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Why we need to know what time it is on the moon
  + stars: | 2024-06-01 | by ( Ashley Strickland | ) edition.cnn.com   time to read: +6 min
CNN —It’s easy to take the moon for granted as a silvery orb in the night sky, providing a soft light on most evenings. The new system of measurement that NASA and its international partners need to agree on will have to account for the fact that seconds tick by faster on the moon. But it will be crucial for astronauts living in lunar habitats and scooting around in moon buggies who need to know exactly what time it is. We are familyA digital reconstruction of a Bronze Age woman's face is on display at Scotland's Perth Museum and Art Gallery. And now, researchers know what creates their unusual fur pattern: a mutation affecting a gene called KIT, which controls hair color.
Persons: CNN —, Albert Einstein’s, Butch Wilmore, Suni Williams, Joe Skipper, Chris Rynn, Julius Caesar, Gaul, Ari Kankainen, NASA’s Lucy, Ashley Strickland, Katie Hunt Organizations: CNN, NASA, Boeing, Veteran NASA, Perth Museum, Art, Culture, Kinross, CNN Space, Science Locations: North America, Europe, Southern Hemisphere, Culture Perth, Scotland, Indre, France, Finnish, Petäjävesi, Italy
The center, a division of the National Weather Service, issued a modern geomagnetic storm watch, known as a G2, for Friday and Saturday. Unlike the G5, or extreme geomagnetic storm, that occurred on May 10, moderate storm watches are not uncommon, according to the center. But the aurora-causing solar flares and coronal mass ejections currently spewing from the sun are a result of the same sunspots that triggered solar activity in May, according to Dr. Ryan French, solar physicist at the National Solar Observatory in Boulder, Colorado. “The frequency of things is decreasing, but you only need one to cause a large geomagnetic storm. The solar storm on May 10 was the most successfully mitigated space weather storm in history, Dahl said.
Persons: Ryan French, Lokman Vural, “ It’s, , Shawn Dahl, Dahl, ” Dahl, , That’s, there’s Organizations: CNN, United, National Oceanic, Prediction, National Weather Service, Anadolu Agency, Getty, Solar Dynamics, auroras, , European Space Agency Locations: United States, Midwest, New York, Idaho, Boulder , Colorado, Rochester , New York, Sweden, South Africa
In contrast to previous research that assumed the sun’s magnetic field originates from deep within the celestial body, they suspect the the source is much closer to the surface. This view of the sun's magnetic field was generated by NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory. NASA/GSFC/Solar Dynamics ObservaModeling the sun’s magnetic fieldIt’s difficult to see the sun’s magnetic field lines, which loop through the solar atmosphere to form a complicated web of magnetic structures far more complex than Earth’s magnetic field. To better grasp how the sun’s magnetic field works, scientists turn to mathematical models. Like the 11-year solar magnetic cycle, torsional oscillations also experience an 11-year cycle.
Persons: Galileo, , Daniel Lecoanet, ” Lecoanet, , Lecoanet, Geoff Vasil, Ellen Zweibel, Zweibel Organizations: CNN, Northwestern University’s McCormick School of Engineering, Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration, Research, Astrophysics, NASA's Solar Dynamics, NASA, Dynamics, University of Edinburgh, University of Wisconsin Locations: United Kingdom, Madison
CNN —After causing the dazzling waves of aurora borealis this weekend, our Sun isn’t done yet: The strongest solar flare of the current solar cycle occurred Tuesday afternoon, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Space Weather Prediction Center. That storm was the most extreme geomagnetic storm since 2003, the center said. Solar flares usually take place in active regions of the Sun that include the presence of strong magnetic fields. “The Sun’s activity waxes and wanes over an 11-year period known as the solar cycle,” the Solar Dynamics Observatory said on X. Researchers have been seeing more intense solar flares as we inch closer to the cycle’s end.
