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☆ Focus: Drugmakers go under the skin, skirting early US Medicare price negotiations
▼ + stars: | 2023-07-28 | by ( Michael Erman | ) www.reuters.com time to read: +5 min

Each year, Medicare will add more drugs to the list, the names of which have not yet been disclosed. Faspro, launched in 2020, already accounts for more than 80% of Darzalex revenue, which is due to rise to $9.5 billion this year. Merck previously told Reuters it expects this version of Keytruda could replace the more time consuming infusion for most patients. Keytruda revenue is expected to top $24 billion this year and could exceed $30 billion as soon as 2026, according to analyst estimates. The company has said its expects revenue from subcutaneous drugs containing hyaluronidase to drive its growth going forward.

Persons: Srdjan, Johnson, drugmakers, Bristol Myers, Roche, Biden’s, Michael DiFiore, DiFiore, Joseph Wolk, Faspro, Halozyme, Helen Torley, hyaluronidase, Michael Erman, Patrick Wingrove, Caroline Humer, Bill Berkrot Organizations: U.S, REUTERS, Wall Street, Merck & Co, Halozyme Therapeutics, Reuters, Bristol, Bristol Myers Squibb, Medicare, U.S . Centers, Medicaid Services, J, Reuters Graphics Merck, Merck, Thomson Locations: Ljubljana, Darzalex, Diego

☆ You can now find Costco-style low prices for generic prescription drugs at Kroger in a partnership with Mark Cuban's online pharmacy
▼ + stars: | 2023-07-20 | by ( Alex Bitter | Yeji Jesse Lee | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +3 min

Kroger is working with Mark Cuban's Cost Plus Drugs to offer some prescriptions at its pharmacies. Cost Plus customers can now pick up their drugs at one of 2,000 Kroger pharmacies. Patients who get their drugs through Cost Plus Drugs can now pick them up at one of 2,000 stores operated by Kroger, Cost Plus tweeted on Wednesday. He started Cost Plus in 2022. Cost Plus Drugs buys drugs directly from the manufacturer and ships them to patients at a 15% markup plus pharmacy fees.

Persons: Kroger, Mark Cuban's, Mark, — Mark, It's Organizations: Service, Kroger, — Mark Cuban, Plus Drug, Dallas Mavericks NBA, Costco, Walmart, Albertsons, Intelligence Locations: Wall, Silicon, Ralph's, Cuban

☆ Venezuela's ex-spymaster pleads not guilty to US drug trafficking charges
▼ + stars: | 2023-07-20 | by ( Luc Cohen | Thomson Reuters | Reports On The New York Federal Courts. Previously Worked As A Correspondent In Venezuela | ) www.reuters.com time to read: +2 min

Hugo Carvajal, 63, arrived in the United states on Wednesday after being extradited from Spain. "General Carvajal looks forward to fighting these outrageous charges in court before an unbiased American jury," Margulis-Ohnuma told reporters after the hearing. The drugs were ultimately bound for the United States, according to prosecutors. Dozens of Venezuelan military leaders, politicians and businessmen have been charged by the United States with corruption and drug trafficking. He was arrested in Spain on the U.S. drug charges later that year, but went into hiding after a court initially approved his extradition.

Persons: Hugo Carvajal, Judge Stewart Aaron, Zachary Margulis, Ohnuma, Carvajal, General Carvajal, Hugo Chavez's, El, Chavez, Nicolas Maduro, Maduro, Luc Cohen, Daniel Wallis Organizations: YORK, Department of Justice, U.S, American, U.S . State Department, Washington, Thomson Locations: United, Spain, Manhattan, Mexico, Venezuela, United States, Washington, Caracas, Aruba, Netherlands, Maduro, New York

☆ How the hit podcast 'Scamanda' could become a TV show, according to a leading exec in Lionsgate's audio arm
▼ + stars: | 2023-07-10 | by ( Marta Biino | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +6 min

She discussed how her team plans to turn podcasts into TV shows, and how "Scamanda" could be a doc. The show was produced by Lionsgate Sound, the Hollywood giant's new audio division that launched last year. Lionsgate is one of several television companies to start its own audio arm — like Netflix and HBO, which produce audio companions to their TV shows. Pilgrim is a Lionsgate-owned production company that specializes in unscripted TV, and also a minority owner in Lionsgate Sound. Conversely, the podcast division can also leverage the success of existing TV shows and programs by producing companion audio works for them.

