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☆ A long-standing debt rule helped collapse Germany's government. Now the policy is ripe for reform
▼ + stars: | 2024-11-22 | by ( Sophie Kiderlin | In | ) www.cnbc.com time to read: +5 min

But what is the debt brake and why is it so contentious? Germany's debt brake, or 'Schuldenbremse,' is a fiscal rule that forms part of the German constitution. In some exceptional circumstances, the debt brake can be suspended — this happened for example during the Covid-19 pandemic. watch nowWhen the debt brake was first implemented, its advocates argued that it would ensure a sustainable, responsible approach to public finances and spending. Critics meanwhile, say the debt brake is too restrictive, and that it has hampered investment which is necessary for a successful future.

Persons: Olaf Scholz, John Macdougall, Christian Lindner, Scholz, Lindner, Philippa Sigl, CNBC's Annette Weisbach, Holger Schmieding, Carsten Brzeski Organizations: Bundestag, Afp, Getty, Former, Green, European Commission, CNBC, ING Locations: Germany, Russia, Ukraine

☆ Europe could try to stop — or get around — damaging Trump tariffs
▼ + stars: | 2024-11-11 | by ( Holly Ellyatt | ) www.cnbc.com time to read: +6 min

Critics of the proposed tariffs say the policy could lead to higher prices for U.S. consumers. That leaves Asia and Europe having to quickly consider ways to mitigate the future impact of export tariffs, and whether to retaliate or to try to negotiate a get-out deal. But economists also say that the EU could try to use the carrot instead of the stick with the U.S., suggesting there are three other ways Europe might try to stop, limit or avoid Trump's likely tariff policy altogether. German Chancellor Angela Merkel deliberates with U.S. President Donald Trump during the G-7 summit in Canada on June 9, 2018. Jesco Denzel | Bundesregierung | Getty ImagesWhether there Europe can reach consensus on how or whether to do a deal with Trump is debateable, however.

Persons: Caitlin Ochs, Reuters Donald Trump's, Europe scrabbling, Trump, Flach, Donald Trump, Jean, Claude Juncker, Andrew Kenningham, Didier Lebrun, Photonews, Mujtaba Rahman, Ursula von der, Von der, Joe Biden, Kenningham, Angela Merkel deliberates, Denzel, Carsten Brzeski, Emmanuel Macron, Angela Merkel, There's Organizations: Reuters, Trump, ING, Germany's, International Economics, Germany, U.S, EU, Capital Economics, European Union, Getty, Eurasia Group, Sustainable Steel, US Trade, Technology Council, Bundesregierung Locations: Upper Bay, New York, U.S, Europe, EU, China, Asia, Germany, Ukraine, Canada, France

CNN —Germany’s governing coalition has collapsed after disagreements over the country’s weak economy led Chancellor Olaf Scholz to sack his finance minister. The coalition has been at loggerheads over how to revive Germany’s economy. What problems is Germany’s economy facing? Germany’s economy, Europe’s largest, shrank last year for the first time since the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic. Party leader Alice Weidel has already hailed the coalition’s collapse as a “liberation” for Germany.

Persons: Chancellor Olaf Scholz, Christian Lindner’s, Scholz, Donald Trump, Europe’s, Angela Merkel, Gerhard Schröder, Merkel, Christian Lindner, Christoph Soeder, Friedrich Merz, Lindner, Liesa Johannssen, “ Lindner, ” Lindner, ”, Carsten Brzeski, “, Robert Habeck, Annegret Hilse, Merz, Alice Weidel, ” Weidel Organizations: CNN, Free Democrats Party, Scholz’s Social Democratic Party, SPD, Green Party, CDU, Trump, Social Democratic Party, Greens, ING, Volkswagen, CDU –, Christian Democratic Union, Party Locations: Germany, Germany’s, Nazi, Thuringia, France, Italy, Ukraine, China, ”

☆ Germany's government is on the brink of collapse — here’s what could happen now
▼ + stars: | 2024-11-04 | by ( Sophie Kiderlin | In | ) www.cnbc.com time to read: +4 min

Holger Schmieding, chief economist at Berenberg, noted that the three coalition partners have been acting "as if they were preparing to campaign against each other soon." Separately, the Green party's Robert Habeck, who is Germany's economy minister, proposed a policy plan to stimulate business investment that was criticized by the FDP. The Lindner paperAnother escalation took place on Friday, when Finance Minister Christian Lindner published a paper about reviving the struggling German economy. "The paper reads like a serious attempt to analyze Germany's problems and propose solutions. A hotly contested budgetA recent key issue within the coalition has been Germany's budget for 2025 — a topic that also features heavily in Lindner's paper.

