Attorney General Merrick Garland appointed a special counsel to probe Biden's mishandling of classified information.
"Mr. Hur has a long and distinguished career as a prosecutor," Garland told reporters after announcing his decision.
Garland added that US attorney John Lausch, a Trump appointee who has guided the preliminary investigation, told Garland that he could only lead the initial stages of the probe.
Responding to Garland's announcement, Richard Sauber, special counsel to the president, called the mishandling of documents a "mistake."
"As I said earlier this week, people know I take classified documents and classified material seriously," Biden told reporters.