Persons: Gretchen Stockdale, you've, Amanda C, Riley, swindling, Pilgrim, Stockdale, Elizabeth Holmes, Jussie Organizations: Lionsgate, Apple, Lionsgate Sound, Hollywood, Netflix, HBO, Pilgrim Media Group, Hulu, ABC, Bloomberg, Fox Nation

☆ Two health-care stocks are in the headlines. How the news impacts our investments
▼ + stars: | 2023-07-07 | by ( Kevin Stankiewicz | In Kevinstankiewicz | ) www.cnbc.com time to read: +9 min

Here's a deeper look at the headlines and their implications for our investment theses in these two health-care companies. The Club's take: The first-of-their-kind FDA and CMS actions came in generally as anticipated, and represent incremental positives for Eli Lilly. That's why some of the decline seen Friday in Eli Lilly shares – down over 2%, to around $453 each – could simply represent a sell-the-news situation. Eli Lilly has said donanemab could be approved by the FDA late this year or in early 2024. Our expectations around donanemab sales also are measured, and the drug is not the primary driver of our multiyear optimism for Eli Lilly.

Persons: Eli Lilly, Eli Lilly's donanemab, Leqembi —, Biogen, —, Lilly's, That's, Donanemab, Lilly, donanemab, that's, Lisa Gill, UnitedHealth, Humana, Gill, What's, We'll, Jim Cramer's, Jim Cramer, Jim Organizations: Club, Drug Administration, Medicare, Medicaid Services, FDA, GE Healthcare, Humana, JPMorgan, CNBC Locations: Massachusetts

☆ A first-class passenger told crew he would detonate a bomb unless the plane was diverted, later claiming that he thought cartel enforcers were waiting for him, authorities say
▼ + stars: | 2023-07-07 | by ( Sinéad Baker | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +4 min

An FBI affidavit says he handed a flight attendant a note threatening to "kill everyone on board." The flight was diverted from Seattle, where the man told authorities cartel enforcers were waiting. A first-class passenger accused of threatening to "kill everyone" aboard his flight later told authorities he'd wanted the flight diverted because he thought waiting cartel members would torture and kill him, the FBI says. The affidavit quotes the note as saying: "There is a bomb on the plane. Scott was said to have told authorities after his arrest that he had considered other ways to get the flight diverted, including assaulting a flight attendant or opening the cabin door.

Persons: he'd, Brandon L, Scott Organizations: Alaska Airlines, FBI, Brandon, Spokane International Airport, Sinaloa Cartel Locations: Seattle, Atlanta, Spokane, Sinaloa

Hong Kong CNN —US drugmaker Moderna has signed a deal to make mRNA medicines in China as part of its first major investment in the country, despite escalating trade and political tension between Washington and Beijing. The company currently only markets its mRNA vaccines for Covid-19, but has a number of vaccines and therapeutics in its pipeline. Those focus on addressing infectious diseases, immuno-oncology, rare diseases, cardiovascular diseases and autoimmune diseases, according to the company. Moderna’s Covid-19 vaccine, which received emergency authorization from US regulators in 2020 and full approval in 2022, has not been approved in China. For most of the pandemic, China relied on more traditional platforms for its homegrown Covid-19 vaccines.

Persons: Yicai, Janet Yellen, Biden, Moderna’s, Johnson Organizations: Hong Kong CNN, CNN, Xinhua, CSPC Pharmaceutical Group, Pfizer Locations: Hong Kong, China, Washington, Beijing, The Cambridge , Massachusetts, Shanghai’s Minhang, Shijiazhuang

☆ Mark Cuban's online pharmacy set to launch Humira biosimilar
▼ + stars: | 2023-07-05 | by ( Michael Erman | ) www.reuters.com time to read: +2 min

July 5 (Reuters) - Mark Cuban Cost Plus Drugs, an online pharmacy launched by the billionaire to sell drugs directly to customers at low prices, should soon begin selling Coherus BioSciences's (CHRS.O) biosimilar version of AbbVie Inc's (ABBV.N) blockbuster rheumatoid arthritis drug Humira, Cuban said on Wednesday. Cost Plus Drugs will sell Yusimry for $569.27 plus dispensing and shipping fees. Coherus introduced its Humira biosimilar in the U.S. market this month alongside offerings from other drugmakers such as Boehringer Ingelheim, Sandoz and Organon (OGN.N). Cuban's Cost Plus Drugs aims to drive down the cost of drugs broadly by selling them at a 15% markup over its cost, plus pharmacy fees. Cuban said the company hopes to provide other biosimilar drugs as well.

