a 500,000 bpd cut in August. Saudi Arabia is also expected to roll over a voluntary 1 million bpd cut into October.

Persons: Brent, nonfarm, Alexander Novak's Organizations: . West Texas, Beijing, Federal Reserve, Organization of, Petroleum Locations: Dongying, Shandong Province, China, U.S, Russia, Saudi Arabia

☆ How to get into real estate on a small salary or little to no savings, according to 6 successful investors who used creative financing strategies to get started
▼ + stars: | 2023-09-02 | by ( Business Insider | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +7 min

It's possible to get into real estate with little-to-no savings. Investors who started with very little share the strategies they used to get their first properties. 20-year-old friends and college dropouts Caleb Hommel and Chuck Sotelo raised capital and structured a seller financing dealAdvertisementAdvertisementChuck Sotelo (L) and Caleb Hommel started investing in real estate in their teens. Hommel and Sotelo, who met on the first day of high school, were teenagers when they decided they wanted to invest in real estate. They were still in junior college at the time and delivering food to pay for an online real estate mentorship program.

Persons: Caleb Hommel, Chuck Sotelo, Sotelo, they'd, Zeona McIntyre, McIntyre, Hommel, she'd, Sean Allen, Sean Allen Sean Allen, Allen, Seegars, Jim Resonable, Jervais Organizations: Service, DoorDash Locations: Wall, Silicon, Texas, Boulder , Colorado, Sotelo, Boulder, North Carolina, California, Greensboro , North Carolina, Greensboro, North Carolina , California, Georgia

☆ Factbox: China's measures to shore up a faltering economy, more support expected
▼ + stars: | 2023-09-01 | by ( ) www.reuters.com time to read: +4 min

- China stepped up measures to boost the country's faltering economy, with top banks paving the way for further cuts in lending rates. Aug. 25 -China's cabinet on Friday approved guidelines for planning and construction of affordable housing at a meeting chaired by Premier Li Qiang. July 24- China's top leaders, at a Politburo meeting, pledged to step up support for the economy, signalling more stimulus steps. July 24 - China's state planner unveiled measures to support private investment in some infrastructure sectors and said it will strengthen financing support for private projects. July 14 - China's cabinet approved guidelines for improving the building of public infrastructure in megacities, to help support the economy and cope with future public health crises.

Persons: Premier Li Qiang, Kevin Yao, Shri Navaratnam Organizations: Premier, Communist Party, Thomson Locations: BEIJING, China, megacities

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