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Lab models of human embryos raise hopes and concerns
  + stars: | 2023-10-26 | by ( Katie Hunt | ) edition.cnn.com   time to read: +14 min
From the moment sperm fuses with an egg, human embryo development involves a string of complex and little understood processes. What happens during human embryo development, particularly in the crucial first month, remains largely unknown. However, 14 days is an important milestone because it is when permitted lab research on cultured human embryos routinely ends. He said, in the future, it might be possible to go as far as 40 days with human embryo models. Some in the field envision a “tipping point” wherein human embryo models might be afforded some protection like those surrounding human embryos, as scientific advances diminish the differences between the embryo models and their real-life counterparts.
Persons: CNN — It’s, , Jacob Hanna, demystify, they’ve, Hanna, “ It’s, ” Hanna, , Peter Rugg, Gunn, it’s, , Robin Lovell, Francis Crick, Naomi Moris, Francis Crick Institute’s, Moris, we’ve, ” Moris, It’s, Bobbie Farsides, ” Farsides Organizations: CNN, Weizmann Institute of Science, Weizmann Institute, Israel, Weizmann, Babraham Institute, International Society for Stem Cell Research, Stem Cell, Francis, Francis Crick Institute, Genetics, Development, , Sussex Medical School Locations: Israel, London, Brighton
As Abortion Access Shrinks, Hospitals Fill in the Gaps
  + stars: | 2023-10-23 | by ( Allison Mccann | ) www.nytimes.com   time to read: +16 min
As Abortion Access Shrinks, Hospitals Fill in the Gaps For this article, Allison McCann and Jamie Kelter Davis spent time with a patient from Indiana as she underwent an abortion at a Chicago hospital. Alaska Fla. Hawaii 16% 18% 20%+ Total or six-week abortion ban Wash. Maine Mont. Dr. Jonah Fleisher is a co-director of the Complex Abortion Regional Line for Access, or CARLA, which helps abortion patients find appointments at four Chicago-area hospitals. Chronic Conditions and Abortion Bans These health conditions, especially when left untreated, can add risks for abortion patients. Alaska Fla. Hawaii Diabetes among women High blood pressure among women Cardiovascular disease among women 9% 11% 13%+ 28% 30% 32%+ 5% 6% 7%+ Total or 6-week abortion ban Total or 6-week abortion ban Total or 6-week abortion ban Wash. Wash. Wash. Maine Mont.
Persons: Allison McCann, Jamie Kelter Davis, , , Roe, Wade, Conn ., Dobbs, Jenni Villavicencio, Jonah Fleisher, CARLA, Laura Laursen, Laursen, Dr, Conn . Conn ., Kan ., Nev, PolicyMap, “ It’s, Allison Cowett, Erica Hinz, couldn’t, Caroline Nyheim, Qudsiyyah Shariyf, Megan Jeyifo, J.B . Pritzker, CARLA —, — you’re, Mr, Pritzker Organizations: ” RUSH University Medical Center, Health, Ore, Conn . Pa . Iowa Neb, N.J . Ohio Nev, Ill . Utah Md, ., . Ill . Utah Md, OB, Society for Family Planning, Midwest, RUSH University Medical Center, Diabetes, Conn . Pa . Iowa Neb . Ohio Nev, N.J ., N.M, Hawaii Diabetes, N.D ., Vt, Wis ., Pa . Conn . Iowa Neb, Pa . Iowa Iowa Nev, Nev . N.J ., Ariz . D.C, Black, S.C . Iowa Miss, Nev . D.C, White, Family Planning, Chicago Abortion Fund, South, Nurses, Chicago Abortion, Illinois, Gov Locations: Indiana, Chicago, Indianapolis, . Maine, N.D, Vt, Minn, N.H . Wis, Idaho, S.D, Mich, Conn, Conn . Pa . Iowa, N.J . Ohio, Ind, Ill . Utah, W.Va, Colo . Va, Kan, Calif, Mo, Ky, R.I, N.C, Tenn, Del, ., S.C ., Ga, Ala . Miss . Texas La, Alaska Fla, Hawaii, N.J, Nev . Ohio, . Ill . Utah, R.I . Tenn, Okla, Illinois, N.H . Wis . Idaho, Wyo, Conn . Pa . Iowa Neb . Ohio, N.J . Ind, Ariz ., Pa . Conn . Iowa, . Ind, . Ark, N.H, Wis . Idaho S.D, N.Y, Wash . Maine, N.D . Maine Maine Mont, Mont, Minn . Vt, Ore, Mass, Wis, Wis . Idaho Idaho, Conn . Conn, Conn . Conn . Pa, Pa . Iowa, Pa . Iowa Iowa Nev . Ohio, Neb . Ohio, Nev . N.J, Nev . N.J . Ohio, W.Va . Ind, Ill, Colo . Utah Utah Md, Md, W.Va . Va . Colo, Colo, Ky . Va . Va, Kan . Kan, R.I . Ky, Okla . Tenn, Ariz . Ark, Ala . Miss ., Ala . Ala . Miss, . Texas La . Texas Texas, La . Alaska Alaska Alaska Fla, Fla, Hawaii Hawaii Hawaii, Ohio, Pa . Minn, Neb, Mo . Md, Ala, Wash, Ky . N.J, Conn . Va . Ind, S.C . Iowa, Ariz, Tex, Nev ., Fla ., Massachusetts