Persons: Christian Lindner, Robert Habeck, Olaf Scholz, Sean Gallup, Chancellor Olaf Scholz's, Carsten Brzeski, Holger Schmieding, Scholz, Lindner, Greg Fuzesi, Morgan, Fuzesi, Berenberg's Schmieding Organizations: Climate, Bundestag, Getty, Chancellor Olaf Scholz's Social Democratic Party, SPD, Greens, Free Democratic Party, ING, FDP, Green, ZDF Locations: Berlin, Germany

☆ Germany's inflation surges to 2.4% as it narrowly skirts a technical recession
▼ + stars: | 2024-10-30 | by ( Sophie Kiderlin | In | ) www.cnbc.com time to read: +2 min

Germany's inflation surged to 2.4% in October, back above the European Central Bank's 2% target, even as the country narrowly avoided a technical recession in the third quarter. The preliminary print, announced by German statistics office Destatis, is harmonized across the euro area for comparability. Harmonized inflation had dropped to 1.8% in September, after coming in at the European Central Bank's 2% target in August. So-called core inflation, which strips out more volatile food and energy costs, came in at 2.9% in October, the German statistics office said Wednesday, an increase from the 2.7% reading of September. In a note translated by CNBC, Deutsche Bank economist Sebastian Becker said that the renewed rise in core inflation showed that the problem of growth in price increases was not resolved, and that further patience was needed.

Persons: Sebastian Becker, Carsten Brzeski, meanwhile, Destatis Organizations: Central, German, comparability, Reuters, CNBC, Deutsche Bank, ING Locations: Bavarian, Germany

☆ German inflation drops to 1.8% in September, below expectations
▼ + stars: | 2024-09-30 | by ( Sophie Kiderlin | In | ) www.cnbc.com time to read: +3 min

The September harmonized CPI figure had been forecast to come in at 1.9% according to a Reuters poll. The German harmonized CPI figure was last under 2% — which is the European Central Bank's target rate for inflation — in February 2021, LSEG data indicated. For that, the still elevated core inflation rate would also need to ease notably. Within Europe, data published last week showed that the harmonized inflation rate in France and Spain fell below the 2% target in September. "The recent series of disappointing economic sentiment indicators and lower-than-expected inflation data have provided new strong arguments for ECB doves," he said.

Persons: Destatis, Sebastian Becker, Becker, Carsten Brzeski Organizations: European Union, Deutsche Bank Research, CNBC, European Central Bank, ING, ECB Locations: Berlin, Germany, European, Westphalia, Europe, France, Spain

☆ ECB to cut 'even more aggressively' in 2025 if the economy weakens, ING Bank says
▼ + stars: | 2024-09-13 | by ( ) www.cnbc.com time to read: 1 min

Share Share Article via Facebook Share Article via Twitter Share Article via LinkedIn Share Article via EmailECB to cut 'even more aggressively' in 2025 if the economy weakens, ING Bank saysCarsten Brzeski, global head of macro research at ING Bank, discusses European Central Bank's interest rate cut, saying it was a "very dovish" one.

Persons: Carsten Brzeski Organizations: ECB, ING Bank

☆ 10-year Treasury yield rebounds after hitting its lowest level in more than a year
▼ + stars: | 2024-08-06 | by ( Sam Meredith | In Samuelmeredith | ) www.cnbc.com time to read: +2 min

The yield on the 2-year Treasury note traded over 11 basis points higher at 3.992%. Yields and prices move in opposite directions, and one basis point is equivalent to 0.01%. The yield on the benchmark 10-year Treasury note traded more than 7 basis points higher at 3.855% at 7:08 a.m. It comes after the yield on the 10-year Treasury note on Monday fell to its lowest level since June 2023 . Brzeski said he expects the Fed to move forward with a 50 basis point interest rate cut next month in order to bolster market confidence.

