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A single genetic tweak that occurred among our ancestors 25 million years ago means humans today are unable to grow a tail, according to a new study. Scientists knew that a gene called TBXT was involved in the snipping of the tail. Asep Supriatna/Getty ImagesWandering DNA snipped off our tailsThe solution, they found, was in a type of "jumping gene" called an Alu element. Scientists found two Alu elements around a part of the TBXT gene, called Exon 6. Scientists tested their findings by inserting Alu sequences in mice.
Persons: , Himanshu Sharma, it's, we've, Asep Supriatna, Miriam Konkel, Emily Casanova, Konkel, Casanova Organizations: Service, Business, Anadolu Agency, Getty, NYU, Grossman School of Medicine, Nature, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, Science Locations: Pushkar, Rajasthan, India
On the Trail of the Denisovans
  + stars: | 2024-03-02 | by ( Carl Zimmer | ) www.nytimes.com   time to read: +1 min
March 2, 2024Neanderthals may have vanished 40,000 years ago, but they are no strangers to us today. But there’s no such familiarity with the Denisovans, a group of humans that split from the Neanderthal line and survived for hundreds of thousands of years before going extinct. In a new review paper, anthropologists tally all of the fossils that have been clearly identified as Denisovan since the first discovery in 2010. Nevertheless, many scientists are growing increasingly fascinated by Denisovans. “I find Denisovans way more interesting,” said Emilia Huerta-Sánchez, a geneticist at Brown University.
Persons: Kevin Bacon, , Janet Kelso, Max Planck, Denisovans, Emilia Huerta, Sánchez Organizations: Max, Max Planck Institute, Brown University Locations: Africa, Leipzig, Germany
Bradley Cooper said he struggled to love his daughter, Lea De Seine Shayk Cooper, as a newborn. AdvertisementBradley Cooper opened up about struggling to love his baby daughter at first, dividing fans. But experts say dads taking a while to bond with a newborn is more common than you might think. Cooper shares a six-year-old daughter, Lea De Seine Shayk Cooper, with his ex-partner, Irina Shayk, whom he dated from 2015 to 2019. AdvertisementCooper said his feelings changed when Shayk Cooper was eight months old.
Persons: Bradley Cooper, Lea, Shayk Cooper, Dax Shepard, , Cooper, Irina Shayk, daughter's, I'm, Bolu Babalola, 🍯&, litt, rth Trust,, edin, elin Organizations: Service, Ofc Locations: el
Google introduced the image generator earlier this month through Gemini, the company's main suite of AI models. "We are hoping to have that back online very shortly in the next couple of weeks, few weeks." "The Gemini debacle showed how AI ethics *wasn't* being applied with the nuanced expertise necessary," Margaret Mitchell, chief ethics scientist at Hugging Face and former co-leader of Google's AI ethics group, wrote on X. On Sunday, a text-based user query went viral, asking the Gemini chatbot whether Adolf Hitler or Elon Musk's tweeting of memes had a greater negative impact on society. WATCH: Google's Gemini chatbot is 'evolutionary not revolutionary'
Persons: Demis Hassabis, Hassabis, Bard, OpenAI's, Gemini, Margaret Mitchell, Sundar Pichai, Pichai, Adolf Hitler, Elon Musk's, Elon Musk, Elon, Hitler, Sissie Hsiao Organizations: Google, Gemini, Mobile, Microsoft Locations: Barcelona, German, British, France, ChatGPT
5 tips for navigating childhood obesity
  + stars: | 2024-02-24 | by ( Andrea Kane | ) edition.cnn.com   time to read: +6 min
Editor’s note: Season 9 of the podcast “Chasing Life With Dr. Sanjay Gupta” explores the intersection between body weight and health. With children, doctors define obesity a bit differently than they do with adults. Severe obesity is having a BMI equal to or greater than the 120th percentile. “Most people who are heavy by the age of 5 or 6 will tend to continue to have problems with body weight throughout adolescence and into adulthood,” Yanovski said. “We know that those individuals will therefore accrue the greatest risks from their higher body (fat) because they’re going to continue to have high body weight throughout the years,” he said.