If the body uses up its stores, iron deficiency can lead to a reduction in hemoglobin and the number of healthy red blood cells, called anemia. So someone with normal hemoglobin levels might still have low levels of iron, Dr. Munro said. There are other forms of anemia, including inherited red blood cell disorders like sickle cell disease, but anemia caused by iron deficiency is the most common type in the U.S. During pregnancy, when the demand for iron in the mother, the placenta and the growing fetus increases, so too does the risk that iron deficiency turns into anemia. Complicating matters, there is debate among medical institutions about what is considered a healthy amount of iron in the blood.
Persons: Munro, Angela Weyand, Michael Georgieff, Weyand Organizations: U.S, University of Michigan Medical, Masonic Institute, University of Minnesota, World Health Organization
NEW YORK (AP) — U.S. health officials on Friday recommended RSV vaccinations for moms-to-be, a second new option to protect newborns from serious lung infections. The shots should be given late in pregnancy but only during RSV season, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said. The RSV vaccine, made by Pfizer, should only be given between 32 weeks and 36 weeks of pregnancy. Some CDC panel members who ultimately supported the recommendation expressed reservations. Several also balked at the $295-a-dose price Pfizer has been charging for the same RSV vaccine for seniors, called Abrysvo.
Persons: , Mandy Cohen, Cohen, Grace Lee Organizations: , Centers for Disease Control, Prevention, Pfizer, CDC, Associated Press Health, Science Department, Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Science, Educational Media Group, AP Locations: — U.S, U.S
An artificial womb for humans would be a scientific advance that could help solve a major health problem. An artificial womb is not designed to replace a pregnant person; it could not be used from conception until birth. The artificial womb could be able to help the baby develop further through those vital final stages when the lung and brain are developing. In each study, the artificial womb is constructed a little bit differently. If an artificial womb was ultimately approved for use with humans, doctors will have to have conversations with parents about how successful such an intervention could be.
Persons: Prematurity, there’s, Dr, Sanjay Gupta Organizations: CNN, Food and Drug Administration, World Health, US Centers for Disease Control, Pediatric, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Newborn, University of Michigan, University of Toronto, CNN Health, FDA Locations: White, Japan, Australia
Scientists used stem cells to create a model of an embryo in the lab without sperm or egg. Researchers brought us one step closer to understanding those early days by making a model of a human embryo in the lab, without using sperm or eggs. How scientists grew a model human embryo without a sperm or eggAn illustration of embryonic stem cells. Stem cells are cells that form other, more complex cell types depending on what messages the body sends them. Starting with stem cells, the researchers turned them into types of cells that make up a human embryo, from placenta to fetus.
Persons: Jacob Hanna, Hanna, aren't Organizations: Service, Weizmann Institute of Science, Mayo Clinic, BBC Locations: Wall, Silicon
CNN —A surgical tool the size of a dinner plate was found inside a woman’s abdomen 18 months after her baby was delivered by cesarean section, according to a report by New Zealand’s Health and Disability Commissioner. The AWR is a retractable cylindrical device with a translucent film used to draw back the edges of a wound during surgery. The woman suffered months of chronic pain and went for several checkups to find out what was wrong, including X-rays that showed no sign of the device. New Zealand’s Health and Disability Commissioner, Morag McDowell, found Te Whatu Ora Auckland – the Auckland District Health Board – in breach of the code of patient rights, in a report released on Monday. Dr Mike Shepherd, Te Whatu Ora Health New Zealand group director of operations for Te Toka Tumai Auckland, apologized for the error in a statement.
