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AI Is Already Transforming HealthcareThe healthcare sector is already being transformed by the use of artificial intelligence. But what are the drawbacks to its use and what developments in the use of AI will come to healthcare next? The authors of the new book “Can We Trust AI?” WSJ reporter Eric Niiler and researcher Rama Chellappa addressed these questions in a Live Q&A. Zoe Thomas hosts.
AI Is Already Transforming HealthcareThe healthcare sector is already being transformed by the use of artificial intelligence. But what are the drawbacks to its use and what developments in the use of AI will come to healthcare next? The authors of the new book “Can We Trust AI?” WSJ reporter Eric Niiler and researcher Rama Chellappa addressed these questions in a Live Q&A. Zoe Thomas hosts.
EPA’s $100 Billion Climate-Aid Windfall Spurs Turmoil
  + stars: | 2023-01-30 | by ( Eric Niiler | ) www.wsj.com   time to read: 1 min
WASHINGTON—Congress has given the Environmental Protection Agency more than $100 billion to spend on climate-related projects over the next 18 months, but the massive sum is triggering controversies. The money, which comes from the 2021 infrastructure package and last year’s Inflation Reduction Act, is aimed mainly at setting the U.S. economy on a path to cut planet-warming greenhouse gases 40% by 2030.
A team of researchers from China believe the Earth’s inner core has reversed its rotation after they analyzed earthquake-driven seismic waves as they pass through the Earth. In a study published Monday in the journal Nature Geoscience, researchers said the reversal of the inner core rotation would shorten the length of the day by a fraction of a millisecond over the course of a year, and might have a small effect on Earth’s magnetic field, but wouldn’t affect life on the surface. The Earth’s inner core is made of iron and nickel and is separated from the rest of the solid Earth by the liquid outer core, enabling it to rotate differently than the rest of the planet.
A California tech entrepreneur says he might move his plan to launch sunlight-reflecting particles into the atmosphere to the U.S. or another country, after Mexican officials blocked the project. “There is no law that prevents me from doing this,” said Luke Iseman , chief executive and founder of Make Sunsets. The startup had raised $750,000 in venture capital and other funds with the idea of selling “cooling credits” to U.S. firms, according to Mr. Iseman.
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The world’s oceans absorbed record amounts of heat from the atmosphere last year, which slowed the rise of temperatures over land, while fueling powerful storms and weather systems that are damaging communities across the globe, federal climate scientists said. The amount of heat energy contained in the top layer of the world’s oceans has been growing each year since 2019 and is now at record levels, according to a new report by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration released Thursday.
Airborne chemicals that destroy ozone are now declining for the first time, helping to repair the atmospheric layer that protects humans from the sun’s harmful ultraviolet rays, according to a new report by a U.N.-backed panel of scientists. In a report released Monday by the United Nations Environment Program and the World Meteorological Organization, researchers found a significant thickening of the ozone layer, a region of the atmosphere from 9 to 18 miles high that absorbs ultraviolet rays and prevents them from reaching the Earth’s surface.
Airborne chemicals that destroy ozone are now declining for the first time, helping to repair the atmospheric layer that protects humans from the sun’s harmful ultraviolet rays, according to a new report by a U.N.-backed panel of scientists. In a report released Monday by the United Nations Environment Program and the World Meteorological Organization, researchers found a significant thickening of the ozone layer, a region of the atmosphere from 9 to 18 miles high that absorbs ultraviolet rays (UV) and prevents them from reaching the Earth’s surface.
WASHINGTON—The Biden administration on Friday proposed tougher rules on airborne soot produced by factories and vehicles, saying the measures would save 4,200 lives annually and billions of dollars in healthcare costs when fully implemented in 2032. The proposal from the Environmental Protection Agency targets tiny particles of airborne pollutants that can penetrate the lungs and cause human health effects, including asthma, heart attacks and premature death.