Persons: Sanjay Gupta ”, Dr, Jack Yanovski, Sanjay Gupta, ” Yanovski, , pediatricians, Organizations: CNN, National Institute of Child Health, Human Locations: Alabama
How baleen whales, which include humpback whales, are able to sing underwater has eluded scientists since whale songs were first discovered more than 50 years ago. A baleen whale’s larynx is shaped differently from other mammals. This structural adaptation allows the leviathan to breathe massive amounts of air in and out when they go to the surface, according to the study. Air sacs also evolved in a way that may allow a baleen whale to recycle air while creating vocal sounds, according to researchers. This means that most boating noises mask calls between baleen whales, reducing the distance over which they can communicate.
Persons: Olga Filatova, , , Coen Elemans, ” Elemans, Elemans, they’ve, Patricia Jaqueline, Karim Iliya, James Rule, Ellen Coombs, Peter Buck Organizations: CNN, University of Southern, London’s, Museum, Smithsonian National Museum of Locations: Bering, University of Southern Denmark
Happy New Year of the Dragon - or Loong?
  + stars: | 2024-02-16 | by ( Chris Lau | ) edition.cnn.com   time to read: +7 min
This year, it’s the Year of the Dragon, or more accurately, the “Year of the Loong,” says Chinese state media, using its preferred term for the mythical beast. The Chinese “loong” conjures positivity, nobleness and fortune and therefore should be distinguished linguistically from its Western cousin, state media argues. Chinese media has dedicated coverage and airtime to promote the new nomenclature over the past week or so, though both “dragon” and “loong” are being used interchangeably in English-language reports. “Transcribing long into English ‘loong’ would cause more problems and confusion than translating it as ‘dragon’,” he wrote. He noted that “some patriotic and political sources in the Sinosphere” have been peddling the concept that the Western dragon is fearful.
Persons: , Loong ”, it’s, loong, “ loong, Xi Jinping, Loong, John Lee, Wong Tai, Alex Chan Tsz Yuk, Elliott, Bradford Lee Eden, Eden, Eduardo Leal, , Weibo, Victor Mair, Mair, “ loong ”, ” Eden, Organizations: Hong Kong CNN, Disney, Xinhua, of Library Services, Valparaiso University ,, Tolkien Research, Getty, University of Pennsylvania, Valparaiso University Locations: China, Hong Kong, Beijing, Valparaiso University , Indiana, Macau, Weibo, West
CNN —Researchers have found a new way in which great apes are similar to humans: they tease each other. Researchers found that all four species of great apes demonstrated “intentionally provocative behavior, frequently accompanied by characteristics of play,” according to the press release. The study details 18 different teasing behaviors, many of which were used to provoke a response or attract another ape’s attention. The authors also differentiate playful teasing, which is one-sided, from play, where both apes reciprocate. While primatologists had observed similar behaviors in the past, the study is the first to systematically study playful teasing, Laumer said.
Persons: Isabelle Laumer, Laumer, ’ ”, primatologists, Organizations: CNN —, BOS Foundation BPI, Max Planck, Animal, CNN, Royal Society, Biological Sciences Locations: Leipzig, Germany, San Diego
Romantic kisses have long been celebrated in songs, poems and stories, commemorated in art and film. Modern scholars therefore concluded that romantic kisses likely originated in India. Across thousands of cuneiform tablets kissing isn’t the most mentioned topic, “but it is attested regularly,” he said. But Arbøll and Rasmussen suspected that romantic kissing became accepted in Bronze Age Europe, and not because of migration alone. Even today, many cultures shun romantic kissing, Arbøll and Rasmussen reported.