Persons: Alexis retractor, Morag McDowell, Te, Ora, cesarean, ” McDowell, Alexis Retractor doesn’t, McDowell, Dr Mike Shepherd, Whatu Ora, Organizations: CNN, New Zealand’s Health, Disability, Auckland City Hospital, Health, AWRs, Ora Health Locations: Auckland, Ora, Toka, Te Toka
“It’s been a hell of a journey.”Kaius holds onto Chad Staples as they walk around the zoo. Eventually, Kisane put down the baby and zoo staff rushed in to grab him. Chad Staples/Mogo Wildlife ParkA fight to stay aliveKaius, then still just a day old, was diagnosed with sepsis pneumonia. Kaius moved from Staples’ house – which is inside the zoo – to the gorilla enclosure, in a pen neighboring G-Anne, his new adoptive mom. But resettling a baby gorilla comes with tremendous risk.
Persons: Australia CNN —, Chad Staples, ” Staples, Kaius, you’ve, , , Staples, Anne, “ It’s, ” Kaius, Kipensi, Kisane, Kriba –, “ We’re, ” “ He’d, Hilary Whiteman, she’s, “ I’m, it’s, I’m, It’d Organizations: Australia CNN, CNN, Kaius, ” Zoo Locations: Brisbane, Australia, Staples, New South Wales
BPA is an endocrine disruptor, meaning that it mimics or interferes with the body’s hormones. It governs weight management and your energy levels, not to mention your skin’s appearance and your ability to fend off illness. Others have tried to argue that some of the chemicals in clothing fell within the legal and regulatory limits. The signs that something is very, very wrong with our reproductive health and endocrine systems are myriad. After all, you might be undoing the benefits of hitting the gym every day when your workout clothes could be doing so much damage to your health.
Persons: Alden Wicker, Athleta, Alden Wicker Alden Wicker, There’s, bisphenol, Ashley Eskew, , Thinx, ” Dr, Laura Vandenberg, Down, , Shanna, Dr, Graham Peaslee, PFAS, Swan, lipsticks, , ” Eskew, Eskew Organizations: New York Times, Vox, Wired, CNN, Center for Environmental Health, Nike, IKEA, Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, CBC, US Environmental Protection Agency, Industry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, of Environmental Health Sciences, Notre, Twitter Locations: Putnam, California, Patagonia, ” North Carolina, Spain
CNN —If TikTok and Reddit influencers are to be believed, the plant-based compound called berberine can be a replacement for such popular diabetes and weight loss drugs as Ozempic and Wegovy. Is berberine’s weight loss effect meaningful? Berberine may enhance the body’s natural production of GLP-1, or glucagon-like peptide 1, a gastrointestinal hormone that’s used in Ozempic and other new weight loss drugs. However, in terms of its weight loss benefits, they are modest at best,” he said. “Metformin lowers blood sugar, and berberine lowers blood sugar,” Levitt said.
Persons: Berberine, , , Caroline Apovian, Justin Ryder, Ryder, Joshua Levitt, Ashurbanipal, ” Levitt, Gaston Ernesto Gonzalez Avila, Levitt Organizations: CNN, US Food and Drug Administration, Harvard Medical School, Center, Weight Management, Wellness, Brigham, Women’s Hospital, Northwestern University’s Feinberg School of Medicine, BMI, National Library of Medicine, FDA, American Chemical Society Locations: Boston, Chicago, Ayurveda, Hamden , Connecticut
BARCELONA, June 29 (Reuters) - Researchers in Barcelona are trying to "trick nature" by creating an artificial womb for extremely premature babies after tests on animals kept foetuses alive for 12 days. Their artificial placenta prototype recreates a protective environment with a translucent container made of biocompatible material inside which the foetus' lungs, intestines and brain can continue to develop. Babies born after six months of pregnancy or less are considered extremely premature with a high risk of death or disability. It's a challenge, it's extremely delicate to achieve this, to trick nature to make this possible," Gratacos said. "Although it is an exciting development, the artificial placenta is not intended to replace a natural placenta," Werner said.
Persons: Eduard Gratacos, Gratacos, Kelly Werner, Werner, Horaci Garcia, Emma Pinedo, David Latona, Andrew Cawthorne Organizations: Reuters, Fundacion La Caixa, Caixabank, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Columbia University, Science Media Centre, Thomson Locations: BARCELONA, Barcelona, Spanish
The research raises critical legal and ethical questions, and many countries, including the US, don’t have laws governing the creation or treatment of synthetic embryos. “Unlike human embryos arising from in vitro fertilization (IVF), where there is an established legal framework, there are currently no clear regulations governing stem cell derived models of human embryos. “I just wish to stress that they are not human embryos,” Zernicka-Goetz said. Right now, the synthetic model human embryos are confined to test tubes. “There is much work to be done to determine the similarities and differences between synthetic embryos and embryos that form from the union of an egg and a sperm.”
