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AGI is a distance awayOpenAI's new o1 models make improvements in the ability of AI models to reason. AdvertisementIn some ways, the o1 models do enter OpenAI into a new paradigm. pic.twitter.com/niqRO9hhg1 — Noam Brown (@polynoamial) September 12, 2024Where previous AI models were bottlenecked by the data fed to them during the "pre-training" phase, Brown wrote, o1 models showed that "we can now scale inference". Related storiesJim Fan, a senior research scientist at Nvidia, noted that the technicalities underlying this are what have helped make this fundamental breakthrough of OpenAI's o1 models possible. Uncertainty hovers over how o1 models will perform more broadly.
Persons: , OpenAI, Sam Altman, Noam Brown, niqRO9hhg1 — Noam Brown, Brown, Jim Fan, Fan, Altman, Will Depue, — Sam Altman, Ethan Mollick, it's Organizations: Service, Business, o1, International, pretraining, Nvidia, OpenAI's o1, Wharton Locations: San Francisco
The new model can work through complex tasks and, in comparison to previous models, solve more difficult problems in science, coding, and math. AdvertisementFor example, it beat GPT-4o — a multimodal model OpenAI unveiled in May — in the qualifying exam for the International Mathematics Olympiad by a long shot. Over the summer, while o1 was still in development, the company unveiled a new five-level classification system for tracking its progress toward that goal. But when Mollick asked o1 to solve a crossword puzzle, it thought about it for a "full 108 seconds" before responding. AdvertisementSince OpenAI unveiled GPT-4 last year, it's been releasing successive iterations in its quest to invent AGI.
Persons: , OpenAI, Ethan Mollick, Mollick, Gary Marcus, it's Organizations: Service, Business, o1, International, Company, University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School, New York University Locations: , AGI, GPT
Thomas d'Halluin, Managing Partner of Airbus Ventures, at Hangar One of NASA Ames Research Center's Moffett Field in California. Airbus VenturesAirbus Ventures, one of the most prolific investors in space startups, has raised a $155 million fund that it plans to deploy across the burgeoning space sector, as well as the broader "deep tech" ecosystem. "This fund is designed to unlock new possibilities, and space is one of them," Thomas d'Halluin, managing partner of Airbus Ventures, told CNBC. Historically, deep tech is a classification for companies working on technologies that face steep scientific or engineering obstacles. Airbus Ventures currently has $465 million under management, with Fund-Y marking its fourth fund to date.
Persons: Thomas d'Halluin, d'Halluin Organizations: Airbus Ventures, NASA Ames Research, Moffett, Airbus Ventures Airbus Ventures, CNBC, Spaceflight, SpaceX Locations: California, European
When Bill Gates dropped out of college to co-found Microsoft, he wasn't thinking about becoming a billionaire or running a company that's now valued at more than $3 trillion. At the time, in 1976, computer obsessives like Gates and co-founder Paul Allen were considered "hobbyists" — yet they fervently believed that a technological revolution was imminent. And I was willing to focus my life, in my 20s, just on software, just on the one job," says Gates. Specifically, that job was creating high-quality software that could make the general public actually embrace the personal computer. That intense focus on creating the best product possible didn't mean Gates wasn't aware that there was also money to be made — in fact, he insisted upon it from the beginning.
Persons: Bill Gates, Gates, Paul Allen, Allen, , Netflix docuseries Organizations: Microsoft, CNBC, Forbes, Netflix
CNN —Astronomers have observed the detailed motions of giant gas bubbles on the surface of a nearby star for the first time, which rise and fall like the inside of a lava lamp. The images show the surface of the star R. Doradus, a red giant star 180 light-years away in the Dorado constellation. The telescope enabled them to collect high-resolution images of the star’s surface over the course of a month. Convection bubbles can be seen moving on the surface of R. Doradus, as seen by the ALMA telescope in Chile. While convection bubbles have been spotted before on the surface of stars, the new observations tracked the motion of bubbles in a way that wasn’t possible earlier.