Organizations: CNN, National Oceanic, Prediction, NASA’s Solar Dynamics, NASA, Space, Solar Dynamics
Read previewIn February, I finally checked off one of my top bucket list items — seeing the aurora borealis, better known as the northern lights. I journeyed all the way to Finland's northernmost municipality, Utsjoki, about 280 miles north of the Arctic Circle. Location, location, locationWhile recent environmental phenomena have made the northern lights visible in places as far south as England and Denmark, the aurora borealis are best viewed within the Article Circle. AdvertisementThe vibrant colors that appear in photos are not what humans seeNot every color of the northern auroras is visible to the naked eye. "The lights are there, but if it is super cloudy — we can't, of course, see them," Tiina told me.
Persons: , Tiina, Taylor Rains, Tiina Salonen, Utsjoki, it's, Nature Organizations: Service, Business, Finnair, Disney Locations: Utsjoki, New York, Ivalo, Finland, Helsinki, Lapland, Aurora, Norway, , England, Denmark, Fairbanks , Alaska, Tromsø, Territories, Sweden, Ilulissat, Greenland, Antarctica, Kathmandu
Read previewI saw the northern lights glowing in the California skies last weekend — but just barely. Over the weekend, this solar activity brought the northern lights south, as far as Arkansas, and gave us a rare chance to see it in California. That's when we knew we were seeing the northern lights. My first solid glimpse of the northern lights came through my iPhone camera. AdvertisementWhy photos make the northern lights look more colorful than they areThe skies looked fully pink in my photos.
Persons: , Morgan McFall, Johnsen, San Francisco —, Dan Bartlett, Maria Walach, auroras, Bartlett, I'm Organizations: Service, Business, Mount, State Park, Lancaster University Locations: California, Arkansas, San Francisco, Lake , California, Yosemite
A severe geomagnetic storm hit the northern US. The storm caused auroras — and apparently disrupted precision farming systems, a John Deere dealership said. Satellite signals were "extremely impacted" by the storm, the dealership said. But for some farmers, the geomagnetic storm was more of a headache. This story is available exclusively to Business Insider subscribers.
Persons: auroras —, John, Organizations: John Deere, Service, Business
Carlos Avila Gonzalez/San Francisco Chronicle/Getty Images The northern lights shine in the night sky above the Molenviergang in Aarlanderveen, the Netherlands, early May 11. Alexey Malgavko/Reuters The northern lights are seen in a rural area west of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, on Friday, May 10. Courtesy Luke Culver People photograph the northern lights from Whitley Bay, England, on May 10. Courtesy Jan Reed The northern lights glow in the night sky in Brandenburg, Germany, on May 10. Increased solar activity causes auroras that dance around Earth’s poles, known as the northern lights, or aurora borealis, and southern lights, or aurora australis.
Persons: Chad Myers, it’ll, Alastair Johnstone, Andrew Chin, Sanka Vidanagama, Carlos Avila Gonzalez, Josh Walet, Robert Nemeti, Jean, Christophe Bott, Max Slovencik, Alexey Malgavko, Luke Culver, Ian Forsyth, Robert F, Geoff Robins, Rich, Jan Reed, Patrick Pleul, Jenny Kane, Adam Vaughan, Jacob Anderson, Peter Byrne, Biden, it’s, Dr, Hakeem Oluseyi, Bill Nye, Guy, , Organizations: CNN, National Oceanic, Prediction, Midwest, Getty, San Francisco Chronicle, Keystone, AFP, Luke Culver People, Rockies, National Weather Service Locations: Alabama, Ohio, Pacific Northwest, North America, Gulf, , Sheffield, England, Manning, British Columbia, Christchurch , New Zealand, AFP, Berryessa , California, Aarlanderveen, Netherlands, Debrad, Slovakia, Anadolu, Le, Dessous, Switzerland, Vienna, Siberian, Tara, Russia's Omsk, Fort Lauderdale , Florida, Whitley Bay, Brunswick , Maine, London , Ontario, Ontario, Tennessee, Washington, Memphis , Tennessee, Rich Hill , Missouri, Brandenburg, Germany, Estacada , Oregon, Cumming , Georgia, Crosby , England, Edinburgh, Scotland, Crosby Beach, Liverpool, Texas, Coast, Sweden, South Africa, United States
Beethoven’s hair reveals lead poisoning
  + stars: | 2024-05-11 | by ( Ashley Strickland | ) edition.cnn.com   time to read: +6 min
CNN —Ludwig van Beethoven’s “Ode to Joy” is one of the first songs I learned to play on the violin. While his doctor’s notes were lost to time, scientists sequenced Beethoven’s genome from locks of his hair last year. Hulton Archive/Getty ImagesA new analysis of Beethoven’s hair has shown the composer experienced lead poisoning toward the end of his life. Tests revealed incredibly elevated levels of lead, as well as arsenic and mercury, in two of his locks, likely from drinking wine that was sweetened with lead. Researchers don’t believe lead poisoning would have been enough to kill him, but it could have contributed to the composer’s well-known gastrointestinal issues and deafness.
