Andrew Shearer, the director-general of the Office of National Intelligence, said the balance of power in the Indo-Pacific region was starting to "shift away from the United States and its allies, undermining deterrence".
"We are seeing our longstanding technological edge start to erode, and in some cases that edge is totally gone," he added.
Schmidt, who has advised United States Department of Defense on artificial intelligence, said China is organised around drones, hypersonic and automation technology, and this should influence Australia's military spending decisions.
Although it was likely there would be decoupling between China and Western allies in critical technology, China was not an enemy and the could work together in other areas, he added.
He criticised the U.S. government for restricting Chinese researchers from moving to the United States to work on technologies like quantum computing.