Persons: , Wouter Vlemmings, Vlemmings, , ” Vlemmings, Theo Khouri, Chalmers, ALMA, Behzad Bojnordi, Claudia Paladini, Paladini, ” Paladini Organizations: CNN —, Chalmers University of Technology, NASA, Chalmers, Energy, European Southern Observatory, Sun Locations: Sweden, ALMA, Chile
For this nuclear clock, the scientists used ultraviolet light to excite nuclear particles in an atom of thorium-229 embedded in solid crystal. For decades, atomic clocks have been used in GPS technologies, for space exploration and for keeping international time. The study of physics itself could be revolutionized by using nuclear clocks alongside atomic clocks, according to Zhang. “If the nuclear clock and the atomic clock transition frequency ratio is changing over time, it would be an indication of new physics.”Though there is still much progress to be made before nuclear clocks surpass the performance of atomic clocks — or replace them — these findings hint that such a time isn’t far off, Kolkowitz said. “As better UV laser sources are developed and as some of the mysteries and tricks of nuclear clocks get worked out, I expect that eventually some of the kinds of experiments we are currently doing in my lab to test relativity and search for new physics with atomic clocks will instead be performed with nuclear clocks,” Kolkowitz said.
Persons: , Chuankun Zhang, Zhang, Olga Kocharovskaya, Kocharovskaya, ” Zhang, Shimon Kolkowitz, Kolkowitz, ” Kolkowitz, What’s, Mindy Weisberger Organizations: CNN, National Institute of Standards, Technology, University of Colorado, Texas, M University, NASA, University of California, Scientific Locations: University of Colorado Boulder, Berkeley
The approval was a relief to the Europa Clipper team after the discovery in May of a possible issue with transistors on the spacecraft. Europa Clipper carries 10 science instruments that could determine whether life is possible on another place in our solar system besides Earth. Now, Europa Clipper has been approved to launch, with no changes to the mission plan, goals or trajectory. Exploring an ocean worldWhen Curt Niebur, Europa Clipper program scientist, began working at NASA in 2003, he faced the task of pushing a Europa mission forward. Each year, the effort to get Europa Clipper designed and built has seemed more difficult, he said.
Persons: NASA’s, we’re, , Nicola Fox, Jupiter’s, Jordan Evans, Evans, , ” Evans, Curt Niebur, ” Niebur, It’s, we’ve, That’s, Niebur, Laurie Leshin Organizations: CNN, Clipper, NASA, Europa Clipper, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics, NASA’s Goddard Space Flight, Science, JPL, , Juno Locations: Pasadena , California, Laurel , Maryland, Greenbelt , Maryland, flybys, Europa, gush
The controversial plan to regreen a desert
  + stars: | 2024-09-08 | by ( Laura Paddison | ) edition.cnn.com   time to read: +11 min
The Dutch engineer wants to transform a huge stretch of inhospitable desert into green, fertile land teeming with wildlife. “The only holistic way out of this situation is with large-scale ecological regeneration”So-called desert regreening projects are not new, and this is one of a number around the world seeking to transform arid landscapes. Costfoto/NurPhoto/Getty ImagesFor van der Hoeven, it was further proof his plan could work. “The scale reaches a level that helps prove that restoration can be done on a planetary scale.”It would add to other huge desert regreening projects also underway. The project was scheduled to kick off this December, but conflict has slowed everything down, van der Hoeven said.
Persons: der Hoeven, , Van, van der Hoeven, Ali Moustafa, , Van der, der, it’s, John Liu, Wolfgang Kaehler, Liu, ” Liu, Susan Gardner, Gardner, Alice Hughes, ” Hughes, Raymond Pierrehumbert, Pierrehumbert, — “, Van der Heoven, He’s, Van der Hoeven Organizations: CNN, United Nations, World Bank, UN, Hong Kong University’s School of Biological Sciences, University of Oxford Locations: Dutch, Africa, Asia, Maryland, Dubai, Lake Bardawil, Sinai, Bardawil, Egypt, China, California, Gansu Province, Yongjing, Gansu province, Nairobi, Hong, Gaza
"Nature-based carbon removals, such as soil carbon sequestration, store carbon temporarily in living biomass," said Dr. Allanah Paul, a CO2 removal and carbon accounting expert based in Europe. Nature-based carbon removal does have advantages. The rise of negative emissionsOther climate experts view the criticisms of nature-based carbon removal as missing the central point. "As an emitter, every company should focus on reducing their emissions, but as a purchaser looking to offset residual emissions, they should prioritize purchases of robust negative emissions," he stated. "My understanding is that Symbiosis intends to create a demand for high-quality nature-based carbon removal by setting very high standards for removal quality," Leslie-Bole said.
