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Lab models of human embryos raise hopes and concerns
  + stars: | 2023-10-26 | by ( Katie Hunt | ) edition.cnn.com   time to read: +14 min
From the moment sperm fuses with an egg, human embryo development involves a string of complex and little understood processes. What happens during human embryo development, particularly in the crucial first month, remains largely unknown. However, 14 days is an important milestone because it is when permitted lab research on cultured human embryos routinely ends. He said, in the future, it might be possible to go as far as 40 days with human embryo models. Some in the field envision a “tipping point” wherein human embryo models might be afforded some protection like those surrounding human embryos, as scientific advances diminish the differences between the embryo models and their real-life counterparts.
Persons: CNN — It’s, , Jacob Hanna, demystify, they’ve, Hanna, “ It’s, ” Hanna, , Peter Rugg, Gunn, it’s, , Robin Lovell, Francis Crick, Naomi Moris, Francis Crick Institute’s, Moris, we’ve, ” Moris, It’s, Bobbie Farsides, ” Farsides Organizations: CNN, Weizmann Institute of Science, Weizmann Institute, Israel, Weizmann, Babraham Institute, International Society for Stem Cell Research, Stem Cell, Francis, Francis Crick Institute, Genetics, Development, , Sussex Medical School Locations: Israel, London, Brighton
SAN FRANCISCO, Oct 24 (Reuters) - Genetics testing company 23andMe (ME.O) on Tuesday sent emails to several customers to inform them of a breach into the "DNA Relatives" feature that allowed them to compare ancestry information with users worldwide. In the new emails, a copy of which was seen by Reuters, 23andMe told customers there was a breach of one or more accounts connected to theirs through the "DNA Relatives" feature. "There was unauthorized access to one or more 23andMe accounts that were connected to you through DNA Relatives," the company told customers in the email on Tuesday. "As a result, the DNA Relatives profile information you provided in this feature was exposed to the threat actor." loadingEarlier, the company had said hackers may have used credentials leaked from other websites to breach 23andMe accounts - a technique known as 'credential stuffing'.
Persons: 23andMe, Katie Watson, Alexandra Ulmer, David Gregorio Our Organizations: FRANCISCO, Reuters, Thomson Locations: U.S, San Francisco
The museum this fall acquired tens of thousands of reptile and amphibian specimens from Oregon State University, many of which are snakes. The development places the university in a unique position, according to Schneider, the research museum collections manager for the museum's division of reptiles and amphibians. “I’m fairly confident we’ll have the largest snake collection in the world,” he said. The extensive new additions also will allow scientists to conduct new snake and amphibian research, perhaps looking at trait evolution in mothers and their offspring. The "largest snake collection" title would be nice, but Schneider said the true promise of a big collection is new research opportunities.
Persons: — Greg Schneider, Schneider, , Lynne Houck, Stevan Arnold, ” Schneider, , Hernán, Dan Rabosky Organizations: University of Michigan Museum, Oregon State University, Oregon State, Michigan, Smithsonian, American Museum of, University of Kansas, Michigan's, Michigan's Department of Ecology, Museums Center Locations: Mich, U.S, Michigan, Washington, New York, Oregon, Michigan's Department
CNN —The mountain chicken frog was once so abundant in Dominica, with thousands found across the island, that it became a national delicacy, supposedly tasting of chicken. Chytridiomycosis is a fungal infectious disease that affects more than 500 frog species across the world. A research team spent 26 days searching for the mountain chicken frog in Dominica. The research team spent hundreds of hours searching for the chicken frog during the months of July and August. “There are many things that people can do to prevent the spread of chytrid and help protect frogs,” Kaganer said in an email.