Persons: CNN — Ludwig van Beethoven’s, Joy ”, I’ll, Beethoven, Ludwig van Beethoven, don’t, , William Meredith, Umm Jirsan, Lady Elliot, Rebecca Wright, Kate Quigley, “ We’re, Ashley Strickland, Katie Hunt Organizations: CNN, Symphony, Hulton, , Arabia, National Oceanic, Atmospheric Administration, Minderoo, Energy, CNN Space, Science Locations: Alabama, Saudi Arabia, Umm Jirsan, Lady, Australia
NOAA has forecasted a "severe" geomagnetic storm to hit Earth this Friday, triggering aurora borealis. This storm comes as we approach solar maximum: the peak of solar activity during the sun's 11-year cycle. As a result, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration issued a rare forecast for a "severe" G4 geomagnetic storm to hit Earth this Friday. NASADuring solar maximum, the sun develops more and larger sunspots, like the ones in region 3664, compared to quieter periods of solar activity. Severe geomagnetic storms like the one forecasted to hit this Friday are rare.
Persons: , It's, Alex Young, NASA Goddard's, Young, Lance King Organizations: NOAA, Service, National Oceanic, Atmospheric Administration, NASA, NASA Goddard's Heliophysics, Getty Locations: Alaska, Northern
Dramatic blasts of particles from the surface of the sun have prompted the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration to issue a severe geomagnetic storm warning. As nuclear reactions occur on the sun, it routinely expels material from its surface. This type of space weather is what creates auroras, also known as the northern and southern lights, depending on the hemisphere in which you live. During the current geomagnetic storm, the aurora or northern lights may extend as far south as Northern California or Alabama. The latest eruptions were first observed early on Wednesday morning, with at least five heading in the direction of Earth.
Organizations: Oceanic, Atmospheric Administration Locations: Northern California, Alabama
When the energized particles from coronal mass ejections reach Earth’s magnetic field, they interact with gases in the atmosphere to create different colored light in the sky. The Space Weather Prediction Center tracked multiple strong flares emitting from a large cluster of sunspots on the solar surface since Wednesday. Alex Kormann/Star Tribune/Getty ImagesThe effects of geomagnetic stormsWhen directed at Earth, these ejections can cause geomagnetic storms, or major disturbances of Earth’s magnetic field. So far, researchers have obseverd only three severe geomagnetic storms during the current solar cycle, which began in December 2019, according to the center. The storms also affect flight patterns of commercial airlines, which are instructed to stay away from Earth’s poles during geomagnetic storms due to loss of communication or navigation capabilities.