Persons: Paul, Allanah Paul, Strong, Julia Strong, Salesforce, Paul Davies, Haley Leslie, Bole, Leslie Organizations: Symbiosis, Google, Meta, Microsoft, Symbiosis Coalition, Coalition, Council, US, World Resources Institute Locations: Europe, Symbiosis, The State
“But when we put them together, we were able to achieve transparency of the mouse skin.”Once the dye had completely diffused into the skin, the skin became transparent. In mice, the researchers were able to observe blood vessels directly in the surface of the brain through the transparent skin of the skull. Guosong Hong/Stanford UniversityThe transparent areas take on an orangish color, Ou said, similar to that of the food dye. 5 dye, a common food coloring, was used at a low concentration in the study, and its effects were easily undone, according to the researchers. “However, a partially transparent (mouse) will already enable numerous research opportunities to answer questions relating to development, regeneration, as well as aging.”
Persons: Wells, , Zihao Ou, ” Ou, , Hong, Ou, Guosong Hong, Stanford University Christopher Rowlands, Rowlands, wasn’t, Jon Gorecki, Gorecki, tartrazine Organizations: CNN, University of Texas, NSF, Stanford University in, Stanford University, US Food and Drug Administration, California, Environmental Health, Stanford, Imperial College London Locations: H.G, Dallas, Stanford University in California, California, bioengineering, Ou
AI researcher Anima Anandkumar highlights the role of AI in weather, climate, and medical design. She formerly worked at Nvidia on machine learning research and now spearheads Caltech's AI research. The former Nvidia senior director of AI research and Amazon Web Services alum spent decades working at the forefront of AI algorithms and helped make Nvidia's FourCastNet weather simulator available as open source. I see that as the golden age of open research where even in industry, you could open source, you could publish, you could freely collaborate. To me, my goal to be having a dual appointment was to really enable open research and do that for beneficial tasks.
Persons: , Anima, Anandkumar, fluidly, I've, ChatGPT, I'm, it's, Gavin Newsom, That's Organizations: Nvidia, Service, Web Services, Caltech, Business, Big, Big Tech, AWS, TED, Gov Locations: Big Tech, California
Jim doesn't see a need to step in first thing Thursday morning and buy the dip. Through its Nvidia AI Enterprise service, Nvidia is in the process of building out a potentially massive software business. Quarterly commentary During Nvidia's fiscal second quarter, better-than-expected sales were driven by strength in all key segments, including a Data Center segment revenue record. Regarding China, Kress said, "Data Center revenue in China grew sequentially in Q2 and is a significant contributor to our Data Center revenue. Guidance Taking a closer look at guidance, Nvidia's fiscal third quarter may not have beaten the Street's estimates by the magnitude some were hoping for, but it's far from disappointing.
Persons: Lindy, Triple Lindy, Jensen Huang, Hopper, Blackwell, Jim Cramer, Jim doesn't, Colette Kress, Kress, it's, inferencing, ChatGPT, Cloud prem, Nvidia Isaac, Jim Cramer's, Jim, Andrej Sokolow Organizations: Nvidia, Revenue, Triple, Moore's, Hopper, Blackwell, Amazon Web Services, Google, Enterprise, Devices, Intel, Apple, Data Center, Networking, Management, Data, Centers, Automotive, Siemens, Nvidia Blackwell, Mercedes, Benz, Nvidia Omniverse, CNBC, Getty Locations: China, Boston, Silicon Valley
CNN —Each of the 32 colossal stones that make up the Menga Dolmen, a 5,600-year-old megalithic monument in southern Spain, is many times bigger than the largest megaliths at Stonehenge, the most famous Neolithic wonder. The upright stones that make up the walls of the chamber were not perfectly vertical, tilting inward at a gentle angle to make the building narrower at the roof than at the floor and creating a trapezoid-shaped chamber. The team calculated that each of the upright stones lean inward at a largely uniform angle of 84 to 85 degrees. The upright stones that form the walls also lean sideways against one another at a consistent angle. The Menga Dolmen sits atop a hill near Antequera, Spain.
Persons: , Leonardo García Sanjuán, , it’s, “ I’d, Mike Parker, Pearson, ” Parker, Pearson wasn’t, José Antonio Lozano Rodríguez, plumb, Miguel Ángel Blanco, García Sanjuán, Parker, Leonardo García, We’ve Organizations: CNN, Boeing, Spain’s University of Seville, University College London, Oceanographic Center Locations: Spain, Europe, Antequera
Read previewChat GPT-5, the next version of OpenAI's language model that changed everything, is on the way. As AI developers wait to test GPT-5, some have found a new way to bootstrap their way to more advanced AI without an entirely new model. Fewer idle GPUs then translate to more affordable computing, as Davis explained on the No Priors podcast released Thursday. When Davis and his co-authors used the compound AI method, the layered model produced the correct answer 37% of the time — a nearly 10-fold increase. "I think people are getting more sophisticated at thinking about cost in more of a life-cycle way," Davis said.