Persons: Jerome Powell, Mary Daly, Austan, Carsten Brzeski, CNBC's, Brzeski Organizations: Global, Federal, U.S, ING Research, Fed Locations: U.S, San Francisco, Chicago

☆ Germany's struggling construction sector is showing no signs of a recovery
▼ + stars: | 2024-07-23 | by ( Sophie Kiderlin | In | ) www.cnbc.com time to read: +1 min

The German construction sector is showing no signs of recovering, even after being in a crisis for months and despite pledges of support and investment from the government. Recent economic data shows the industry is still in a "dismal situation," Carsten Brzeski, global head of macro research and chief economist for Germany at ING, told CNBC. The data shows that between January and May of this year, permits for single-family homes fell over 31%, and those for multi-family houses declined over 21% compared to the same time period last year. Felix Pakleppa, head of the Central Association of the German Construction Industry, noted the bleak outlook for the sector. "Building permits in Germany continue to only know one direction: downwards," he said, pointing to the data, which has not reflected growth since April 2022.

Persons: Carsten Brzeski, Felix Pakleppa, Housebuilding, Pakleppa Organizations: ING, CNBC, Central Association of, German Construction Industry Locations: Germany

☆ The U.S. is now Germany’s biggest trading partner — taking over from China
▼ + stars: | 2024-05-10 | by ( Sophie Kiderlin | In | ) www.cnbc.com time to read: +1 min

Photo: Christoph Soeder/dpa (Photo by Christoph Soeder/picture alliance via Getty Images)After years of China being Germany's main trading partner, the U.S. looks like it's quietly taking that top spot as the year progresses. Several factors played a role in the change, Carsten Brzeski, global head of macro research at ING Research, told CNBC. […] At the same time, decoupling from China, weaker domestic demand in China and China being able to produce goods it previously imported from Germany (mainly cars) reduced German exports to China," he said. China has been Germany's biggest trading partner for years, but the gap between China and the U.S. narrowed in recent years. The U.S. has also long been a bigger market for German exports than China, Holger Schmieding, chief economist at Berenberg Bank, told CNBC.

Persons: Habeck, Christoph Soeder, it's, Carsten Brzeski, Holger Schmieding, China's, Schmieding Organizations: German, Getty, U.S, CNBC, Reuters, ING Research, Berenberg Bank Locations: Germany, China, U.S

☆ Europe is beating inflation. Why can’t America declare victory?
▼ + stars: | 2024-04-26 | by ( Anna Cooban | ) edition.cnn.com time to read: +6 min

The Fed aims to keep inflation at 2% over the longer run. Meanwhile, among the 20 countries that use the euro, annual consumer price inflation has slowed steadily since the start of the year. Fed Governor Michelle Bowman said earlier this month that she would favor a rate hike “should progress on inflation stall or even reverse.”So why does the United States appear to have a bigger inflation problem than Europe? Some economists argue there isn’t actually much daylight between the US and European rates of inflation, pointing to a quirk in the US measures. The measure is designed to track inflation in the real estate market while accounting for the fact that most Americans own their homes.

Persons: Michelle Bowman, Paul Donovan, Simon MacAdam, ”, MacAdam, ” Carsten Brzeski, Janet Yellen, Jim Watson, Brzeski, “, ” Davide Oneglia Organizations: London CNN, Federal Reserve, European Central Bank, PCE, UBS Global Wealth Management, Capital Economics, ING, CNN, Monetary Fund, Washington, Reuters, Getty, —, ECB, Lombard Locations: United States, Europe, Centreville , Maryland, AFP, Russia, Ukraine

☆ Euro zone inflation unexpectedly slows to 2.4% in March, with core print also below forecast
▼ + stars: | 2024-04-03 | by ( Jenni Reid | ) www.cnbc.com time to read: +2 min

Inflation in the 20-nation euro zone eased to 2.4% in March, according to flash figures published on Wednesday, boosting expectations for interest rate cuts to begin in the summer. Economists polled by Reuters had forecast the rate would hold steady against the previous month at 2.6%. The core rate of inflation, excluding energy, food, alcohol and tobacco, cooled from 3.1% to 2.9%, also coming in below expectations. Markets expect the euro zone's central bank will begin lowering borrowing costs in June — a position reflected in the recent messaging of ECB decision-makers. "Inflation has declined despite a jump in energy inflation, and a boost from an early Easter.