Persons: Wolf, Alex Kormann Organizations: CNN, National Oceanic, Prediction, National Weather Service, Star Tribune, Getty Locations: Alabama, Northern California, New Mexico , Missouri, North Carolina, California, United States, England, United Kingdom, Cloquet, Minnesota, Sweden, South Africa, Quebec
Read previewFor the first time in 20 years, NOAA has issued a G4 geomagnetic storm warning. NOAAAnd in the last 24 hours, AR3664 spit out four coronal mass ejections that are now hurtling toward Earth at roughly 560 miles per second, Owens told BI. Even states including Maryland, New York, and Pennsylvania, could catch a glimpse of the aurora low on the horizon, Young told BI. The reality is that we just won't know how bright, active, and wide-reaching the aurora will be until the coronal mass ejections reach Earth's atmosphere. The most extreme estimate of aurora and where they can be seen in the US came from Alex Young.
Persons: , G4s, They've, Matt Owens, Alex Young, NASA Goddard's, Owens, AR3664, Space.com, Young, they'll, Andrew Gerrard Organizations: Service, NOAA, University of Reading, NASA, NASA Goddard's Heliophysics, Business, Oceanic Atmospheric Administration, Earth, New Jersey Institute of Tech Locations: Montana , North Dakota , Minnesota , Wisconsin, Michigan, Maryland , New York, Pennsylvania
This story is available exclusively to Business Insider subscribers. But first: Social media is making a comeback. I'm not alone: Sharing on social media has tapered off, Business Insider reported back in 2023, but consuming content hasn't. Now social media platforms — Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, and others — are clamoring to get users to stay just a little while longer. It's clear social media isn't giving up without a fight — and right now, it seems we're OK with that.
Persons: , Instagram, Tyler Le, edu, Mark Zuckerberg, I'm, Gen Z, Kate Middleton, BBC Studios Kate, Princess, Wales, she's, Read, Andrew Caballero, Reynold, Jenny Chang, Rodriguez Sam Altman, OpenAI, Altman, Pete Ballmer, Abanti Chowdhury, Steve Ballmer's, Pete, didn't, Kristen Wiig's, Joi, Marie McKenzie, Jordan Parker Erb, Dan DeFrancesco, Lisa Ryan Organizations: Service, Business, Dispatch Social, Facebook, BBC Studios, Aurora, Getty, Biosciences, Hulu, Netflix Locations: Finland's, Utsjoki, Lapland, New York
March 2024 may be the best month in the best year to see the Northern Lights, aka aurora borealis. Here's everything you need to know to spot the northern lights. AdvertisementThis could be the best month, of the best year for two decades, to see the Northern Lights, in part, thanks to openings in Earth's magnetic field. The northern lights dance in the skies above Riverton, Wyoming. If you're lucky and you plan right, you might be able to see the Northern Lights this month.
Persons: , Matt Owens, SANKA VIDANAGAMA, Rune Stoltz Bertinussen, we've, It's Organizations: Service, NASA, International Space Station, University of Reading, Getty, National Oceanic, Atmospheric Administration, Reuters, Weather, NWS, Royal Photographic Society Locations: Riverton , Wyoming, Riverton, Arizona, Florida, Australia, New Zealand, Phoenix , Arizona, Christchurch , New Zealand, AFP, Alaska, Norway, Tromso, Gaylor , Missouri
CNN —Astronomers have spotted an unusual sign that a dead star feasted on a fragment of a planet orbiting it: a metal scar on the star’s surface. The observation revealed a metallic feature on the star’s surface that the researchers determined was related to a change detected in the star’s magnetic field. The strength of the metal detection also synced with changes observed in the star’s magnetic field, which led the team to determine that the metal scar was located on one of the star’s magnetic poles. The star’s magnetic field pulled the metals toward the star, which led to the presence of the scar, the finding has suggested. But WD 0816-310 presents an entirely different scenario orchestrated by the star’s magnetic field.
Persons: , Dr, Stefano Bagnulo, Jay Farihi, John Landstreet, Landstreet Organizations: CNN —, Southern, Planetarium, University College London, Western University, NASA Locations: Chile, Armagh, Northern Ireland, Swiss, Canada
These are among the reasons why there was alarm this week over reports that Russia may be pursuing nuclear weapons in space. So much of the country's infrastructure is now dependent on U.S. satellite communications — and those satellites have become increasingly vulnerable. Photos You Should See View All 33 ImagesTHE PAST: STARFISH PRIME AND PROJECT KBoth Russia and the U.S. have detonated nuclear warheads in space. The U.S. and the Soviet Union signed a nuclear test ban treaty a year later, in 1963, which prohibited further testing of nuclear weapons in space. The creation of the Space Force elevated spending on satellite systems and defenses.