Persons: , Jared Quincy Davis, Davis, Sarah Guo, Elad Gil, iterating Organizations: Service, Business, Foundry, Lightspeed Venture Partners, Sequoia Capital, Systems
When I was a high school educator, I got a surprising phone call from a parent one morning. I was speechless — I'd never heard someone ask to volunteer at the high school level before. AdvertisementBut I don't see many parents in school hallways in middle and high school. Family involvement dwindles every year after 5th grade, and by high school, I only see parents discussing serious stuff like grades and college admissions. Some parents who usher at plays or poetry readings enjoy it so much, they say they want to go back to high school again.
Persons: — I'd, It's, I've, dwindles, Joni, it's, isn't Organizations: Service, Business
Opinion | Nate Silver on How Kamala Harris Changed the Odds
  + stars: | 2024-08-13 | by ( Ezra Klein | ) www.nytimes.com   time to read: +81 min
You know, Hillary Clinton, who was, I think, kind of a terrible candidate, won the popular vote by two points. So I don’t think they gave her a very good hand to play. It doesn’t matter who you are, it matters that you’re right and you’re able to prove it or bet on it in some way. What wasn’t in the Harris model that should have been?” “Yeah, maybe you really can meme your way to victory. And there’s something in it that I don’t think she can explain how she does it, but it makes her a fascinating leader.
Persons: Nate Silver, , ESPN’s Nate Silver, Silver, He’s, “ Savage, ” “, he’s, Ezra, Harris, we’ve, Kamala Harris, Donald Trump’s, There’s, Hillary Clinton, she’s, She’s, Gavin Newsom, It’s, Biden, I’m, you’re, Joe Biden, Democratic Party Harris, Liz, , , Donald Trump, that’s, George W, Bush, Donald Trump wasn’t, it’s, Michael Jackson, Woody Allen, , Chick, don’t, George Floyd, ‘ COVID, COVID, Peter Thiel, Elon Musk, Michael Moritz, Elon, Mark Cuban, Thiel, Max Chafkin, Mark Zuckerberg, Larry Page, Sergey Brin, Marc Andreessen, Ted Cruz, Sam Bankman, Tom Brady, SBF, Carrick Flynn, Oregon’s, I’m Carrick Flynn, Tara MacAulay, vouched, Bill Clinton, Tyler Cowen, they’ve, Jane, JD Vance, Peter Thiel’s, Vance, Trump, Steve Bannon, Don Trump, Jr, Tucker Carlson, Tim Walz, Josh Shapiro, Tell, you’ve, Shapiro, Walz, I’ve, Iglesias, Obama, Susan Collins, Joe Manchin —, Jon Tester, ” “ Sherrod Brown, I’d, Dana White, Hulk Hogan, Joe Biden’s, — let’s, Mike Donilon, Kennedy, ” “ Tim Alberta, Georgia —, Brian Kemp, Blake Masters, Rick Scott, ” “ Trump, Doug Burgum, Black, didn’t, — Woodrow Wilson, Harry Truman, Michael Jordan, everyone’s, Nancy Pelosi’s, Nancy Pelosi, Joe ’, we’re, I’ll, John Coates, Richard Rhodes, Natasha Schüll, Natasha Organizations: Oracle, Trump, Democratic Party, Facebook, Twitter, The New York Times, ’ Harvard University, Democratic White House, Republican White House, Democratic, Silver, George, Vegas, Poker, extroversion, Elon, Sequoia Capital, McLaren, Paypal, Republican, New, PAC, Alameda, Las, Ohio Senate, underperform, White, UFC, RNC, Biden, Biden ., National Association of Black Journalists, Deutsche Bank, Manhattan Project, Design Locations: Nate, Russian, Russia, , Elon, Florida, predestiny, Bahamas, Sam, Africa, New York, Oregon, Las Vegas, Petersburg, United States, Ohio, Trump, Minnesota, ” “ Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, Gaza, Chicago, Montana, Nevada, North Carolina, Georgia, Nevada , Arizona, Biden . Georgia, Carolina, Arizona, Ukraine, LA, It’s, Vegas
CNN —Data from a retired NASA mission has revealed evidence of an underground reservoir of water deep beneath the surface of Mars, according to new research. A team of scientists estimates that there may be enough water, trapped in tiny cracks and pores of rock in the middle of the Martian crust, to fill oceans on the planet’s surface. NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter took an image of InSight sitting on the Martian surface on February 2, 2019. “It’s certainly true on Earth — deep, deep mines host life, the bottom of the ocean hosts life. Windows into Martian historyThe findings add a new piece to the Martian water puzzle.