Persons: Humira, Cuban, Coherus, AbbVie, Michael Erman, David Holmes Organizations: Cuban, Plus, Sandoz, Cuban's, Thomson Locations: U.S, Organon, Cuban

☆ Why the Kennedys keep going back to their Hyannis Port compound after generations of tragedy
▼ + stars: | 2023-07-03 | by ( Raquel Laneri | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +10 min

In 1928, Joseph Kennedy bought a white-shingled cottage in Hyannis Port, Massachusetts, for $25,000. The main home in the Kennedy family compound in Hyannis Port, Mass. AP/Stew MilneHyannis Port became a homeBefore the Kennedys rolled into Hyannis Port, they had trouble establishing a summer home in coastal Massachusetts. Eunice Kennedy, Jacqueline Bouvier, Edward Kennedy, John F. Kennedy and Jean Kennedy play footballl while on vacation at the Kennedy compound in June 1953 in Hyannis Port, Massachusetts. (His father stayed in his Hyannis Port bedroom for five days listening to classical music when he heard the news.)

Persons: Joseph Kennedy, Kennedy, It's, —, Royce, Kate Storey, Joseph, John, Robert, John F, Robert F, Kennedy Jr, Robert's, John Kennedy, Carolyn Bessette, Saoirse Kennedy, Storey —, Stone —, it's, Stew Milne, Rose, Honey Fitz, Fitzgerald, Boston, Storey, Gloria Swanson, Franklin D, Roosevelt, Eunice Kennedy, Jacqueline Bouvier, Edward Kennedy, Jean Kennedy, footballl, Hy Peskin, Eunice, John's, Ethel, Jacqueline, Rosemary Kennedy, Joseph Jr, Kathleen, Robert Jr, Bobby Shriver, Joseph P, Ted Kennedy's, John Jr, Caroline, Jackie, Maria Shriver, Arnold Schwarzenegger, Caroline Kennedy's, Edwin A, Pat, Ted, what's Organizations: Service, Hyannis Port, Kennedy Hyannis Museum, Stone, Stew Milne Hyannis Port, Catholic, Hollywood, Big, Senate, Democrat, Kennedys, Big House, Kennedy Library Foundation, Democratic, Getty, Camelot Locations: Hyannis Port , Massachusetts, Boston, Hyannis, Cod, Hyannis Port, Hyannis Port ,, Stew Milne Hyannis, Massachusetts, Palm Beach , Florida

☆ A.I. enthusiasm drove up stocks this year. Here's how investors can catch the next opportunity
▼ + stars: | 2023-07-02 | by ( Samantha Subin | ) www.cnbc.com time to read: +6 min

Six months later, the promise of generative AI has boosted the Nasdaq Composite 31.7%, notching its best first half since 1983 . Betting on Nvidia Nvidia took Wall Street by storm this year. No matter how AI evolves, Nvidia was seen by many investors as a main beneficiary. Even with the stock's stellar performance, and recent entrance into the $1 trillion market cap club, investors aren't shying away just yet. "There will be an opportunity to get into some of these stocks at probably better levels than you're at now," Szilagyi said.

Persons: ChatGPT, Ken Mahoney, Mahoney, Jan Szilagyi, aren't shying, Sylvia Jablonski, Paul Meeks, Meeks, it's, Jordan Stuart, Eli Lilly's Mounjaro, Stuart, Szilagyi Organizations: Microsoft, Nasdaq, Nvidia, Meta, Apple, Mahoney Asset Management, Nvidia Nvidia, Nvidia —, Independent Solutions, Management, Investors, Big Tech, Federated Hermes, Novo Nordisk's Ozempic Locations: Hong Kong

☆ US border officers find nearly 900,000 fentanyl pills hidden in shipment of sinks, authorities say
▼ + stars: | 2023-07-02 | by ( Ashley R. Williams | ) edition.cnn.com time to read: +1 min

CNN —US Customs and Border Protection officers in California say they stopped the attempted smuggling of fentanyl pills with an estimated street value of more than $2.5 million. “While screening the vehicle using a port imaging system, CBP officers discovered anomalies within the shipment,” the release says. Authorities inspected the shipment with a canine detection team and found about 858,000 blue pills were hidden in the two sinks, CBP said. Officers seized the synthetic opioids and the cargo van. US border protection officers have seized over 19,800 pounds of fentanyl so far in 2023, CBP data shows.