A U.S. Coast Guard icebreaker operated earlier this fall in the Arctic, where rainfall has been increasing and air temperatures have been rising. Life is changing in the snowy, icy Arctic as it becomes warmer and rainier, spurring residents and wildlife to adapt, according to a new report by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The 139-page Arctic Report Card was compiled by 147 scientists from 11 countries and included contributions from Native Alaskan scientists for the first time, according to NOAA. It details how warming air temperatures, shorter periods of snow cover, more precipitation and changes in animal migration patterns are affecting the food and health of people who live in the Arctic.
SANDWICH, Mass.—Rob Martin eases the throttle on his 40-foot boat, pulls on his work gloves and prepares to hoist a string of lobster traps from the seafloor below. But instead of looking for a buoy tethered to the traps on the bottom, as lobstermen typically do when checking their traps, he listens for telltale beeps from an electronic device mounted in the wheelhouse. “I can look at my plotter and see where all my gear is,” Mr. Martin, who has fished the waters off Cape Cod for 42 years, said during a recent outing offshore. “Once you start using this stuff, it’s pretty simple.”
SANDWICH, Mass.—Rob Martin eases the throttle on his 40-foot boat, pulls on his work gloves and prepares to hoist a string of lobster traps from the seafloor below. But instead of looking for a buoy tethered to the traps on the bottom, as lobstermen typically do when checking their traps, he listens for telltale beeps from an electronic device mounted in the wheelhouse. “I can look at my plotter and see where all my gear is,” Mr. Martin, who has fished the waters off Cape Cod for 42 years, said during a recent outing offshore. “Once you start using this stuff, it’s pretty simple.”
Flooding in Pakistan was cited in an agreement to set up a fund for nations harmed by the effects of climate change. Delegates at the recent COP27 climate summit in Egypt agreed to set up a fund to compensate poorer nations harmed by the effects of climate change. But figuring out the extent to which climate change causes the harm, and to which countries, is testing the limits of a new field known as attribution science. The United Nations loss-and-damage fund aims to transfer money from wealthy nations to poor nations deemed especially vulnerable to the effects of climate change. Some analysts expect the annual financing needs of the countries to reach $290 billion to $580 billion by 2030.
SHARM EL SHEIKH, Egypt—The United Nations and the U.S. are working to expand the network of weather stations across sub-Saharan Africa, south Asia and the Caribbean and Pacific island regions to create a climate early-warning system that can better anticipate severe droughts, heat waves, tropical storms and floods. Less than half of the U.N.’s 193 member countries are covered by early-warning systems, and less-developed and island nations are contributing only 10% of the weather data that the World Meteorological Organization requires under international agreements.
SHARM EL SHEIKH, Egypt—The United Nations and the U.S. are working to expand the network of weather stations across sub-Saharan Africa, south Asia and the Caribbean and Pacific island regions to create a climate early-warning system that can better anticipate severe droughts, heat waves, tropical storms and floods. Less than half of the U.N.’s 193 member countries are covered by early-warning systems, and less-developed and island nations are contributing only 10% of the weather data that the World Meteorological Organization requires under international agreements.
SHARM EL SHEIKH, Egypt—President Biden is moving to tighten restrictions on emissions of methane, a potent greenhouse gas, and boost funding for developing countries to adapt to the effects of climate change and transition to cleaner technologies, according to the White House. Mr. Biden is expected to announce the measures in a speech before a United Nations climate conference, known as COP27, according to a fact sheet released by the White House ahead of the address. The measures include plans for the Environmental Protection Agency to require oil-and-gas companies to monitor existing production facilities for methane leaks and repair them, according to administration officials.
Biden Announces Restrictions on Methane Emissions at COP27
  + stars: | 2022-11-11 | by ( Eric Niiler | ) www.wsj.com   time to read: 1 min
SHARM EL SHEIKH, Egypt—President Biden is moving to tighten restrictions on emissions of methane, a potent greenhouse gas, and boost funding for developing countries to adapt to the effects of climate change and transition to cleaner technologies, according to the White House. Mr. Biden announced the measures in a speech before a United Nations climate conference, known as COP27. The measures include plans for the Environmental Protection Agency to require oil-and-gas companies to monitor existing production facilities for methane leaks and repair them, according to administration officials.