Persons: , Vashan Wright, , Mars, orbiters, InSight’s seismometer, Wright, James Tuttle Keane, Aaron Rodriguez, Michael Manga, “ It’s, haven’t, Alberto Fairén, Fairén, Bruce Banerdt, we’re, Banerdt, al, ” Banerdt, , ” Wright Organizations: CNN, NASA, National Academy of Sciences, Reconnaissance Orbiter, JPL, Caltech, University of Arizona, University of California, Diego’s Scripps, of Oceanography, Mars, Interior Exploration, Transport, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, University of Maryland, Cornell University Locations: Mars, Berkeley
Although steadily rising global temperatures and their effects are increasingly hard to ignore, Burt believes they're not yet factored into property values. Flood insurance costs will skyrocket since they're severely underpriced to climate risk, his research indicates. Related stories"I think that there's a lot of pent-up supply from folks, particularly who are being exposed to these ownership cost increases away from mortgage rates," Burt said. They'll then be prepared to either bear the burden of higher insurance costs, or sell. AdvertisementUnlike Ivy Zelman, who's another analyst with a knack for spying issues in the housing market, Burt doesn't think the Midwest is the best region for beach-dwellers to flee to.
Persons: David Burt, who's, Burt, they're, Ivy Zelman, Burt doesn't Organizations: Service, Business Locations: Georgia, Florida, New York
Today’s solar panels that use silicon cells, by comparison, typically covert up to 22% of sunlight into power. Another important factor fueling solar’s rise is its growing efficiency in converting the sun’s energy. But Wang noted that the research group is not advocating for the end of solar farms. “I wouldn’t say we want to eliminate solar farms because obviously we need lots of areas or surfaces to generate sufficient amount of solar energy,” he told CNN. Some coatings in lab settings have dissolved or broken down over short periods of time, so are regarded as less durable than today’s solar panels.
Persons: aren’t, Junke Wang, Martin Small, Wood Mackenzie, Wang, , Henry Snaith, Snaith Organizations: CNN, Oxford, Oxford University's Physics, Oxford University Physics Locations: Germany
PARIS — The best shot putter in track and field’s history spent this spring and summer experiencing something unusual: vulnerability. Doctors didn’t clear him to resume throwing the 16-pound metal shot until almost June. Only four men have thrown past 75 feet, 5 1/2 inches (23 meters) — and Crouser has done it nine times. It is not as though Crouser has won multiple Olympic and world championships while beating up on inferior competition, either. “I don’t really talk when I see him training because he’s the world record holder,” said triple jumper Jaydon Hibbert, a medal contender from Jamaica who competes collegiately for Arkansas.
Persons: Ryan Crouser, didn’t, ” Crouser, , ” Ryan Crouser, Adam Davy, Crouser, Ralph Rose, Parry O’Brien, Tomasz Majewski, it’s, , Jaydon Hibbert, “ I’m, he’d Organizations: PARIS, Paris Olympics, London Athletics, Stade de France, University of Arkansas, Razorbacks Locations: Oregon, Rio de Janeiro, Tokyo, Paris, U.S, Rio, Fayetteville , Arkansas, Jamaica, Arkansas
It made him not only shot put’s farthest thrower of all time — Crouser owns the world and Olympic records — but also indisputably its most dominant. “To say the least.”His opening throw of 74 feet, 3 ½ inches would have been enough to win gold by itself. It is not as though Crouser has won multiple Olympic and world championships while beating up on inferior competition, either. “I don’t really talk when I see him training because he’s the world record holder,” said triple jumper Jaydon Hibbert, a medal contender from Jamaica who competes collegiately for Arkansas. “I’m not going to bother the world record holder.”Ryan Crouser during the London Athletics Meet on July 20.