Persons: ” Rosa Hernandez Organizations: CNN, Customs, Border Protection, Authorities, Homeland Security Investigations, “ Locations: California, San Diego

☆ Opinion: You might want to rethink taking melatonin as a sleep aid
▼ + stars: | 2023-06-29 | by ( Opinion Jennifer Martin | ) edition.cnn.com time to read: +6 min

CNN —You may know someone who has taken melatonin to help them sleep. Sometimes, they mention a friend who recommended a specific brand that’s supposed to be “really strong.” Then I ask them if taking melatonin has worked for them. Finally, people can become psychologically dependent on taking the supplement and become afraid of what will happen to their sleep if they stop taking melatonin. To understand how melatonin supplements work (and why they often don’t), it’s important to look at how the hormone naturally functions in the human body. This makes consulting a sleep specialist before taking melatonin all the more important.

Persons: Jennifer Martin, Australia — Organizations: David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, American Academy of Sleep, CNN, JAMA, European Union, Twitter, Facebook Locations: Los Angeles, cannabidiol, Canada, United Kingdom, Japan, Australia

☆ Zeynep Tufekci on ‘Breaking Bad’ - The New York Times
▼ + stars: | 2023-06-20 | by ( Zeynep Tufekci | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +4 min

The TV drama “Breaking Bad” does an exceptional job of capturing America’s other exceptionalisms. So Walter turns to yet another American institution that stands out among the nation’s peers: a vast and violent drug trade. Walter worries about his family’s future — especially that of his son, Walt Jr., who has cerebral palsy. But Walter Jr. is talented: In an episode that aired one year before the crowdfunding site GoFundMe was founded, Walt Jr. designs a website to solicit donations to help pay for his dad’s cancer treatment. 1 cause of bankruptcy in the United States.

Persons: topick, Alexis de Tocqueville, Barack Obama, “, Ronald Reagan, Walter White, Walter, —, Walt Jr, Walter Jr, Walt, Jr, ”, don’t Organizations: Caltech, National Rifle Association Locations: America, United States, GoFundMe, Covid

[1/3] Paramedics display a dose of the opioid overdose reversal drug Narcan, or Naloxone Hydrochloride, in an ambulance in Peabody, Massachusetts, U.S., August 8, 2017. The figure is up 0.7% from 108,825 overdoses recorded in the 12-month period ending January 2022, according to U.S. data. The U.S. drug overdose death toll crossed the 100,000-mark for the first time in 2021, as the COVID pandemic disrupted medical care and increased mental health problems. U.S. drug overdose deaths rose 13.7% between January 2021 and January 2022 and by 31.4% in the prior 12 months at the height of the pandemic. But the surge in overdose deaths began before the pandemic took hold due to abuse of prescription opioid painkillers and illegal drugs like heroin.

Persons: Brian Snyder, Joe Biden's, Biden, Tom Britton, Stacey McKenna, McKenna, Nandhini Srinivasan, Khushi, Bill Berkrot Organizations: REUTERS, U.S . Centers for Disease Control, Prevention, American Addiction Centers, U.S, R Street Institute, D.C, CDC, Thomson Locations: Peabody , Massachusetts, U.S, China, Mexico, Washington, Bengaluru

☆ Mark Cuban says healthcare has to have more of a 'Netflix model'
▼ + stars: | 2023-06-13 | by ( Vishal Persaud | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +3 min

Mark Cuban recently appeared on the a16z podcast "Bio Eats World" to talk about healthcare. Cuban believes healthcare systems need to adopt more of a "Netflix model" to "truly work." Mark Cuban has been disrupting healthcare with his low-cost online pharmacy, but there are other areas of the industry that can be improved upon too, he believes. Cuban believes that this model, in some ways, can also be applied to a local hospital or healthcare system. "If we're going to change healthcare," Cuban said.