Persons: CNN —, , Guy de Maupassant, Troels Pank, Assyriology, Justin R, Garcia, ” Garcia, de Maupassant, Arbøll, Dr, Sophie Lund Rasmussen, ” Arbøll, , primatologist Frans B.M, De, Rasmussen, isn’t, It’s, ” Mindy Weisberger Organizations: CNN, University of Copenhagen, Indiana University, Kinsey Institute, Oxford University, Emory University, Scientific Locations: Mesopotamia, Bloomington, India, De Waal, Atlanta, Europe, Russia
This led them to Ilsenhöhle cave in Ranis, Germany, one of several sites across Northwestern Europe where LRJ artifacts have been found. AdvertisementMining ancient DNAWhen they excavated the cave, the researchers uncovered more than just LRJ artifacts — they came upon tiny bone fragments, too. AdvertisementTo that end, they extracted DNA, which confirmed the bones belong to Homo sapiens, providing strong evidence that they were responsible for the LRJ artifacts. According to their data, Homo sapiens were present in Ranis 47,500 years ago — thousands of years earlier than previously thought. Geoff M. SmithQuestions remain about how warm-weather-adapted Homo sapiens survived such a dramatic transition.
Persons: , Josephine Schubert, sapiens, , Jean, Jacques Hublin, Hublin, Tim Schüler, Max Planck, ” Hublin, Dorothea Mylopotamitaki, Homo sapiens, Marcel Weiss, “ It’s, sapien, Geoff M, Smith, Geoff Smith, Organizations: Service, Business, Burg, College of France, Max, Max Planck Institute, University of Kent Locations: Ranis, Europe, Germany, Northwestern Europe, Western Europe, Africa, Scandinavia, Siberia
CNN —For British Vogue’s final issue under Edward Enninful, the outgoing editor-in-chief put not one superstar on the cover, but 40 of them. Forty previous cover stars return for Enninful’s final issue. Steven Meisel“When it came to my last issue, I knew the cover would be dedicated to women. Ned RogersNaomi Campbell, who has now appeared on four British Vogue covers during Enninful's tenure. His other cover stars included 82-year-old Miriam Margolyes, who posed nude for last year’s Pride Month issue, and a then-85-year-old Dame Judi Dench.
Persons: Edward Enninful, Naomi Campbell, Cindy Crawford, Miley Cyrus, Linda Evangelista, Jane Fonda, Kate Moss, Serena Williams, Steven Meisel, Ned Rogers, Enninful, Steven Meisel “, ” Enninful, , shockwaves, Misan Harriman, Kennedi Carter, Ned Rogers Naomi Campbell, Ned Rogers Enninful, Fonda, Miriam Margolyes, Dame Judi Dench, Christy Turlington, CNN’s Christiane Amanpour, Anna Wintour’s, Condé Nast, Chioma Nnadi Organizations: CNN, Hollywood, Vogue, British Vogue Locations: Ghanaian, Dua Lipa, Manhattan, London, Paris, Milan, Los Angeles, British
In this videoShare Share Article via Facebook Share Article via Twitter Share Article via LinkedIn Share Article via EmailGoogle's Gemini chatbot is 'evolutionary not revolutionary', says Melius' Ben ReitzesBen Reitzes, Melius Research Head of Technology Research, joins 'Fast Money' to talk Google's revamped AI chatbot and what it means for the company and AI landscape.
Persons: Melius, Ben Reitzes Ben Reitzes Organizations: Technology Research
Gaining a better understanding of the impact of artificial light on these winged creatures is crucial as light pollution plays an increasing role in the decline of global insect populations, the researchers wrote. Artificial light confuses nocturnal insectsWhen artificial light does not interfere, nocturnal insects keep their backs pointed toward whatever direction is brightest, which is typically the sky versus the ground. By using insect-scale motion-capture cameras, the researchers determined that the flying insects exhibited three consistent behaviors: orbiting, stalling and inverting. Moths and other insects can become trapped in a disorienting orbit around artificial light sources such as street lamps and porch lights. The new findings could help with conservation by fueling research on how to minimize the effects of light pollution on the insects, Dombroskie said.