Persons: Chytridiomycosis, Andrés Valenzuela Sánchez, ZSL, Sánchez, Jeanelle Brisbane, , Alyssa Wetterau Kaganer, ” Kaganer, chytrid, Kaganer, Organizations: CNN, Zoological Society of London, & Conservation Biology, Cornell Wildlife Health Lab, London Zoo Locations: Dominica, Caribbean, Montserrat, ” Brisbane, Dominica —
Attendees purchase DNA kits at the 23andMe booth at the RootsTech annual genealogical event in Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S., February 28, 2019. REUTERS/George Frey/File Photo Acquire Licensing RightsWASHINGTON, Oct 20 (Reuters) - The top Republican on the U.S. Senate's health committee has called on the chief executive of 23andMe (ME.O) to provide the panel with details after data from the family genetics website was advertised for sale on the dark web. Senator Bill Cassidy, the ranking member on the Senate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Committee, expressed concerns in a letter to CEO Anne Wojcicki, and asked for more information. A hacker advertised 23andMe data earlier this month, but 23andMe said in a statement that the company itself had not been breached. Reporting by Susan HeaveyOur Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
Persons: George Frey, Bill Cassidy, Anne Wojcicki, 23andMe, Susan Heavey Organizations: REUTERS, Rights, Republican, 23andMe, Senate Health, Education, Labor, Pensions, Thomson Locations: Salt Lake City , Utah, U.S
Tsai predicts that AI will one day help doctors analyze complicated genetic data — a hallmark of precision medicine. Together, AI imaging and genetic analysis may help doctors rapidly pinpoint a diagnosis and create a highly personalized treatment plan, thus improving a patient's care. AI and the potential for genetic analysisIn addition to medical imaging, AI could one day comb through large amounts of genetic information, a challenging task for researchers. A possible convergence in the clinicWang does not see combining AI imaging and AI genetic analysis at the doctor's office happening within the next couple of years. Chang and his colleagues are investigating how AI analysis of brain scans can predict genetic mutations in brain tumors.
Persons: James C, Tsai, Peter D, Chang, Zhenghe J, Wang Organizations: Healthcare, Morning, Center, Ophthalmic Artificial Intelligence, Human, Icahn School of Medicine, US Food and Drug Administration, Applied, Research, University of California, Case Western Reserve University Locations: Mount, Irvine
A bumper harvest will strain storage capacity and hold down prices of the world's most traded commodity crop. Already corn prices are trending near three-year lows at a time when some food prices are rising due to tight supplies of other staples like rice, stoking inflation worries. Just 16 months ago corn prices were at their highest in a decade as the war in Ukraine disrupted supplies from the Black Sea breadbasket. USDA forecast that domestic corn supplies would jump 55% to 2.111 billion bushels in the 2023/24 marketing year, helping push the global stockpile to a five-year high by September 2024. Some growers need to take out loans to fund their operations as they wait and hope corn prices will rise.
Persons: Shannon Stapleton, Steve Pitstick, Pitstick, Stephen Nicholson, Bill Roenigk, Harold Wolle, Wolle, Tom Polansek, Caroline Stauffer, David Gregorio Our Organizations: REUTERS, U.S . Agriculture Department, Brazil, Rabobank, Corn, Maine Foods, U.S, Growers, Thomson Locations: Kelley , Iowa, U.S, PARK , Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, Ukraine, Cal
Scientists are setting out to collect genetic material from 500,000 people of African ancestry to create what they believe will be the world’s largest database of genomic information from the population. The initiative was launched Wednesday by Meharry Medical College in Nashville, Tennessee, as well as Regeneron Genetics Center, AstraZeneca, Novo Nordisk and Roche. Organizers said there’s a clear need for the project, pointing to research showing that less than 2% of genetic information being studied today comes from people of African ancestry. Each of the pharmaceutical companies involved intends to contribute $20 million toward the genetic and educational parts of the effort. ___The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Science and Educational Media Group.
Persons: Meharry, , Anil Shanker, Lyndon Mitnaul Organizations: Meharry Medical College, Genetics Center, AstraZeneca, Novo Nordisk, Roche, Genomics Institute, Organizers, Regeneron Genetics, University of Zambia, Project, Genetics, Corporate, Associated Press Health, Science Department, Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Science, Educational Media Group, AP Locations: Nashville , Tennessee, Americas, Asia, Europe, Nashville, U.S, Africa, Meharry
CNN —A new analysis of ancient genomes is deepening scientists’ understanding of the Neanderthal DNA carried by human populations in Europe and Asia — genetic traces that may have medical relevance today. The researchers found that, over time, the distribution of Neanderthal DNA didn’t always look as it does now. This resulted in a lower proportion of Neanderthal DNA observed in European genomes during this period. “The thing was that they had less Neanderthal ancestry so they diluted the (Neanderthal ancestry) in European populations,” Currat said. For example, Neanderthal DNA may play a small role in swaying the course of Covid-19 infection, according to a September 2020 study.