Persons: Mark Cuban, Vijay Pande, Andreessen Organizations: Netflix, Dallas Mavericks, Cuban, Plus Locations: Cuban

☆ The US military is so worried about generic pills that it reportedly wants to do its own testing to make sure they're safe
▼ + stars: | 2023-06-09 | by ( Lydia Ramsey Pflanzer | Zachary Tracer | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +4 min

The US military is planning to independently test the quality of generic drugs, Bloomberg reported. The quality of the US drug supply has come into question amid recalls of medications like metformin. The US military is reportedly planning to take extra steps to test the quality of the generic drugs it buys for servicemembers and their families. Bloomberg reported in May that the White House has assembled a team to tackle shortages and quality issues with generic medications. "I have family who take generic drugs, I take generic drugs," he said, adding, "I don't get concerned and I don't tell them to be concerned."

Persons: Anna Edney, Riley Griffin, Valisure, David Light, Jeremy Kahn, Mike Ganio, ASHP Organizations: Bloomberg, FDA, Morning, servicemembers, Department of Defense, White, DOD, Food and Drug Administration, American Society of Health, System

Companies Indivior PLC FollowJune 2 (Reuters) - Indivior Plc (INDV.L) said on Friday it agreed to pay $102.5 million to settle a lawsuit by dozens of U.S. states accusing it of illegally suppressing generic competition for its opioid addiction treatment Suboxone. Suboxone was approved for U.S. sale in 2002, and Indivior had the exclusive right to sell the treatment in tablet form until 2009. States said Indivior switched to an oral film version of Suboxone from a tablet version to extend its monopoly, just as generic manufacturers were poised to sell their own lower-cost tablets. Generic tablets obtained federal approval in 2013. Indivior expects to pay the $102.5 million in cash this month.

Persons: drugmaker, Indivior, Suboxone, Josh Kaul, Mariam Sunny, Jonathan Stempel, Maju Samuel, Matthew Lewis Organizations: Indivior, D.C, U.S, U.S . Centers for Disease Control, Thomson Locations: Chesterfield , Virginia, U.S, Washington, Indivior's, Philadelphia, Suboxone, Wisconsin, United States, Bengaluru, New York

☆ New HIV infections decline in U.S. but most people at risk are not receiving prevention drugs
▼ + stars: | 2023-05-23 | by ( Spencer Kimball | ) www.cnbc.com time to read: +2 min

The decline was driven by a 34% drop in new HIV infections among 13- to 24-year-olds, according to the data. The U.S. has set a national goal to end the HIV epidemic by reducing new infections 90% by 2030. About 40% of new infections within the gay community were among Black men and 35% were among Hispanic men, according to the data. Among heterosexual women, 60% of new infections were among Black women. Among heterosexual men, about 61% of new infections were among Black men, according to the CDC.

☆ Opinion: Fentanyl is killing a shocking number of young Americans. What the US can do to respond
▼ + stars: | 2023-05-20 | by ( Opinion Joni Ernst | Tim Kaine | ) edition.cnn.com time to read: +5 min

CNN —Illicit fentanyl that originates abroad is one of the most damaging weapons employed against our homeland, destroying lives and families across our country. Cartels’ fentanyl trafficking far surpasses the US government’s response. Between 2017 and 2021, the number of fentanyl trafficking offenders increased 950%, from 146 to 1,533 in the US. Curbing fentanyl trafficking and breaking up cartel networks demands an aggressive and clear approach. Mexico and the US need to be active partners in combating criminal organizations and curtailing illicit drug trafficking.

☆ How El Chapo’s sons built a fentanyl empire poisoning America
▼ + stars: | 2023-05-09 | by ( ) www.reuters.com time to read: +23 min

Headed by Iván, El Chapo’s oldest son, the siblings have emerged as key figures in the Sinaloa Cartel, U.S. and Mexican anti-narcotics officials said. But he was killed in 2008 in Culiacán in a hail of bullets amid infighting between warring factions of the Sinaloa Cartel. The agency in April placed Iván on the list of its 10 Most Wanted Fugitives, joining Jesús Alfredo and Ismael “El Mayo” Zambada, a Sinaloa Cartel legend and El Chapo’s alleged former business partner. They also kidnapped eight soldiers and surrounded military housing where wives and children of Mexican soldiers lived, Mexican officials said. Despite that blow to the Sinaloa Cartel, fentanyl keeps flowing north.