Persons: it’s, critters, Samuel Fabian, Sam Fabian “, … It’s, ” Fabian, that’s, , Yash Sondhi, Sondhi, Sam Fabian, Fabian, Floyd Shockley, Shockley, ancestrally, , Jason Dombroskie, Dombroskie Organizations: CNN, Nature Communications, Imperial College London’s, Florida Museum, Florida International University, Smithsonian National Museum of, Cornell, Insect, National Wildlife Foundation Locations: bioengineering, Miami, Washington , DC
The participants had their blood pressure monitored for a day before beginning treatment and again after nine months of weekly tirzepatide injections. The results showed a significant decrease in the participants’ systolic blood pressure, the top number in blood pressure readings, which is a strong predictor of heart disease. It works similarly to semaglutide, the active compound in the weight loss drug Wegovy and its sister diabetes drug, Ozempic. Although there are effective blood pressure medications available, only about a quarter of people with hypertension have adequately controlled blood pressure, Hall said. He views the weight loss effect of the drug as a pleasant side effect that will make people more likely to take their medication.
Persons: , Eli Lilly, , Harlan Krumholz, Michael E, Wegovy, it’s, Ania Jastreboff, Hall, Krumholz, tirzepatide, Dr, Sanjay Gupta, CNN’s Meg Tirrell Organizations: CNN, American Heart Association, Food and Drug Administration, Yale University, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Yale Obesity Research Center, CNN Health Locations: United States
Mamadi Doumbouya for The New York Times Talk A Leading Memory Researcher Explains How to Make Precious Moments LastOur memories form the bedrock of who we are. Tell me more about what you mean when you say “illusion.” I probably overstated it with the word “illusion,” but there is an illusionary component. But if you think about it from an evolutionary perspective, memory, often, is educated guesses by the brain about what’s important. You know, the training environment I was in was very down on psychoanalysis, but it always comes back to memory. We have these little compartments that are rooted somewhat in memory that we can access at different moments.
Persons: Mamadi Doumbouya, , Charan Ranganath, Davis, Ranganath, ” Ranganath, You’re, , shoplifted, there’s, We’re, Charan, UC Davis, you’re, you’ve, Sasha Bakhter, It’s, hadn’t Organizations: The New York Times, University of California, UC, Smiths, UC Davis Locations: Davis
One of his videos provided the missing piece to link 400-year-old fossils with living euglenoids. And it helped them solve a scientific mystery that's confused biologists for decades. To find ancient evidence of euglenoids, van de Schootbrugge and his colleagues looked at microfossils — teensy fossils that are only a few millimeters in size. AdvertisementA chance viewing of a YouTube video helped van de Schootbrugge and his colleagues link the fossils and living euglenoids. The proof was in a pond (and on YouTube)There were two main problems with the cyst microfossils: what they were called and what they looked like.
Persons: Fabian Weston, , who's, Euglenoids, Bas, de, de Schootbrugge, they've, van de Schootbrugge, van de Schootbrugge's, Paul Strother, Strother, Van de Schootbrugge, Wilson Taylor Organizations: Service, Utrecht University, YouTube, New South Wales, University of Wisconsin, Eau Claire Locations: New South, Vouliagmeni, Greece
Scientists in the UK investigated how a dog's breed, size, sex, and face shape affect lifespan. Flat-faced dogs, large dogs, and male dogs typically live shorter lives, the scientists discovered. Shown here are dog breeds that fall under the lowest 25% for longevity. AdvertisementAs a result, it may explain why the data suggested crossbreeds live shorter lives, McMillan said. Artificial breeding has shortened dogs' livesHuman-led dog breeding has led to new breeds that live shorter lives.