Persons: we’ve, , Mathias Currat, Currat, Dr, David Reich, ” Currat, Tony Capra, wasn’t Organizations: CNN, University of Geneva, Harvard Medical School, Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California Locations: Europe, Asia, Altai, Central Asia, Eurasia, East Asia, Boston, Anatolia, what’s, Turkey, Western, Northern Europe, Bakar, San Francisco
Three of the 11 Crop Watch producers increased their corn yield expectations this week, the most notable coming in eastern Iowa. A 3.77 for average Crop Watch corn yield is still below what was expected in July and August, and it would land above the 2022 yield but below that of 2021. Producers in Indiana and western Iowa also increased their Crop Watch corn expectations this week based on results from other fields. Final Crop Watch soybean yield for 2023 is likely to end at 3.5, up from 3.48 a week earlier. Only five of the 22 Crop Watch fields have yet to be touched, all corn: Both Dakotas, western Iowa, Indiana and Ohio.
Persons: Karen Braun, Matthew Lewis Organizations: . Crop Watch, Crop Watch, Producers, Reuters, Thomson Locations: NAPERVILLE , Illinois, Nebraska, Minnesota, Ohio, Indiana, Iowa, North Dakota, Kingsbury , South Dakota, Freeborn , Minnesota, Burt , Nebraska, Rice , Kansas, Audubon , Iowa, Cedar , Iowa, Warren , Illinois, Crawford , Illinois, Tippecanoe , Indiana, Fairfield , Ohio, The North Dakota, Griggs County, Stutsman County
It seems like just about everyone wants to know how to live longer, healthier lives these days, especially as more 100-year-olds speak out about how happy and fulfilled they are. 'How to Improve Your Healthspan Using DNA Insights with Dr. Bartek Nogal' on Longevity by DesignListen here Longevity by Design aims to speak directly to people hoping to live longer, healthier lives. In a recent episode of the podcast, Gil Blander, recurring host with expertise on longevity, interviews Bartek Nogal, a scientist who researches genetics, about the links between genes and aging. "Knowing your genetic predispositions to certain traits can help you fine tune your wellness plan, and Dr. Nogal and Dr. Blander explain how to do so in this episode," a description of the episode explains. 'The Small Molecules of Longevity' on Human Longevity Podcast
Persons: Radiolab, It's, Gnanasambandan, Marc Wittmann, David Eagleman, Lewis Howes, David Sinclair, Casey Means, Howes, Peter Attia's, ZOE, Jonathan Wolf, Peter Attia, Wolf, Bartek, Gil Blander, Bartek Nogal, Nogal, Blander Organizations: Institute for Frontier, Mental Health, The, ZOE Science, Nutrition, Design Locations: Germany, Harvard
Then the cramps came,” said Currie, one of only five people so far to eat a entire Pepper X. Pepper X is greenish-yellow, doesn’t have the same shelf appeal and carries an earthy flavor once its heat is delivered. His lawyers have counted more than 10,000 products that use the Carolina Reaper name, or its other intellectual property, without permission. He calls most hot pepper challenges stupid and cautions pepper peekers against being overly ambitious and reaching too quickly for a Carolina Reaper or Pepper X. “Is this the pinnacle?” Currie said of Pepper X, a mischievous smile warming his face.
Persons: — Ed Currie, Pepper X, ” Currie, Pepper, , Currie, it’s Organizations: Guinness, World Records, Carolina, Reaper Locations: South Carolina, Michigan, York County, Fort Mill
Scientists analyzed Atlantic puffin genes and found they had been interbreeding in recent history. The hybrid group formed when two of three subspecies of Atlantic puffins began mating six generations ago, around 1910, according to a study published in the journal Science Advances. It's important to study the genetic changes happening in puffins right now so we can best plan for how to protect, "such an iconic species," Kersten said. That likely corresponds to the breakup of an ancient glacier over the Arctic, Kersten told Insider. Kersten and his colleagues hypothesize that this happened because climate change made the northern habitat unsuitable for puffins.
Persons: Annemarie Loof, Oliver Kersten, Kersten, Evie Easterbrook, they're Organizations: Service, puffin, University of Oslo Locations: Atlantic, puffins, Farne, Northumberland, UK, United Kingdom, Norway
Attendees visit the 23andMe booth at the RootsTech annual genealogical event in Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S., February 28, 2019. REUTERS/George Frey/File Photo Acquire Licensing RightsWASHINGTON, Oct 6 (Reuters) - A hacker is advertising millions of "pieces of data" stolen from the family genetics websites 23andMe, according to posts made to an online forum where digital thieves often advertise leaked data. "We do not have any indication at this time that there has been a data security incident within our systems," the statement said. A second layer of password protection, known as two-factor authentication, can also help frustrate these kinds of hacks. Reuters could not immediately find a way to contact the hacker, at least one of whose posts has since been removed from the forum.