Persons: Ryan Crouser, — Crouser, putters Ralph Rose, Parry O’Brien, Tomasz Majewski, Bolt, Carl Lewis, Denis, Bernat, Crouser, didn’t, ” Crouser, , Leonardo Fabbri, Joe Kovacs, , Jaydon Hibbert, “ I’m, ” Ryan Crouser, Adam Davy, he’d Organizations: PARIS, Stade de France, Paris Olympics, University of Arkansas, Razorbacks, London Athletics Locations: Saint, France, Oregon, Italian, London, Paris, Rio, Tokyo, Fayetteville , Arkansas, Jamaica, Arkansas
Earth’s electric and magnetic fields and gravity cause charged particles in the ionosphere to flow away from Earth’s magnetic equator. Typically, plasma bubbles are long and straight because they form along Earth’s magnetic field lines. GOLD observations captured C-shaped and reverse C-shaped plasma bubbles close together in the ionosphere on October 12, 2020, and December 26, 2021. So far, GOLD has only observed two instances of the close pairings, but the C-shaped bubbles have the potential to disrupt communications. “Due to such wide view and continuous measurements, GOLD has allowed us to observe these mysteries within the ionosphere,” Karan said.
Persons: Jeffrey Klenzing, , it’s, , NASA SVS, Fazlul Laskar, , Laskar, ” Klenzing, Karan et, Deepak Karan, Karan, ” Karan, John Deere, Tim Marquis, ” Laskar Organizations: CNN, International Space Station, NASA SVS, Goddard Space Flight, NASA, of Geophysical Research, University of Colorado’s Laboratory, Atmospheric Locations: Tonga, Greenbelt , Maryland, Baltimore, Boston
No need to ball out to see the sights — Dubai has amazing free attractionsThe "Imagine" show at Festival City Mall is incredible. AdvertisementOn the outskirts of Dubai, see the world's biggest 360-degree projection show in Expo City for free. It's easy to get tired in the Dubai Mall if you don't book any free ride servicesThe Dubai Mall can take hours to explore. Caroline ReidThe Dubai Mall is one of the biggest in the world, with more than 1,200 stores spread over millions of square feet. It's so big that it even has a full-size ice rink, a Kidzania theme park, an amusement park, and one of the world's biggest aquariums.
Persons: , Caroline Reid, Perle, Dragone, we've, Kung Fu, We've, you've Organizations: Service, Business, Dubai, United Arab Emirates, Dubai International Airport, Al, Al Maktoum International, Emirates, du, pats, Marriott, Dreamworks, Festival City, UAE Locations: Dubai, London, UAE, Al Maktoum, Emirates, Expo City, Las Vegas
Bari is the father of Suborno Bari, a 12-year-old from Lynbrook, New York, who graduated from high school in June. Suborno Bari graduated from Malverne High School on Long Island in July at just 12 years old. Source: Bari familyInstead, Bari took Suborno with him to college classes and introduced his young son to his professors. Parents showing interest boosts kids' self-esteemMost children don't memorize the period table at such a young age. Suborno Bari, 12, celebrating his graduation with his father, Rashidul.
Persons: Rashidul, Suborno, Bari, Shaheda, Bari downplays, he'd, — who'd, , Suborno Bari Organizations: New York University, Brown University, CNBC, Lehman College, Brooklyn Technical High School, Columbia University, Malverne High, Brooklyn College, Mumbai University Locations: Rashidul Bari, Bari, Suborno Bari, Lynbrook , New York, Long
This mechanism, the researchers say, can not only give us more insight into the secrets hidden below Mercury’s surface, but on planetary evolution and the internal structure of exoplanets with similar characteristics. Mercury owes its gray surface to the widespread presence of graphite, which is a form of carbon. Also known as the Mercury Surface, Space Environment, Geochemistry and Ranging mission, it gathered data about the planet’s geology, chemistry and magnetic field, before the spacecraft ran out of fuel and impacted the surface. “However, some lavas at the surface of Mercury have been formed by melting of the very deep mantle. “Only future missions to the planet Mercury will tell whether these predictions were correct.
Persons: , Bernard Charlier, it’s, Yanhao Lin, ” Charlier, Lin, Charlier, , Giuseppe “ Bepi ”, Sean Solomon, Solomon, landers, ” Solomon, BepiColombo, Manley, Felipe González, González, ” González, Organizations: CNN, Mercury, University of Liège, NASA, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington Mysterious, Center for, Science, Technology, Research, Nature Communications, MESSENGER, European Space Agency, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Columbia University, ESA, University of California Locations: Mercury, Belgium, Beijing, Italian, Giuseppe “ Bepi ” Colombo, New York City, Berkeley
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