China's Ministry of State Security on Tuesday said China should encourage its citizens to join counter-espionage work, including creating channels for individuals to report suspicious activity and rewarding them for doing do.
A system that makes it "normal" for regular people to participate in counter-espionage should be established, the ministry said.
That followed an expansion of China's counter-espionage law that took effect in July and bans the transfer of information it sees as related to national security.
It has alarmed the United States, which has warned that foreign companies in China could be punished for regular business activities.
China's declaration that it is under threat from spies comes as Western nations, most prominently the United States, accuse China of espionage and cyberattacks, a charge that Beijing has rejected.
Persons:
Janet Yellen, Mark Schiefelbein, Matt Miller, Cheng Lei, Daphne Psaledakis, Humeyra Pamuk, Mark Porter, Rosalba O'Brien
Organizations:
China's Ministry of State Security, Astellas Pharma, Thomson
Locations:
United States, Diaoyutai, Beijing, China