Persons: Stephen Schwartz, Ariel, Hans Kristensen, ” Kristensen, John Kirby, John Ferrari, DeAnna Burt, Pat Ryder, Ferrari, ” Ferrari Organizations: WASHINGTON, Aviation, Russia, U.S, of Atomic Scientists, Starfish Prime, of Defense, Radio, Federation of American Scientists, Soviet Union, House, American Enterprise Institute, U.S . Space Force, NRO, National Reconnaissance Office, Pentagon, Space Force, Defense Department Locations: Russia, China, U.S, Hawaii, British, Ukraine
Brown dwarfs are some of the most unusual and mysterious objects in space. Brown dwarf W1935 may have aurora at its poles created by a volcanic moon that's orbiting the failed star. "For your typical brown dwarf just traversing the galaxy in solitude, your brown dwarf is very mysterious. NASAFaherty and her team suspected a different kind of companion could be at work: an active moon. Whatever the reason may be, it takes very sensitive tools to detect brown dwarfs in the first place.
Persons: , Jackie Faherty, James Webb, Brown, Faherty, Austin Rothermich, Rune Stoltz Bertinussen, NASA Faherty, Webb Organizations: Service, Telescope, Business, NASA, ESA, CSA, American Museum of, American Astronomical Society, City University of New, Reuters Locations: City University of New York, Tromso, Norway
The estimated program cost is 10.4 billion Canadian dollars, of which just under 6 billion dollars is the purchase price of the planes. (The program cost includes weapons, training simulators, spare parts and renovations at the Air Force bases in British Columbia and Nova Scotia where the planes will be stationed.) As with the 1980s vintage CP-140 Aurora planes they will replace, the main duty of the newcomers will be tracking submarines. But, as is the case now, they will most likely perform a number of other tasks ranging from tracking drug smuggling in the Caribbean to monitoring pollution in Canada. In particular, they wanted it to consider a proposed marine surveillance plane from Montreal-based Bombardier.
Persons: , François, Doug Ford of, François Blanchet Organizations: Boeing, Air Force, Titan, Yves, Bloc, Bombardier Locations: British Columbia, Nova Scotia, Caribbean, Canada, United States, Britain, Germany, Norway, Netherlands, Australia, New Zealand, Quebec, Doug Ford of Ontario, Montreal
CNN —More than half of the world’s population live in urban areas where nature can feel like a distant concern. Thriving ecosystems do, however, exist within our cities — even beneath our feet — and embracing urban nature can be a powerful force for change. Cape Town’s baboons can often be found rummaging through garbage cans and around backyards, putting them at greater risk of conflict with humans. Easy access to food from Cape Town’s trash means baboons spend less time and energy foraging, and more on socializing with potential mates and the rest of their group. The city has begun taking proactive measures to keep them away from Cape Town’s outskirts and in their natural hillside habitat.
Persons: CNN —, Corey Arnold, denning, Lawrence Hylton, Neil Zeller, Gizem, Harvard University’s, Mary Cleave, Ashley Strickland, Katie Hunt Organizations: CNN, Southern, DreamWorks, Gizem Gumuskaya Tufts University Scientists, Tufts University, Harvard, Harvard University’s Wyss, NASA, Challenger, Tasmanian, CNN Space, Science Locations: West London, city’s, Cape Town , South Africa, backyards, Cape Town’s, California, Hong, New Territories, Shing Mun, Canadian, Guatemala
A strong solar eruption this week could produce a powerful geomagnetic storm on Friday. The storm — called a coronal mass ejection — is eating up stray energy in space as it heads for Earth. AdvertisementA series of strong solar eruptions this week could trigger a powerful geomagnetic storm by Friday, bringing incredible aurora displays farther south than usual. This phenomenon is called a "Cannibal CME" and the end result could be a strong geomagnetic storm, Spaceweather.com reported. How to see the aurora this weekendThe storm could trigger aurora borealis farther south than usual.