Persons: Shiba Inus, , poochies, Bernards, Anita Kot, Presa, Cane Corsos, Cane Corso, Bernard, Kseniya Starkova, Kirsten McMillan, Kirsten McMillian, McMillan Organizations: Lancashire, Service, Dog's Trust, Lakeland, French bulldogs, pugs, Dogs Trust, America Kennel, Westend61 Locations: St
What old bones reveal about the earliest Europeans
  + stars: | 2024-02-01 | by ( Katie Hunt | ) edition.cnn.com   time to read: +7 min
Modern humans, or homo sapiens, weren’t previously known to have lived as far north as the region where the tools were made. “The Ranis cave site provides evidence for the first dispersal of Homo sapiens across the higher latitudes of Europe. It also shows that Homo sapiens, our species, crossed the Alps into the cold climes of northern and central Europe earlier than thought. Using the same technique, the team also managed to identify human remains among bones excavated during the 1930s. However, the protein analysis was only able to identify the bones as belonging to hominins — a category that includes Homo sapiens and Homo neanderthalensis, or Neanderthals.
Persons: weren’t, , Jean, Jacques Hublin, Max Planck, Marcel Weiss, Friedrich, , hominins, neanderthalensis, Elena Zavala, ” Zavala, denning, Dorothea Mylopotamitaki “, Sarah Pederzani, William E, Banks, ” Banks, wasn’t Organizations: CNN, Max, Max Planck Institute, Alexander University Erlangen, Evolutionary Anthropology, University of California, University of La, University of Bordeaux Locations: Europe, Ranis, Germany, France, Paris, Leipzig, Moravia, Poland, British, Nürnberg, Berkeley, Siberia, Eurasia, University of La Laguna, Spain,
Many people are unlikely to stick with a diet not because of some personal failing but simply “because we are human,” she added. Offering ourselves compassion can help us see how freeing it is to accept that “the diet was never going to work,” Markey said. So tuning out all-or-nothing diet mindsets can improve our nutrition and benefit us in deeper ways. “Not only is it ineffective to diet — it’s in fact really negative in terms of both mental and physical health,” Markey said. “By pushing back against all these diet culture messages, we can help to change the norms,” Markey added.
Persons: Oona Hanson, you’re, , Charlotte Markey, dietitian Shana Minei Spence, Markey, Spence, ” Markey, ” Spence, it's, Organizations: CNN, Rutgers University, Boys, , National Alliance for
Mars Perseverance rover loses its trusty scout
  + stars: | 2024-01-27 | by ( Ashley Strickland | ) edition.cnn.com   time to read: +7 min
And it’s time to bid farewell to one of the most delightfully plucky robots ever to explore Mars. Other worldsThe Ingenuity helicopter, seen here on Mars in an image taken by the Perseverance rover on August 2, 2023, has flown for the last time. Ingenuity served as the Perseverance rover’s faithful companion and aerial scout for nearly three years since its maiden flight on April 19, 2021. A long time agoAiming to trace syphilis' origins, researchers used paleopathology techniques to study ancient human bones at the site Jabuticabeira II in Brazil's Santa Catarina state. They find wonder in planets beyond our solar system and discoveries from the ancient world.
Persons: , Theodore Roosevelt, Teddy Tzanetos, Thomas Jefferson, it’s, Jose Filippini, Samson Acoca, Pierre, Olivier Cheptou, Ashley Strickland, Katie Hunt Organizations: CNN, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, European Space Agency, NASA, JPL, Caltech, University of Montpellier, Hubble, , CNN Space, Science Locations: Pasadena , California, United States, Brazil's Santa Catarina, Brazil, France, British
The 13-year group, known as Brood XIX, or the Great Southern Brood, is the largest periodical cicada brood, stretching across the southeastern United States. The Northern Illinois Brood, or Brood XIII, emerges every 17 years. Periodical cicadas are smaller and mostly black, with bright red eyes and orange-tinged wings and legs. Billions of cicadas are expected this spring as two different broods — Broods XIX and XIII — emerge simultaneously. However, predictions of a cicadapocalypse — in which Brood XIII and Brood XIX show up at the same place at the same time — are probably an exaggeration.