☆ Sons of Mexican drug lord 'El Chapo' deny trafficking fentanyl in rare letter
▼ + stars: | 2023-05-04 | by ( ) www.reuters.com time to read: +2 min

MEXICO CITY, May 4 (Reuters) - Sons of former Mexican drug lord Joaquin "El Chapo" Guzman denied U.S. allegations that they were major traffickers flooding the United States with synthetic opioid fentanyl, addressing the claims against them in a rare letter. The U.S. Justice Department last month charged leaders of the Sinaloa Cartel with trafficking fentanyl and other drugs, including four sons of El Chapo, the cartel's one time leader who is now imprisoned in the U.S. "We have never produced, manufactured or marketed fentanyl or any of its derivatives," the sons wrote in the letter, published by Mexican news outlet Milenio late on Wednesday. They also singled out Los Chapitos as key figures in the Sinaloa Cartel, blaming them for worsening the U.S. opioid epidemic. Mexico and the United States agreed last month to ramp up efforts to stop the trafficking of fentanyl, which has driven a surge in overdose deaths in the United States.

☆ America’s New Drug Policy
▼ + stars: | 2023-05-04 | by ( German Lopez | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

In fact, needle exchange programs can reduce overdoses and drug use over time, by acting as hubs that educate people on safe practices and connect them to addiction treatment. First, lawmakers grew desperate to reduce overdose deaths, which have climbed for decades and surpassed 100,000 annually for the first time in 2021. Second, the overdose crisis is now so widespread that many more people, including members of Congress, know someone hurt by it. “Every single member of the House and Senate has grieving constituents coming in, having buried kids or brothers or sisters or moms or dads,” Keith Humphreys, a Stanford University drug policy expert, said. Previous drug crises disproportionately hurt marginalized populations — such as Black people during the 1980s crack epidemic and poor white people during the 1990s-2000s meth epidemic.

☆ Getting prescriptions via telehealth may change soon
▼ + stars: | 2023-05-04 | by ( Kristen Rogers | ) edition.cnn.com time to read: +7 min

Patients will still be able to get prescriptions for non-controlled medications, such as antibiotics or birth control, via telehealth. CNN: What if you can’t see your telehealth provider in person? The other factor that’s significant here is we discussed all the proposed rules and the status at the federal level, but there’s also the state level. Let’s say the DEA puts out their final rule, and there’s some flexibility — some states might adopt the older Ryan Haight Act language from the federal level, so they might actually be stricter than what we’ll be seeing at the federal level. Khan: The DEA has indicated that the absolute requirement at the federal level is one in-person examination.

☆ Positive Alzheimer's drug trial data pushes Eli Lilly shares to another all-time high and brightens our outlook
▼ + stars: | 2023-05-03 | by ( Kevin Stankiewicz | ) www.cnbc.com time to read: +7 min

LLY 1Y mountain Shares of Eli Lilly over the past 12 months. The FDA granted accelerated approval to an anti-amyloid drug — developed by Japanese pharmaceutical firm Eisai and U.S.-based partner Biogen (BIIB) — in early January. For Eli Lilly, specifically, Seigerman said the donanemab data appears to be a "home run." Eli Lilly said two participants in the Phase 3 trial died due to ARIA side effects, while a third patient did after a serious ARIA incident. The Eli Lilly logo is shown on one of the company's offices in San Diego, California, September 17, 2020.

Circuit Court of Appeals, called the April 7 order by U.S. District Judge Matthew Kacsmaryk "abrupt and profoundly disruptive." The 5th Circuit is preparing to hear May 17 arguments on the matter after the U.S. Supreme Court last week put on hold Kacsmaryk's order. Danco Laboratories, which manufactures the brand-name version of the drug, was due to make a separate filing with the 5th Circuit. A panel of three 5th Circuit judges is scheduled to hear arguments on whether to uphold Kacsmaryk's order. The 5th Circuit has a conservative reputation, with 12 of its 16 active judges appointed by Republican presidents.

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