Persons: , Daniel Verscharen, It's Organizations: Service, CME, University College London, Prediction, NOAA Locations: Canada
The purple-pink streak of light indicative of Steve is shown in this image captured by Canadian photographer Neil Zeller. “It can eventually migrate south … toward the equator side of aurora and form a Steve,” Lach said. A Steve will always appear alongside an aurora, Lach and Zeller said, but not all auroras include a Steve. The Steve phenomenon is most likely to be captured around the equinoxes in the spring and fall, according to Zeller and Lach. The photos contributed by members of the public constantly help scientists improve their understanding of these light shows, she said.
Persons: CNN —, It’s, Steve, Elizabeth MacDonald, MacDonald, , ” MacDonald, Neil Zeller, ” Zeller, … we’d, I’d, Dr, Eric Donovan, Zeller, Donovan, Chris Ratzlaff, ” Ratzlaff, Steve —, , Donna Lach, Lach, ” Lach, Steve Earth, “ It’s, Steve I’ve, Organizations: CNN, Northern Hemisphere, NASA’s Goddard Space Flight, Kilkenny, Facebook, NASA, University of Calgary, DreamWorks, SAR, Locations: United Kingdom, Calgary , Alberta, Alberta, Canadian, Canada’s Manitoba, Manitoba, Kp0, Wyoming, Utah, Turkey, Greece, Slovakia, China, Canada
These have been fizzing with activity and could send solar weather toward Earth as early as Saturday. Space weather is mostly harmless, though scientists are looking out for a rare once-a-century superstorm. It had already shot out three M-class and several C-class solar flares before it came into view, per spaceweather.com. "The spots are fairly big and complex, which suggests they're likely to produce some space weather," said Owens. AdvertisementAs of Friday evening, the US and UK agencies that monitor space weather forecasted a low risk of any type of dangerous solar weather in the coming days.
Persons: Daniel Verscharen, Matt Owens, Owens, they're Organizations: Service, European Space Agency, NASA, University College London, University of Reading, US
28 stunning images of the Northern Lights
  + stars: | 2023-11-20 | by ( ) www.reuters.com   time to read: 1 min
[1/28]A person stands on a car while looking at Auroras, caused by a coronal mass ejection on the Sun, that illuminate the skies in the southwestern Siberian Omsk region, Russia November 6, 2023. REUTERS/Alexey MalgavkoOMSK REGION, RUSSIA
Persons: Alexey Malgavko Organizations: REUTERS Locations: Siberian Omsk, Russia, Alexey Malgavko OMSK, RUSSIA
The Northern Lights could be seen in rare locations across the US over the weekend. Lubbock, Texas and Salt Lake City, Utah experienced the light shows. Stunning auroras this far south are rare but could become more common in the next year, or so. AdvertisementAdvertisementThe Northern Lights lit up the skies with brilliant reds, purples, and greens in a rare appearance this weekend in the southern half of the US. However, the sun is becoming more active and will soon reach solar maximum, a time of peak activity when solar eruptions are more common.
Persons: , South Dakota DeKalb , Illinois Landon Moeller Organizations: Service, Weather Service, Salt Lake, Canada Northern, Northern, NOAA Locations: Lubbock , Texas, Salt Lake City , Utah, Colorado, Texas, Spokane , Washington, Aberdeen, South Dakota, Spokane , Washington Lubbock , Texas Riverton , Wyoming Salt Lake City , Utah, Salt, Salt Lake City, South Dakota DeKalb , Illinois, Park, Virginia, , Virginia Glasgow , Montana Ellicott City , Maryland Happisburgh, England Calgary , Alberta, Canada, Southern
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