Persons: George Frey, Raphael Satter, Chris Sanders Organizations: REUTERS, Rights, Thomson Locations: Salt Lake City , Utah, U.S
Being a vegetarian might be in your DNA
  + stars: | 2023-10-04 | by ( Madeline Holcombe | ) edition.cnn.com   time to read: +4 min
The study published Wednesday in PLOS One found that there are four genes associated with how well someone is able to adhere to a vegetarian lifestyle. Several of the genes that the study found to be associated with vegetarianism had to do with metabolizing lipids, Yaseen said. Although this study may not provide a definitive answer, it is an important look into nutrition, he said. “This study shines a light on a relatively under-explored area of research: the genetics behind dietary preferences,” Ordovás said. “The association of genetic variants with long-term strict vegetarianism suggests a biological basis for this dietary choice, beyond just cultural, ethical, or environmental reasons.”
Persons: , Nabeel Yaseen, Yaseen, José Ordovás, Ordovás, ” Yaseen, ” Ordovás, Organizations: CNN, PLOS, Northwestern University’s Feinberg School of Medicine, Tufts University Locations: Massachusetts
Scientists thought a dog-fox hybrid was impossible until one was discovered in Brazil in 2021. However, the discovery of a dog-fox hybrid in Brazil suggests that "The Fox and the Hound" might sometimes be a little more "Lady and the Tramp." This is the first documented case of a dog-fox hybrid. What does the dog-fox hybrid tell us? AdvertisementAdvertisementIt is important to note that the pampas fox species is very different to the red fox (Vulpes vulpes).
Persons: , Jacqueline Boyd Organizations: Service, Fox, Scottish, Animal, Nottingham Trent University Locations: Brazil, Portuguese, Poland
There are eight previously known species of pangolin — four found in Asia and four in Africa. Genomics can help protect threatened speciesThe scales’ form initially suggested they belonged to one of four species of pangolin found in Asia. But DNA analysis showed that their “genomic data provide robust and compelling evidence that it is a new pangolin species distinct from those previously recognized,” Hu said. An analysis of contraband pangolin scales revealed genetic markers not seen in known species, researchers said. “We also expect to find other pangolin species,” Hu said.
Persons: CNN —, , , Jing, Yan Hu, pangolin, ” Hu, Aryn Wilder, Wilder, Manis mysteria, Feng Yang One, ” Wilder, , Hu Organizations: CNN, State Key Laboratory for Conservation, Yunnan University, San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance Locations: Asia, Africa, Hong Kong, Yunnan
CNN —It’s “hard to know” whether Hollywood star Bruce Willis is aware that he is suffering with frontotemporal dementia (FTD), his wife, Emma Heming Willis, has said in an update on his condition. Speaking to Hoda Kotb on the Today show on NBC Monday, Heming Willis described how the diagnosis has affected the couple and their two daughters. Kotb also asked how the diagnosis had affected Heming Willis. After retiring from acting in March 2022 due to a speaking disorder called aphasia, Willis was diagnosed with frontotemporal dementia, his family announced in February this year. “Since we announced Bruce’s diagnosis of aphasia in spring 2022, Bruce’s condition has progressed,” the Willis family said in a statement at the time.
Persons: Bruce Willis, Emma Heming Willis, Kotb, Heming Willis, It’s, Bruce, , ” Kotb, ” Heming Willis, Susan Dickinson, Dickinson, , it’s, Mabel, Evelyn, ” “ Bruce, Willis Organizations: CNN, Hollywood, NBC, Association, Alzheimer’s Research, US National Institute, Aging
In the past few months alone, researchers have linked Neanderthal DNA to a serious hand disease, the shape of people's noses and various other human traits. Research shows some African populations have almost no Neanderthal DNA, while those from European or Asian backgrounds have 1% to 2%. For example, Neanderthal DNA has been linked to auto-immune diseases like Graves’ disease and rheumatoid arthritis. The list goes on: Research has linked Neanderthal genetic variants to skin and hair color, behavioral traits, skull shape and Type 2 diabetes. Researchers found the skulls of domesticated dogs in Homo sapiens sites much further back in time than anyone had found before.