Persons: European Central Bank —, Price, Robert Holzmann, Carsten Brzeski, Kamil Kovar, Kovar Organizations: Reuters, European Central Bank, ECB, ING, Moody's Locations: Rome, Italy, France, Spain, Germany, Austrian

☆ Eurozone Inflation, at 2.6%, Continues to Ease
▼ + stars: | 2024-03-01 | by ( Patricia Cohen | More About Patricia Cohen | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

The bank also keeps a close eye on core inflation, which strips out volatile food and energy prices. That annual figure dropped to 3.1 from 3.3 percent, but it is still significantly above the headline number. In Spain, the annual rate dropped to 2.9 percent from 3.5 percent in January. Italy and Latvia had the lowest inflation rates, below 1 percent. Bottom Line: It’s all about energy prices.

Persons: ” Carsten Brzeski Organizations: ING Locations: Central, Germany, France, Spain, Italy, Latvia, Austria, Croatia, Estonia

☆ Can Germany’s sputtering economy be revived in 2024?
▼ + stars: | 2024-02-10 | by ( Hanna Ziady | ) edition.cnn.com time to read: +11 min

Europe’s biggest economy shrank last year for the first time since the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic. And the outlook isn’t much brighter: the International Monetary Fund predicts that Germany will be the slowest-growing major economy in 2024, eking out an increase of just 0.5%. “Germany needs a fundamental economic transformation,” Marcel Fratzcher, president of the German Institute for Economic Research in Berlin, told CNN. Carsten Koall/Getty ImagesHomegrown troublesAlongside an external environment that has become more hostile to Germany’s outward-facing economy, the country’s internal political climate has worsened. Businesses such as these, which can find new markets and applications for their know-how, may hold the key to reviving Germany’s moribund economy.

Persons: What’s, ” Marcel Fratzcher, ”, Carsten Brzeski, Jens Schlueter, Constanze Stelzenmuller, Christian Lindner, Olaf Scholz, Robert Habeck, Carsten Koall, Michael Probst, Karl Haeusgen, ” Sebastian Shukla, Chris Stern Organizations: London CNN — Trains, Lufthansa, International Monetary Fund, European Union, European Commission, German Institute for Economic Research, CNN, ING, Brookings Institution, Volkswagen, Biden, Free Democratic Party, Social Democratic Party and, Green Party, Deutsche, LinkedIn, Investors, SAP, chipmaker Infineon, Intel, MAN Energy Solutions, Germany’s Machinery, Equipment Manufacturers Association Locations: Europe’s, Germany, Ukraine, Berlin, Europe, China, Zwickau, United States, Russia, “, Japan, masse, Frankfurt, ”, Hamburg, Jungheinrich, Augsburg, Munich, Esbjerg, Denmark

FRANKFURT, Germany (AP) — Cutting interest rates too soon could threaten Europe’s progress in battling the inflation that has ravaged the economy, the head of the European Central Bank said Wednesday amid widespread speculation that the bank soon will lower rates from record highs. But higher prices have spread through the economy in the form of high prices for services and higher wages. Meanwhile, sluggish economic growth and the impact of higher interest rates on economic activity have sparked bets on rate cuts. Higher rates are the typical antidote to high inflation because they make it more expensive to borrow and buy things, reducing demand for goods. “The first question for next week's European Central Bank meeting is how the bank will react to current market pricing,” Brzeski wrote in a preview of the meeting.

Persons: Christine Lagarde, Lagarde, Carsten Brzeski, ” Brzeski, “ Organizations: European Central Bank, Bloomberg, ECB, U.S . Federal, Wall Street, Union, ING, Central Bank Locations: FRANKFURT, Germany, Davos, Switzerland, Israel, Europe, Ukraine

It's a far cry from the peak of 10.6% in October 2022 as an energy crisis left Europe's households and businesses struggling to make ends meet. The new figure is close to the European Central Bank's inflation target of 2% following a rapid series of interest rate hikes dating to summer 2022. Energy prices plunged 11.5% from November 2022. Meanwhile, the larger eurozone economy has stalled this year, even shrinking 0.1% in the July-to-September quarter, according to Eurostat. ___This story has been corrected to show that the eurozone economy shrank 0.1% in the third quarter, not grew by that amount.

Persons: ”, Andrew Kenningham, Christine Lagarde, ” Lagarde, That's, upended, ” Carsten Brzeski Organizations: Eurostat, ECB, Capital Economics, Energy, OECD, ING Locations: Europe, Germany, Europe's, Russia, Moscow, Ukraine

A constitutional court ruling on Nov. 15 against a budget manoeuvre to get around Germany's "debt brake" threw the financial plans of Chancellor Olaf Scholz's coalition into disarray. "As I have long been saying, we must fear that the debt brake becomes ever more a brake on the future," said Berlin mayor Kai Wegner on social media platform X. "The debt brake was implemented when Europe had a debt sustainability issue and Germany wanted to lead by example," he said. "With the debt brake as it is, we have voluntarily tied our hands behind our backs and are going into a boxing match," he said. The Greens' campaign programme ahead of the last election included debt brake reform to allow for greater investments.