The U.S. outlined a new carbon-credit plan that aims to pump billions of dollars into developing countries’ energy transition, while some businesses expressed caution over investing in the program. On Wednesday, U.S. climate envoy John Kerry presented the program, called the Energy Transition Accelerator, at United Nations climate talks in Egypt. The program, he said, aims to enlist investors in efforts to reduce emissions across entire regions or countries by paying developing nations to shut down fossil-fuel energy sources and accelerate the construction of renewable energy.
COP27 is expected to focus on boosting funds to developing countries to help them adapt to the effects of climate change. SHARM EL SHEIKH, Egypt—World leaders began to converge on Egypt on Monday at the outset of two weeks of climate talks overshadowed by the war in Ukraine and energy-market turmoil. French President Emmanuel Macron and U.K. Prime Minister Rishi Sunak will help kick off the proceedings, while President Biden will join the talks later in the week. Absent from the summit are the leaders China and Russia, countries that have a pivotal role in shaping the global energy map.
SHARM EL SHEIKH, Egypt—U.S. climate envoy John Kerry is planning to propose a new carbon-credit program that aims to ramp up funding from businesses and governments in wealthy economies to help developing countries cut back on fossil fuels. Mr. Kerry said in an interview that he plans to make the proposal at the United Nations climate-change conference in Egypt on Wednesday, adding that he was still consulting with representatives of other countries on the size and structure of the program.
Sixty-five miles off the coastal Norwegian city of Bergen, a drilling rig is punching through layers of mud and rock below the North Sea. The energy firms behind the rig aren’t prospecting for oil or gas. They are searching for a place to stash vast amounts of the greenhouse gases emitted by industrial facilities across Europe. The Northern Lights project—a $2.6 billion joint venture of Shell PLC , TotalEnergies SE, Equinor ASA and the Norwegian government—is one of almost 200 carbon-sequestration projects now in operation or in development around the world, according to the Global CCS Institute, a think tank that promotes carbon capture. When completed in 2024, Northern Lights will be the world’s biggest effort to sequester, or store, carbon dioxide underground.
U.S. emissions of planet-warming greenhouse gases are projected to decline in the next several years after passage of legislation subsidizing renewable energy, the United Nations said, but global action remains too limited to slow climate change. The gap between cuts pledged by 166 nations, including the U.S., and their current emissions puts the world on track to warm 2.5 degrees Celsius, or 4.5 degrees Fahrenheit, by the end of the century, a U.N. report released on Thursday estimated. To forestall the worst effects of climate change and hold warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius above preindustrial levels, nations must cut their use of fossil fuels by 45% by 2030, the report said.
U.S. emissions of planet-warming greenhouse gases are projected to decline in the next several years after passage of legislation subsidizing renewable energy, the United Nations said, but global action remains too limited to slow climate change. The gap between cuts pledged by 166 nations, including the U.S., and their current emissions puts the world on track to warm 2.5 degrees Celsius, or 4.5 degrees Fahrenheit, by the end of the century, a U.N. report released on Thursday estimated. To forestall the worst effects of climate change and hold warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius above preindustrial levels, nations must cut their use of fossil fuels by 45% by 2030, the report said.
U.S. emissions of planet-warming greenhouse gases are projected to decline in the next several years after passage of legislation subsidizing renewable energy, the United Nations said, but global action remains too limited to slow climate change. The gap between cuts pledged by 166 nations, including the U.S., and their current emissions puts the world on track to warm 2.5 degrees Celsius, or 4.5 degrees Fahrenheit, by the end of the century, a U.N. report released on Thursday estimated. To forestall the worst effects of climate change and hold warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius above preindustrial levels, nations must cut their use of fossil fuels by 45% by 2030, the report said.
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