Persons: We’re, , Mary Prendergast, Hugo Zeberg, Svante Paabo, Zeberg, It's, Graves, Homo sapiens, Chris Stringer, , Rick Potts, Paabo, ” Zeberg, Raghavan, Potts, Denisovans, sapiens, Eleanor Scerri, Prendergast, Janet Young, Pat Shipman, John Hawks Organizations: Rice University, Karolinska, Research, Smithsonian Institution, University of Chicago, Germany’s Max Planck Institute, Geoanthropology, Canadian Museum, University of Wisconsin -, Associated Press Health, Science Department, Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Science, Educational Media Group, AP Locations: Sweden, Melanesia, New Guinea, Fiji, Africa, Europe, Asia, London, Eurasia, Germany’s, University of Wisconsin - Madison
Tech millionaire Bryan Johnson has made headlines for spending millions to try to age backwards. It'd be ironic if he died in an accident, and he knows it — and drives like it, according to a new TIME profile. Johnson says a mantra before he drives and at one point went 16 mph on the streets of LA, per TIME. Johnson told TIME that data compiled by his doctors suggests he has the bones of a 30-year-old and the heart of a 37-year-old, but doctors remain skeptical of his methods and results. Of course, that's not stopping Johnson from trying — even if it means occasionally getting honked at by impatient drivers.
Persons: Bryan Johnson, Johnson, It's, Jan Vijg Organizations: Tech, Service, Audi, Albert Einstein College of Medicine Locations: LA, Wall, Silicon, Los Angeles
Biotech CEO Bryan Johnson's strict diet, which he claims reverses aging, involves eating a blended mush of steamed vegetables and lentils. "I no longer have arousal from eating junk food," Johnson told Insider in a separate interview. Johnson told Time's Charlotte Alter that he thought his strict health routine was "the most significant revolution in the history of Homo sapiens." "I no longer have arousal from eating junk food," Johnson told Insider in a separate interview. AdvertisementAdvertisementTo be sure, scientists told Insider that Johnson's approach has unclear health benefits.
Persons: Bryan, Johnson, Bryan Johnson, Time's Charlotte Alter, Jan Vijg Organizations: Service, Albert Einstein College of Medicine Locations: Wall, Silicon
CNN —Obesity is becoming more common in a growing number of states, according to new data from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In 2022, 22 states had at least 35% of adults with obesity, up from 19 states in 2021. Ten years ago, CDC said, no state had an adult obesity prevalence at or above 35%. The data is from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a survey conducted by the CDC and state health departments. Obesity rates were lowest among young adults, with about 1 in 5 people ages 18 to 24 considered to have obesity.
Persons: Dr, Sanjay Gupta, Karen Hacker, Organizations: CNN, US Centers for Disease Control, CDC, Get CNN, CNN Health, CDC’s National, Health Locations: Louisiana , Oklahoma, West Virginia, Midwest, West
Cher is aging beautifully at 77, and there are certain choices she made for her diet and overall lifestyle that have likely contributed to her longevity. Though, it's important to note that longevity seems to be something that was always in store for Cher, thanks to her genetics. Her mother, Georgia Holt, lived to age 96; and according to a 1991 interview with People Magazine, her grandmother was exercising daily at age 72. "As my grandmother was approaching her 72nd birthday, I asked her, 'Grandma Lynda, what do you want for your birthday?' She said, 'Well, honey, I could really use some new sweat clothes—you know, some nice leotards,'" Cher told the magazine.
Persons: Georgia Holt, Grandma Lynda, Cher Organizations: Cher, People Magazine
Paldo worked for over 80 years from ages 18 to 99, and she believes working was a big contributor to her longevity. "That kept me busy, and I enjoyed working," Paldo says about her former job. Paldo's family started a sign business in Chicago producing electric signs, and Paldo was in charge of office work. "And I was the only one in the office that did all of the office work for our business, so it was enjoyable. Milman is also involved with the SuperAgers Family Study, which aims to discover the biological factors that contribute to longevity.
Persons: Madeline Paldo, Paldo, She'd, it's, Sofiya Milman, Milman Organizations: CNBC, Harvard, Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine Locations: Chicago, Texas
The first known hybrid between a pampas fox and a domestic dog was discovered in Brazil. Her father was a domestic dog of an unspecified breed. AdvertisementAdvertisementThe dog-fox resembles both a dog and a fox and shares characteristics with both animals, scientists said. Other names suggested for the animal were "graxorra" and "dogxim," which reference the Portuguese names for the pampas fox and female dog. This type of hybridization can threaten wildlife conservation due to risks of introgression and disease transmission by the dog, the study said.
Persons: Flávia Ferrari, Ferrari, Bruna Elenara Organizations: Service, British, The Telegraph, Telegraph, Universidade Federal Locations: Brazil, Wall, Silicon, South America, Universidade, Rio Grande do Sul, North America, Europe, Africa, Universidade Federal, Santa Maria
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