Persons: Olaf Scholz, Robert Habeck, Christian Lindner, Chancellor Olaf Scholz's, Reiner Haseloff, Haseloff, Kai Wegner, Friedrich Merz, Carsten Brzeski, Roderich Kiesewetter, Stefan Marschall, Andreas Rinke, Sarah Marsh, Matthias Williams, Holger Hansen, Nick Macfie Organizations: Climate, Finance, BERLIN, U.S, Intel, Reuters, AAA, Christian Democratic Union, CDU, Christian Social Union, CSU, Berlin, Free Democrats, Social Democrats, Greens, ING, SPD, University of Duesseldorf, Thomson Locations: Berlin, Europe's, Ukraine, Saxony, Anhalt, United States, Bavarian, Federal, Germany, Europe, France, Italy, Spain, China

☆ German budget crisis: The economy is structurally weak, ING says
▼ + stars: | 2023-11-24 | by ( ) www.cnbc.com time to read: 1 min

Share Share Article via Facebook Share Article via Twitter Share Article via LinkedIn Share Article via EmailGerman budget crisis: The economy is structurally weak, ING saysCarsten Brzeski of ING says "it needs a lot of structural transitions, but that is something the constitutional debt brake has not foreseen."

Persons: Carsten Brzeski Organizations: ING

With some German property developers filing for insolvency, construction activity has dropped over a third from a year ago. That bleak outlook was despite the government recently announcing a 45 billion euro ($47 billion) support package for the property sector and measures to encourage house building, including tax incentives. With overall economic activity expected to remain weak over the coming quarters, it could take a while for the property sector to recover. The euro zone's commercial property sector could also struggle for years, posing a threat to the banks and investors who financed it, the ECB said recently. The median view of 12 property experts forecast average home rental prices to rise 4.0% or more until 2026.

Persons: Lisi Niesner, Sebastian Schnejdar, Carsten Brzeski, Indradip Ghosh, Purujit Arun, Rahul Trivedi, Sarupya Ganguly, Ross Finley, David Evans Organizations: REUTERS, European Central Bank, ECB, ING, Thomson Locations: Berlin, Germany, BENGALURU

☆ German budget crisis will haunt economy for years
▼ + stars: | 2023-11-24 | by ( Pierre Briancon | ) www.reuters.com time to read: +4 min

LONDON, Nov 24 (Reuters Breakingviews) - The German government is working hard to demonstrate the foolishness of the country’s iron-clad ban on large budget deficits. The budget crisis will cripple the economy for years to come, for three reasons. The debt brake, which limits structural budget deficits to 0.35% of GDP, has only been suspended for this year’s budget. Public net investment has been negative for 20 years, Marcel Fratzscher, head of the German Institute for Economic Research, has pointed out. The country is not on the cusp of a debt crisis.

Persons: Carsten Brzeski, That’s, Marcel Fratzscher, Christian Lindner, Lindner, George Hay, Streisand Neto Organizations: Reuters, Constitutional, Organisation for Economic Co, Development, ING, German Economic Institute, Public, German Institute for Economic Research, German, Germany’s, Thomson Locations: Europe, Berlin

Europe's largest economy shrank 0.1% in the July-to-September quarter as inflation eroded people's willingness to spend, Germany's statistics office confirmed Friday. The downbeat figures come as the country's budget crisis raises the possibility of deep spending cuts next year. A court ruled last week that previous spending violated constitutional limits on deficits, forcing Chancellor Olaf Scholz's government to put off a final vote on next year's spending plan. The court said the move violated rules in the constitution that limit new borrowing to 0.35% of annual economic output. He termed the uptick in the Ifo survey of business managers as “a bottoming out” rather than a rebound.