Persons: hasn’t, Thomas Jefferson, , , , Jonathan Larson, don’t, XIII —, Jason Bergman, ” Larson, We’re, Chris Simon, XIII haven't, Chip Somodevilla, Larson, Cheney Orr, ” Simon, Kate Golembiewski Organizations: CNN, Southern, Northern Illinois, University of Kentucky, Midwest, University of Connecticut, Reuters Locations: United States, Indianapolis, Northern Illinois, Wisconsin, Iowa, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, Kentucky , Tennessee, Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina , Georgia, Alabama , Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas, Columbia , Maryland, America, Chicago
During their three-week mating season, they sleep three hours a night less than usual. Females live just two years, while males die shortly after the breeding season. Still, for most animals, loss of sleep is a serious business. The effect of the loss of sleep doesn't reset in the morning but instead is compounded every night. "Three hours of sleep loss is not lethal in any animal we know of," Lesku said.
Persons: , Erika Zaid, Zaid, John Lesku, LiveScience, Lesku Organizations: Service, La Trobe University, New York Times Locations: Melbourne
Losing weight is hard. Here are 5 things to keep in mind
  + stars: | 2024-01-26 | by ( Andrea Kane | ) edition.cnn.com   time to read: +7 min
We delve into a slew of topics, including new weight loss drugs and how to talk to kids about weight. (CNN) — If you think it’s hard to lose weight and keep it off, you are not alone — and you are also 100% correct. “We evolved not to lose weight intentionally,” paleoanthropologist Daniel Lieberman told CNN Chief Medical Correspondent Dr. Sanjay Gupta recently on the podcast Chasing Life. It’s because we evolved not to lose weight intentionally. “So when people diet, they almost always struggle to overcome ancient, fundamental adaptations to prevent their bodies from losing weight,” he added.
Persons: Sanjay Gupta, it’s, ” paleoanthropologist Daniel Lieberman, Lieberman, , ” Lieberman Organizations: CNN, Harvard University
Scientists based in Australia have found that mouse-sized male antechinus trade sleep to leave more time for reproductive activities during mating season, with one male who was monitored halving his sleep time during that period. Non-breeding dusky antechinus spend an average of 15.3 hours of the day asleep, according to the researchers. “Sleep restriction in breeding male antechinus is likely to be an adaptive behavioral response driven by strong sexual selection,” the paper said. To study the semelparous marsupials, researchers examined two antechinus species: dusky antechinus (Antechinus swainsonii) and wild agile antechinus (Antechinus agilis) both captive and wild. Lesku said researchers would next like to examine how male antechinus deal with restricting their sleep for three weeks.
Persons: ” Erika Zaid, , Erika Zaid, Francesca Leonard, Zaid, John Lesku, antechinus, ” Lesku, Erika Zaid “, Volker Sommer, ” Sommer, Lesku Organizations: CNN, La Trobe University, , University College London Locations: Australia, Melbourne
NEW YORK (AP) — A poetry collection, a coming-of-age novel and a history of deep sea exploration are unlikely to be found in the same section of your favorite bookstore. But they all have enough in common to be this year's winners of Science + Literature awards, $10,000 prizes administered by the National Book Foundation and the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. While ““The Bathysphere Book” is the only winner you could officially classify as science, all three works draw upon science and the natural world. In “Digging Stars,” the protagonist is an astronomer from Zimbabwe who emulates her father's profession. Sze, a National Book Award winner for poetry in 2019, has written often about nature and the cosmos.
Persons: Alfred P, Arthur Sze's “, Rosa, Brad Fox’s, , , Sze, Brad Fox, Arthur Sze, Novuyo Rosa Tshuma, Ruth Dickey, Doron Weber, Kai Bird, Martin J, Sherwin's “ Oppenheimer, Margot Lee Shetterly's, Weber, Sloan, ” Weber, Shane Campbell, Staton, Brian Teare, Ricardo Nuila Organizations: National Book Foundation, Sloan Foundation, Book Foundation, Sloan, People’s, Medicine Locations: Zimbabwe, Manhattan, Japan
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