Persons: CNN —, ” James Briscoe, Francis Crick, Dr, Magdalena Zernicka, Goetz, Zernicka, , ” Zernicka, , haven’t, Sanjay Gupta, ” Roger Sturmey Organizations: CNN, Francis, Francis Crick Institute, International Society for, CalTech, University of Cambridge, The Guardian, CNN Health, University of Manchester Locations: United States, United Kingdom, Boston, Israel
But it can develop in anyone, including someone who’s thin and super healthy,” said Dr. Nicole Calloway Rankins, a maternal health advocate and obstetrician-gynecologist in Richmond, Virginia. However, high blood pressure, often called the “silent killer,” does not always show signs, so the best prevention is regular checkups and blood pressure readings throughout pregnancy, experts say. That’s literally a hypertensive crisis.”For people worried about heart disease, blood pressure at those levels would be concerning, but not a crisis. What is it about pregnancy that makes high blood pressure so dangerous? “We really have to be vigilant and understand that blood pressure in pregnancy is different than outside of pregnancy.
Persons: Tori Bowie, Bowie, , Nicole Calloway Rankins, , Antonia Oladipo, Eclampsia, Eleni Tsigas, Alastair Grant, Rankins, Tori, ” Tsigas, “ We’ve, Tsigas, it’s, don’t, ” Rankins, something’s, Joe Biden, Iffath Abbasi Hoskins, Gynecologists, ” Hoskins, ” CNN’s Jacqueline Howard Organizations: CNN, US Centers for Disease Control, CDC, Cleveland Clinic, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Preeclampsia Foundation, National Institutes of Health, Commonwealth Fund, Dimes, Century Foundation, Data, National Center for Health Statistics, American College of Obstetricians Locations: preeclampsia, Richmond , Virginia, New Jersey, Melbourne , Florida, Florida, London, Orlando , Florida, United States
For another, her anxiety and physical discomfort were approaching what felt like an unbearable peak. A week or so later, she delivered a tiny, squirming boy with jet black hair and soft, curious eyes. Marleny thought he was perfect, but her mother, a retired midwife, insisted that the placenta contained a hint of trouble. Go to the registrar’s office, the nurses told Marleny and Andrés. But the registrar’s office only sent Andrés back to the hospital, where a different nurse told them to try the notary’s office instead.
"So many of the things in this ruling I would say are completely flawed," a researcher told Insider. But an OB-GYN told Insider the judge's interpretation of what the drug does is medically inaccurate. Mifepristone and misoprostol are used before we can even see an embryo on ultrasound," Grossman told Insider. Spreading such misinformation through an official judicial ruling, Biggs said, is "inappropriate, unethical, and jarring." It's definitely not going to help or prevent mental health harm or physical harm as it claims – it's going to do the opposite."
When Does Life Begin?
  + stars: | 2022-12-31 | by ( Elizabeth Dias | Bethany Mollenkof | ) www.nytimes.com   time to read: +19 min
“It is not black and white.”America’s fight over abortion has long circled a question, one that is broad and without consensus:When does life begin? The question of when life begins has been so politicized it can be hard to thoughtfully engage. Ancient Egypt gave the power to create new human life almost entirely to men. The scientific revolution, from Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution to reproductive science, disrupted centuries of thought on human life. “When does the responsibility for a life begin and end?”
Kathryn Cross is the founder of Anja Health, a cord blood bank that freezes stem cells for future disease treatment purposes. I first heard about the startup accelerator Y Combinator when I was studying at Wellesley College and taking entrepreneurship classes at MIT. Many of the founders living in the house were in Y Combinator, and they told me how beneficial it was. I left my job with Publicis Sapient in June 2021 to begin working full-time for Anja Health. Did you go through Y Combinator and have a story to tell?
The Maltese government has said it will propose a change to its total ban on abortion. Under the proposed changes, doctors can terminate a pregnancy if the mother's life is at risk. The U-turn comes after Andrea Prudente from Seattle nearly died on the island due to her pregnancy. The proposed changes, however, will not allow for abortion in any other circumstances, including rape, incest, or severe fetal anomalies. —Doctors for Choice Malta (@Drs4ChoiceMalta) November 16, 2022However, Prudente's placenta detached at 16 weeks, making her pregnancy unviable and putting her at risk of a severe, life-threatening infection.
