The shorter piece of the scroll, known as "The Remaining Mountain", about 51 cm long, is at the Zhejiang Provincial Museum in Hangzhou city.
Taiwan's National Palace Museum has kept the 640-cm long "Master Wuyong Scroll" since the 1950s.
The two pieces were reunited in 2011 when China lent its fragment to the Taiwanese museum for two months during a period of warmer relations as Taiwan pursued a policy of economic rapprochement with China.
But in recent years, as relations have cooled, China has ramped up military activities around Taiwan, including drills over the past month that Beijing said were targeted at combating separatist forces.
While China is keen to woo Taiwan with promises of economic gains, the threat of taking Taiwan by force is unrelenting.
Persons:
Huang Gongwang, Pichi Chuang, Yuan, Ryan Woo, Robert Birsel
Organizations:
National, Museum, REUTERS, Rights, Eastern Theatre Command, Zhejiang Provincial Museum, Eastern, Command, Thomson
Locations:
Taipei, Rights BEIJING, Taiwan, China, Beijing, Taiwan Strait, Hangzhou city, Taiwan's, Fujian