Persons: Chancellor Olaf Scholz's, quarrelsome, Christian Lindner, ”, Carsten Brzeski, Brzeski Organizations: International Monetary Fund, Finance, ING Locations: FRANKFURT, Germany, Russia, Ukraine

☆ German budget crisis tests limits of its 'debt brake'
▼ + stars: | 2023-11-20 | by ( ) www.reuters.com time to read: +3 min

The ruling has sent budget talks into disarray and sparked calls within Chancellor Olaf Scholz's coalition to suspend a constitutionally enshrined "debt brake" that sets legal limits on borrowing. WHAT IS THE DEBT BRAKE AND WHY WAS IT INTRODUCED? HAS GERMANY SUSPENDED ITS DEBT BRAKE BEFORE? Some analysts say the debt brake is ripe for reform and a more flexible fiscal policy would let governments take on more debt to fund much-needed investments. The government is still weighing options, including suspending the debt brake or curtailing spending.

Persons: Kai Pfaffenbach, Chancellor Olaf Scholz's, Angela Merkel's, Christian Lindner, Carsten Brzeski, Philippa Sigl, Robert Habeck, Riham Alkousaa, Holger Hansen, Matthias Williams, Christina Fincher Organizations: REUTERS, Rights, Finance, Reuters, Thomson Locations: Frankfurt, Germany, GERMANY, Ukraine

Underscoring the frustration, Economy Minister Robert Habeck, a member of the pro-spending Greens, called the verdict "a huge blow to industrial policy". Speaking to parliament, Habeck warned the court ruling put at risk support for the steel sector, which is counting on subsidies to decarbonise and stay competitive. Finance Minister Christian Lindner meanwhile said it was too early to discuss the consequences of the court ruling. "The steel industry alone can contribute to reducing a third of total industrial emissions - and thus has enormous leverage to save millions of tons of CO2 in the coming years." "The political bottom line is that many coalition disputes will reopen as serious budget constraints kick in.

Persons: Olaf Scholz, Christian Lindner, Robert Habeck, BERLIN, Wednesday's, Chancellor Olaf Scholz, Habeck, Yesenn, DBRS Morningstar, hawkish Lindner, Lindner, Bernhard Osburg, Carsten Brzeski, Eurointelligence, Maria Martinez, Christian Kraemer, Andreas Rinke, Markus Wacket, Tom Kaeckenhoff, Matthias Williams, Alexandra Hudson, Susan Fenton Organizations: Finance, Climate, Economy, Greens, CHANGE, Budget, European Central Bank, Thomson Locations: United States, Berlin, Germany

☆ German housebuilding is collapsing — and could drag the economy down with it
▼ + stars: | 2023-11-15 | by ( Sophie Kiderlin | In | ) www.cnbc.com time to read: +4 min

Fast forward two years, and German housebuilding looks like it's collapsing, putting pressure on both his hard-to-reach goal, but also the overall economy of the country. Over 22% of companies surveyed reported the cancellation of residential construction projects in Germany in October, a new record high. Expectations for the residential construction industry fell to what the Ifo described as an "exceptional low." "Things continue to go from bad to worse in Germany's construction sector. But it's also the jobs market that could be impacted by troubles in the homebuilding sector, Brzeski noted.

Persons: Soeren, Germany's Olaf Scholz, —, Cyrus de la Rubia, Carsten Brzeski, Brzeski, Klaus Wohlrabe, Wohlrabe, it's Organizations: Getty, Ifo Institute for Economic Research, Hamburg Commercial Bank, German Federal, Office, ING, CNBC, European Central Bank, ECB, European Commission Locations: downtown Wittenberg, Germany, Hamburg

A steel worker of ThyssenKrupp stands amid sparks of raw iron coming from a blast furnace at a ThyssenKrupp steel factory in Duisburg, western Germany, November 14, 2022. REUTERS/Wolfgang Rattay/File Photo Acquire Licensing RightsBERLIN, Nov 7 (Reuters) - German industrial production fell more than expected in September, data showed on Tuesday, as a recent slump in incoming orders took its toll on production. There are few figures that summarise the state of the German economy as well as industrial production, Thomas Gitzel, chief economist at VP Bank, said. "The industry-heavy German economy is dependent on production in order to achieve reasonable economic growth rates," he said, noting that industrial production this year has been weak. "Even though there isn’t any hard data for the fourth quarter yet, recent developments have clearly increased the risk that the German economy will end the year in recession," Brzeski said.

Persons: Wolfgang Rattay, Thomas Gitzel, Carsten Brzeski, Brzeski, Maria Martinez, Miranda Murray, Rachel More Organizations: REUTERS, Rights, Reuters, VP Bank, ING, Thomson Locations: ThyssenKrupp, Duisburg, Germany

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