Pfizer’s vaccine candidate is administered to pregnant women who then make antibodies that cross the placenta and protect the baby after birth. In March, the FDA designated Pfizer’s RSV vaccine a breakthrough therapy, a status that speeds its review. Pfizer’s vaccine contains the virus’ F-protein, the site that it uses to attach to human cells. Pfizer’s RSV vaccine is bivalent, containing F-proteins from both the A and B subgroups of the RSV virus, which are the two most commonly circulating strains. “Further analysis to better understand safety data from these trials is ongoing,” spokesperson Alison Hunt said in a statement to CNN.
New RSV vaccines may soon put an end to rough seasons
  + stars: | 2022-10-31 | by ( Brenda Goodman | ) edition.cnn.com   time to read: +15 min
The monoclonal antibody, Synagis, is given monthly during RSV season to protect preemies and other high-risk babies. In the failed RSV vaccine trial, the chemical the researchers used to deactivate the virus denatured its proteins – essentially flattening them. Four companies have RSV vaccines for adults in the final phases of human trials: Pfizer and GSK are testing vaccines for pregnant women as well as seniors. Janssen, Pfizer and GSK each appear effective at preventing infections in adults for the first RSV season after the vaccine. The vaccines for pregnant women are meant to get newborns through their first RSV season.
German company Wasser 3.0, however, thinks it may have found the answer to cleaning up microplastic pollution before it reaches the ocean — using a whirlpool and a specially developed hybrid silica gel. Courtesy Wasser 3.0 gGmbH | Philipp BrüderleThe hybrid silica gel consists of silicone-based chemicals called organosilanes, and is non-toxic, says Schuhen. During a 12-month trial at the Landau site, around 600 pounds of microplastics were removed, says Schuhen. Some scientists have suggested using magnetic fluids to separate microplastics from water or sticky film made of bacteria, but these processes are in their early stages. Schuhen says that Wasser 3.0 is an affordable, scalable and simple solution to the global problem of microplastic pollution.
Fetuses in the womb scowled after their mothers ate kale but smiled after they ate carrots, according to a new study of around 100 pregnant women and their fetuses in England. Thirty-five women consumed the equivalent of one medium carrot, and 34 women consumed the equivalent of 100 grams of chopped kale. An image from the FETAP (Fetal Taste Preferences) study showing a grimacing reaction to kale flavor. The grimaces in the ultrasounds "might be just the muscle movements which are reacting to a bitter flavor," Reissland said. In designing the new study, Reissland and her team chose powdered kale and carrots over juices or raw vegetables for a few reasons.
Mpox in the United States Fast Facts
  + stars: | 2022-09-05 | by ( Cnn Editorial Research | ) edition.cnn.com   time to read: +7 min
CNN —Here’s a look at mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, in the United States. 2003 - An outbreak in the United States is linked to infected pet prairie dogs imported from Ghana and results in more than 80 cases. June 22, 2022 - The CDC announces a partnership with five commercial laboratories to ramp up testing capacity in the United States. June 23, 2022 - New York City launches the first mpox vaccination clinic in the United States. July 22, 2022 - Two American children contract mpox – a first in the United States.
She had to agree to return to work for at least six months after her leave was up. It provides six weeks of fully paid leave and up to 12 weeks total when combined with sick and annual leave. I had eight weeks of combined annual and sick leave, which meant I could take the full 12 weeks off. A coworker told me she took six weeks of paid leave and eight weeks of unpaid leave. 6 weeks of paid leave isn't enough for anyone.
Medicii spun că o viață intimă armonioasă este foarte importantă pentru evoluția cu succes a sarcinii, dar și a viitoarei nașteri. În plus, la multe femei în timpul sarcinii apar hemoroizii, ceea ce creează dureri și disconfort”, explică Iraida Snigur. Care sunt beneficiile sexului în timpul sarciniiMedicii sunt unanimi în părerea că sexul în timpul sarcinii este necesar pentru ambii parteneri. Iată câteva avantaje de a face sex în timpul sarcinii:Buna dispozițieAbstinența prelungită în timpul sarcinii nu este benefică nici viitoarei mame, nici viitorului tată. Plăcere mai mareÎn timpul sarcinii fluxul de sânge către pelvis crește, vaginul se îngustează și clitorisul crește.
Persons: Ginecologii, paterni, Snigur Organizations: Universitatea Leiden
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